Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

tramp

/ˈtɹæmp/ noun, verb

Forms tramps tramping tramped

  1. noun The act of walking with heavy steps.
  2. noun (sometimes derogatory) A homeless person; a vagabond.
  3. noun (derogatory) A disreputable, promiscuous woman; a slut. “I can't believe you'd let yourself be seen with that tramp.”
  4. noun Any ship which does not have a fixed schedule or published ports of call.
  5. noun (Australia, New Zealand) A long walk, possibly of more than one day, in a scenic or wilderness area.
  6. noun (in apposition) Of objects, stray, intrusive and unwanted.
  7. noun A metal plate worn by diggers under the hollow of the foot to save the shoe.
  8. noun Shaking or juddering of a vehicle's driving axle under hard acceleration or braking, caused by the suspension not fully restraining it, and leading to reduction in tire traction.
  9. verb To walk with heavy footsteps.
  10. verb To walk for a long time (usually through difficult terrain). “We tramped through the woods for hours before we found the main path again.”
  11. verb To hitchhike.
  12. verb (transitive) To tread upon forcibly and repeatedly; to trample.
  13. verb (transitive) To travel or wander through. “to tramp the country”
  14. verb (transitive, Scotland) To cleanse, as clothes, by treading upon them in water.
  15. verb (colloquial, intransitive) To scram; begone.
  16. verb (intransitive) To shake or judder under hard acceleration or braking, referring to the movement of a vehicle's driving axle caused by the suspension not fully restraining it, leading to reduction in tire traction.

Synonyms

bum hobo vagabond stiff casual clochard derelict dero down-and-out down-and-outer drifter epithite floater gadling Jack out of doors knight of the road landleaper landloper landlouper nomad swinger hiker tramper tramp steamer hike hiking slog footslog plod trudge

Etymology

From Middle English trampen (“to walk heavily”), from Middle Low German trampen (“to stamp”) (trampeln (“to walk with heavy steps”), see trample) or from Middle Dutch trampen (“to stamp”), from Proto-West Germanic *trampan (“to step”). Doublet of tremp.
Cognate with Dutch trampen (“to stamp, kick, step”), dialectal German trampen (“to step, walk, tread”), whence commoner German trampeln (“to trample”). Probably related to trap.

Clipping of trampoline (ultimately related to the verb via German trampeln).

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To tread upon forcibly and repeatedly; to trample.
  2. verb To travel or wander through; as, to tramp the country. [Colloq.]
  3. verb To travel; to wander; to stroll.
  4. noun A foot journey or excursion; as, to go on a tramp; a long tramp.

Etymology [OE. trampen; akin to LG. trampen, G. trampeln, LG. & D. trappen, Dan. trampe, Sw. & Icel. trampa, Goth. anatrimpan to press upon; also to D. trap a step, G. treppe steps, stairs. Cf. Trap a kind of rock, Trape, Trip, v. i., Tread.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “tramp”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details