Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

“hardeneth” is a form of

harden

UK /ˈhɑːdn̩/ · US /ˈhɑɹdn̩/ verb, proper noun

Forms hardens hardening hardened

  1. verb (intransitive) To become hard.
  2. verb (transitive, ergative) To make something hard or harder.
  3. verb (transitive, figurative) To strengthen.
  4. verb (transitive, computing) To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
  5. verb (ambitransitive) To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.
  6. verb (intransitive, informal) To get an erection.
  7. verb (ambitransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more fortis; to (cause to) undergo fortition.
  8. verb (Slavic phonology) To unpalatalize or velarize.
  9. proper noun A surname.
  10. proper noun A suburb in the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall, West Midlands, England (OS grid ref SK0101).
  11. proper noun A village and civil parish (with a village council) in the Metropolitan Borough of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SE0838).
  12. proper noun A town in Hilltops council area, southern New South Wales, Australia.

Synonyms

inure roborate anneal indurate obdurate sclerotise solidify steel stiffen temper season

Antonyms

soften

Etymology

From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard + -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To make hard or harder; to make firm or compact; to indurate; as, to harden clay or iron.
  2. verb To accustom by labor or suffering to endure with constancy; to strengthen; to stiffen; to inure; also, to confirm in wickedness or shame; to make unimpressionable. "Harden not your heart." Ps. xcv. 8.
  3. verb To become hard or harder; to acquire solidity, or more compactness; as, mortar hardens by drying.
  4. verb To become confirmed or strengthened, in either a good or a bad sense.

Etymology [OE. hardnen, hardenen.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “harden”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “harden” (best matches first).