Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lest

/lɛst/ conjunction

  1. conjunction For fear that; that not; in order to prevent something from happening; in case. “He won't go outside, lest he be eaten by those ravenous eagles.”
  2. conjunction (after certain expressions denoting fear or apprehension) that (without the negative particle; introduces the reason for an emotion.) “There was danger/alarm lest the plan become known.”

Synonyms

before

Etymology

c. 1200, contracted from Middle English les te (“less that”), from Old English þȳ lǣs þe (“whereby less that”), from þȳ (instrumental case of demonstrative article þæt (“that”)) + lǣs (“less”) + þe (“that,” relative particle). The þȳ was dropped and the remaining two words contracted into leste.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To listen. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
  2. noun Lust; desire; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
  3. adjective Last; least. [Obs.] Chaucer.
  4. conjunction For Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty. Prov. xx. 18.

Etymology [See List to choose.]

Etymology [OE.leste, fr. AS. l the less that, where that, who, which. See The, Less, a.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “lest”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “lest” (best matches first).