Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

substitution

UK /ˌsʌb.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/ · US /ˌsʌb.stɪˈtu.ʃən/ noun

Forms substitutions

  1. noun The act of substituting or the state of being substituted. “In this football tournament, three substitutions can be made during the match.”
  2. noun A substitute or replacement. “Gary is off this weekend, so Jeff will be his substitution.”
  3. noun (chemistry, especially organic chemistry) The replacement of an atom, or group of atoms, in a compound, with another.
  4. noun (linguistics) The expansion of the lexicon of a language by native means in correspondence to a foreign term.

Synonyms

commutation permutation transposition replacement switch exchange

Etymology

From Middle French substitution, from Late Latin substitutio.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place of another; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney, or representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.
  2. noun The state of being substituted for another.

Etymology [L. substitutio: cf. F. substitution.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “substitution”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “substitution” (best matches first).

All 13 Sanskrit matches →