Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

caustic

/ˈkɔːstɪk/ adjective, noun

Forms caustics

  1. adjective Capable of burning, corroding or destroying organic tissue.
  2. adjective (of language, etc.) Sharp, bitter, cutting, biting, and sarcastic in a scathing way.
  3. noun Any substance or means which, applied to animal or other organic tissue, burns, corrodes, or destroys it by chemical action; an escharotic.
  4. noun (optics, computer graphics) The envelope of reflected or refracted rays of light for a given surface or object.
  5. noun (mathematics) The envelope of reflected or refracted rays for a given curve.
  6. noun (informal, chemistry, uncountable) Caustic soda.

Synonyms

acidic biting burning corrosive searing bitchy catty mordacious nasty sarcastic scathing sharp spiteful vitriolic pungent acerb acerbic acid acrid bitter blistering sulfurous sulphurous virulent erosive mordant

Etymology

From the Latin causticus (“burning”), from Ancient Greek καυστικός (kaustikós, “burning”), from καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”) + -ικός (-ikós).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Capable of destroying the texture of anything or eating away its substance by chemical action; burning; corrosive; searing.
  2. adjective Severe; satirical; sharp; as, a caustic remark. Caustic curve (Optics), a curve to which the ray of light, reflected or refracted by another curve, are tangents, the reflecting or refracting curve and the luminous point being in one plane.
  3. noun Any substance or means which, applied to animal or other organic tissue, burns, corrodes, or destroys it by chemical action; an escharotic.
  4. noun A caustic curve or caustic surface.

Etymology [L. caustucs, Ge. Calm, Ink.]

Etymology [L. causticum (sc. medicamentum). See Caustic, a.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “caustic”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “caustic” (best matches first).