Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

brash

/ˈbɹæʃ/ adjective, noun, verb, proper noun

Forms brasher brashest brashes brashing brashed

  1. adjective (of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless. “a brash young businessman; a brash tabloid; a brash sense of humour”
  2. adjective (of actions) Overly bold, impetuous or rash.
  3. adjective (of things) Bold, bright or showy, often in a tasteless way. “brash colours”
  4. noun A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness.
  5. noun A sudden burst of rain.
  6. noun (obsolete) An attack or assault.
  7. verb (transitive, obsolete) To disturb.
  8. adjective (US, colloquial, dated) Brittle (said e.g. of wood or vegetables).
  9. noun Leaf litter of small leaves and little twigs as found under a hedge.
  10. noun (geology) Broken and angular rock fragments underlying alluvial deposits.
  11. noun Broken fragments of ice.
  12. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

audacious brassy brazen cocky undiplomatic foolhardy reckless flashy garish loud splashy bedizened blatant blingish campy catchpenny chichi chintzy corny crass cheeky nervy

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots brash, brasch (“a violent onset; an attack or assault”). Perhaps also related to Dutch bars (“stern; strict”), German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”), Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”), Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”).

Compare American English bresk, brusk (“fragile, brittle”).

* Scottish surname; probably from brash, a nickname for an impetuous person.
* Americanized spelling of German Braasch.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Hasty in temper; impetuous. Grose.
  2. adjective Brittle, as wood or vegetables. [Colloq., U. S.] Bartlett.
  3. noun A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness.
  4. noun Refuse boughs of trees; also, the clippings of hedges. [Prov.

Etymology [Cf. Gael. bras or G. barsch harsh, sharp, tart, impetuous, D. barsch, Sw. & Dan. barsk.]

Etymology [Cf. Amer. bresk, brusk, fragile, brittle.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “brash”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details