Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

pledge

/plɛd͡ʒ/ verb, noun

Forms pledges pledging pledged

  1. verb To make a solemn promise (to do something). “pledge allegiance to the flag”
  2. verb To deposit something as a security; to pawn.
  3. verb (transitive) To give assurance of friendship by the act of drinking; to drink to one's health.
  4. noun A solemn promise to do something.
  5. noun (with the) A promise to abstain from drinking alcohol.
  6. noun An asset or person temporarily handed over to guarantee the fulfilment of something promised, under threat of permanent loss of the thing handed over; surety, security, hostage.
  7. noun (law) A bailment of personal property to secure payment of a debt without transfer of title.
  8. noun The personal property so pledged, to be kept until the debt is paid.
  9. noun (university slang) A person who has taken a pledge of allegiance to a college fraternity, but is not yet formally approved.
  10. noun A drinking toast.

Synonyms

undertake commitment undertaking collateral toast assurance plight subscribe drink salute wassail

Etymology

From Middle English plege, from Anglo-Norman plege, from Old French plege (Modern French pleige) from Medieval Latin plevium, plebium, from plebiō (“to pledge”), from Frankish *plehan (“to pledge; to support; to guarantee”). Akin to Old High German pflegan (“to take care of, be accustomed to”), Old Saxon plegan (“to vouch for”), Old English plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The transfer of possession of personal property from a debtor to a creditor as security for a debt or engagement; also, the contract created between the debtor and creditor by a thing being so delivered or deposited, forming a species of bailment; also, that which is so delivered or deposited; something put in pawn.
  2. noun A person who undertook, or became responsible, for another; a bail; a surety; a hostage. "I am Grumio's pledge." Shak.
  3. verb To deposit, as a chattel, in pledge or pawn; to leave in possession of another as security; as, to pledge one's watch.
  4. verb To give or pass as a security; to guarantee; to engage; to plight; as, to pledge one's word and honor.

Etymology [OF. plege, pleige, pledge, guaranty, LL. plegium, plivium; akin to OF. plevir to bail, guaranty, perhaps fr. L. praebere to proffer, offer (sc. fidem a trust, a promise of security), but cf. also E. play. sq. root28. Cf. Prebend, Replevin.]

Etymology [Cf. OF. pleiger to give security. See Pledge, n.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “pledge”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “pledge” (best matches first).

All 26 Sanskrit matches →