Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

turbulent

UK /ˈtɜːbjələnt/ · US /ˈtɝbjələnt/ adjective

  1. adjective Violently disturbed or agitated; tempestuous, tumultuous. “It is dangerous to sail in turbulent seas.”
  2. adjective Being in, or causing, disturbance or unrest. “The mid-19th century was a turbulent time in American history.”

Synonyms

disruptive riotous troubled tumultuous churning roiling roiled roily

Etymology

From Middle English turbulent, from Middle French turbulent, from Latin turbulentus, from turba (“disorder, tumult, crowd”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Disturbed; agitated; tumultuous; roused to violent commotion; as, the turbulent ocean.
  2. adjective Disposed to insubordination and disorder; restless; unquiet; refractory; as, turbulent spirits.

Etymology [L. turbulentus, fr. turba disorder, tumult: cf. F. turbulent. See Turbid.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “turbulent”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “turbulent” (best matches first).