Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

substance

/ˈsʌbstəns/ noun, verb

Forms substances substancing substanced substaunce

  1. noun Physical matter; material.
  2. noun A form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties.
  3. noun The essential part of anything; the most vital part.
  4. noun Substantiality; solidity; firmness. “Some textile fabrics have little substance.”
  5. noun Material possessions; estate; property; resources. “a man of substance”
  6. noun Drugs (illegal narcotics) “substance abuse”
  7. noun (theology, philosophy) Ousia, essence; underlying reality or hypostasis in the philosophical sense.
  8. verb (rare, transitive) To give substance to; to make real or substantial.

Synonyms

matter stuff crux gist dope gear corporeity body mass material kernel core center centre essence heart heart and soul inwardness marrow meat nub pith sum nitty-gritty meaning means message content subject matter

Antonyms

nothing vacuum void energy force heat light power ego dream mind personality

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English substance, from Old French substance, from Latin substantia (“substance, essence”), from substāns, present active participle of substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”), from sub + stō (“stand”). Displaced native Old English andweorc.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.
  2. noun The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.
  3. verb To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich. [Obs.]

Etymology [F., fr. L. substantia, fr. substare to be under or present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to stand. See Stand.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “substance”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “substance” (best matches first).

All 211 Sanskrit matches →