Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

vocal

UK /ˈvəʊ̯.kəl/ · US /ˈvoʊ̯.kəl/ adjective, noun

Forms vocals

  1. adjective Of, pertaining to, or resembling the human voice or speech. “vocal problems”
  2. adjective (anatomy) Used in the production of speech sounds. “vocal apparatus”
  3. adjective (music) Relating to, composed or arranged for, or sung by the human voice.
  4. adjective (phonetics) Consisting of, or characterized by, voice, or tone produced in the larynx, which may be modified, either by resonance, as in the case of the vowels, or by obstructive action, as in certain consonants, such as v, l, etc., or by both, as in the nasals m, n, ng.
  5. adjective (phonetics) Synonym of vocalic.
  6. adjective Uttered or modulated by the voice; expressed in words. “vocal melody, vocal prayer, vocal worship”
  7. adjective Expressing opinions or feelings freely, loudly, or insistently. “The protesters were very vocal in their message to the mayor.”
  8. adjective Having or exercising the power of producing voice, speech, or sound.
  9. noun (phonetics) A vocal sound; specifically, a purely vocal element of speech, unmodified except by resonance; a vowel or a diphthong; a tonic element; a tonic.
  10. noun (music) A part of a piece of music that is sung.
  11. noun (acting) A musical performance involving singing.
  12. noun (Catholicism) A man in the Roman Catholic Church who has a right to vote in certain elections.

Synonyms

sonant intonated voiced vocalic oral audible outspoken loud spoken expressive resounding song vocal music

Antonyms

inaudible quiet silent voiceless instrumental

Etymology

Late Middle English vocal, borrowed from Latin vōcālis (“uttering a voice, sounding, speaking”), from vōx (“a voice, sound, tone”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of vowel and vocalis. Compare Old French vocal.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Of or pertaining to the voice or speech; having voice; endowed with utterance; full of voice, or voices.
  2. adjective Uttered or modulated by the voice; oral; as, vocal melody; vocal prayer. "Vocal worship." Milton.
  3. noun A vocal sound; specifically, a purely vocal element of speech, unmodified except by resonance; a vowel or a diphthong; a tonic element; a tonic; --distinguished from a subvocal, and a nonvocal.
  4. noun A man who has a right to vote in certain elections.

Etymology [L. vocalis, fr. vox, vocis, voice: cf. F. vocal. See Voice, and cf. Vowel.]

Etymology [Cf. F. vocal, LL. vocalis.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “vocal”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “vocal” (best matches first).