Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

grate

/ˈɡɹeɪt/ noun, verb, adjective

Forms grates grating grated

  1. noun A horizontal metal grill through which liquid, ash, or small objects can fall, while larger objects cannot. “The grate stopped the sheep from escaping from their field.”
  2. noun A frame or bed, or kind of basket, of iron bars, for holding fuel while burning.
  3. noun (historical) A grapper, a metal ring on a lance behind the grip.
  4. verb (transitive) To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars. “to grate a window”
  5. verb (transitive, cooking) To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater. “I need to grate the cheese before the potato is cooked.”
  6. verb (intransitive) To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something. “Listening to his teeth grate all day long drives me mad.”
  7. verb (by extension, intransitive) To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy. “She’s nice enough, but she can begin to grate if there is no-one else to talk to.”
  8. verb (by extension, transitive) To annoy.
  9. adjective (obsolete) Serving to gratify; agreeable.

Synonyms

grill scrape grating eat into fret rankle grind

Etymology

From Middle English grate, from a Medieval Latin crāta, from a Latin word for a hurdle; or Italian grata, from Latin cratis.

From Middle English graten, from Old French grater (“to scrape”) ( > French gratter), from Frankish *krattōn, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną. Cognate with Old High German krazzon ( > German kratzen (“to scrawl”) > Danish kradse), Icelandic krassa (“to scrawl”) and Danish kratte.

From Latin grātus (“agreeable”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Serving to gratify; agreeable. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
  2. noun A structure or frame containing parallel or crosed bars, with interstices; a kind of latticework, such as is used ia the windows of prisons and cloisters. "A secret grate of iron bars." Shak.
  3. noun A frame or bed, or kind of basket, of iron bars, for holding fuel while burning. Grate surface (Steam, Boiler) the area of the surface of the grate upon which the fuel lies in the furnace.
  4. verb To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars; as, to grate a window.

Etymology [L. gratus agreeable, grateful: cf. It. & Sp. grato. See Grace, and cf. Agree.]

Etymology [LL.. grata, fr. L. crates hurdle; or It. grata, of the same origin. Sae Crate, Hurdle.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “grate”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details