Scripture · Sanskrit Bible with the King James Version · the Pāli Canon
Numbered Discourses 6 27 अङ्गुत्तर 6 27
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Paṭhamasamayasutta
Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.
Verse: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 · Hide pronunciation
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Numbered Discourses 6.27
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3। अनुत्तरियवग्गa·nut·ta·ri·ya·vag·ga
3. Anuttariyavagga
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पठमसमयसुत्तpa·ṭha·ma·sa·ma·ya·sut·ta
Paṭhamasamayasutta
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अथa·tha खोkho अञ्ञतरोañ·ña·ta·ro भिक्खुbhik·khu येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ अभिवादेत्वाa·bhi·vā·det·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसीदि।ni·sī·di एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसिन्नोni·sin·no खोkho सोso भिक्खुbhik·khu भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
Then a mendicant went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:
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“कतिka·ti नुnu खो,kho भन्ते,bhan·te समयाsa·ma·yā मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुन्”ति?u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tun
“kati nu kho, bhante, samayā manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamitun”ti?
“Sir, how many occasions are there for going to see an esteemed mendicant?”
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“छयिमे,cha·yi·me भिक्खु,bhik·khu समयाsa·ma·yā मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
“Chayime, bhikkhu, samayā manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
“Mendicant, there are six occasions for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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इध,i·dha भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu कामरागपरियुट्ठितेनkā·ma·rā·ga·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti कामरागपरेतेन,kā·ma·rā·ga·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca कामरागस्सkā·ma·rā·gas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Idha, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Firstly, there’s a time when a mendicant’s heart is overcome and mired in sensual desire, and they don’t truly understand the escape from sensual desire that has arisen. On that occasion they should go to an esteemed mendicant and say:
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‘अहंa·haṃ खो,kho आवुसो,ā·vu·so कामरागपरियुट्ठितेनkā·ma·rā·ga·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरामिvi·ha·rā·mi कामरागपरेतेन,kā·ma·rā·ga·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca कामरागस्सkā·ma·rā·gas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ kho, āvuso, kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharāmi kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.
‘My heart is overcome and mired in sensual desire, and I don’t truly understand the escape from sensual desire that has arisen.
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अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu पठमोpa·ṭha·mo समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, paṭhamo samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the first occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu ब्यापादपरियुट्ठितेनbyā·pā·da·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti ब्यापादपरेतेन,byā·pā·da·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca ब्यापादस्सbyā·pā·das·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Furthermore, there’s a time when a mendicant’s heart is overcome and mired in ill will …
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‘अहंa·haṃ खो,kho आवुसो,ā·vu·so ब्यापादपरियुट्ठितेनbyā·pā·da·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरामिvi·ha·rā·mi ब्यापादपरेतेन,byā·pā·da·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca ब्यापादस्सbyā·pā·das·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ kho, āvuso, byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharāmi byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.
(Pāli only)
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साधुsā·dhu वतva·ta मेme आयस्माā·yas·mā ब्यापादस्सbyā·pā·das·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेतू’ति।de·se·tū
Sādhu vata me āyasmā byāpādassa pahānāya dhammaṁ desetū’ti.
(Pāli only)
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तस्सtas·sa मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu ब्यापादस्सbyā·pā·das·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेति।de·se·ti
Tassa manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu byāpādassa pahānāya dhammaṁ deseti.
(Pāli only)
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अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu दुतियोdu·ti·yo समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, dutiyo samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the second occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu थिनमिद्धपरियुट्ठितेनthi·na·mid·dha·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti थिनमिद्धपरेतेन,thi·na·mid·dha·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca थिनमिद्धस्सthi·na·mid·dhas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Furthermore, there’s a time when a mendicant’s heart is overcome and mired in dullness and drowsiness …
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‘अहंa·haṃ खो,kho आवुसो,ā·vu·so थिनमिद्धपरियुट्ठितेनthi·na·mid·dha·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरामिvi·ha·rā·mi थिनमिद्धपरेतेन,thi·na·mid·dha·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca थिनमिद्धस्सthi·na·mid·dhas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ kho, āvuso, thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharāmi thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.
(Pāli only)
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साधुsā·dhu वतva·ta मेme आयस्माā·yas·mā थिनमिद्धस्सthi·na·mid·dhas·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेतू’ति।de·se·tū
Sādhu vata me āyasmā thinamiddhassa pahānāya dhammaṁ desetū’ti.
(Pāli only)
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तस्सtas·sa मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu थिनमिद्धस्सthi·na·mid·dhas·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेति।de·se·ti
Tassa manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu thinamiddhassa pahānāya dhammaṁ deseti.
(Pāli only)
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अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu ततियोta·ti·yo समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, tatiyo samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the third occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चपरियुट्ठितेनud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·ca·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चपरेतेन,ud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·ca·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चस्सud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·cas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Furthermore, there’s a time when a mendicant’s heart is overcome and mired in restlessness and remorse …
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‘अहंa·haṃ खो,kho आवुसो,ā·vu·so उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चपरियुट्ठितेनud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·ca·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरामिvi·ha·rā·mi उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चपरेतेन,ud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·ca·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नस्सup·pan·nas·sa चca उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चस्सud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·cas·sa निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ kho, āvuso, uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharāmi uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.
(Pāli only)
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साधुsā·dhu वतva·ta मेme आयस्माā·yas·mā उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चस्सud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·cas·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेतू’ति।de·se·tū
Sādhu vata me āyasmā uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya dhammaṁ desetū’ti.
(Pāli only)
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तस्सtas·sa मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चस्सud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·cas·sa पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेति।de·se·ti
Tassa manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya dhammaṁ deseti.
(Pāli only)
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अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu चतुत्थोca·tut·tho समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, catuttho samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the fourth occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu विचिकिच्छापरियुट्ठितेनvi·ci·kic·chā·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti विचिकिच्छापरेतेन,vi·ci·kic·chā·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नायup·pan·nā·ya चca विचिकिच्छायvi·ci·kic·chā·ya निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Furthermore, there’s a time when a mendicant’s heart is overcome and mired in doubt …
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‘अहं,a·haṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so विचिकिच्छापरियुट्ठितेनvi·ci·kic·chā·pa·ri·yuṭ·ṭhi·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विहरामिvi·ha·rā·mi विचिकिच्छापरेतेन,vi·ci·kic·chā·pa·re·te·na उप्पन्नायup·pan·nā·ya चca विचिकिच्छायvi·ci·kic·chā·ya निस्सरणंnis·sa·ra·ṇaṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ, āvuso, vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharāmi vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.
(Pāli only)
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साधुsā·dhu वतva·ta मेme आयस्माā·yas·mā विचिकिच्छायvi·ci·kic·chā·ya पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेतू’ति।de·se·tū
Sādhu vata me āyasmā vicikicchāya pahānāya dhammaṁ desetū’ti.
(Pāli only)
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तस्सtas·sa मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu विचिकिच्छायvi·ci·kic·chā·ya पहानायpa·hā·nā·ya धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेति।de·se·ti
Tassa manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu vicikicchāya pahānāya dhammaṁ deseti.
(Pāli only)
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अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu पञ्चमोpañ·ca·mo समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, pañcamo samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the fifth occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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33
पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu यस्मिंyas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye भिक्खुbhik·khu यंyaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ आगम्मā·gam·ma यंyaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ मनसिकरोतोma·na·si·ka·ro·to अनन्तराa·nan·ta·rā आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ खयोkha·yo होतिho·ti तंtaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti तस्मिंtas·miṃ समयेsa·ma·ye मनोभावनीयोma·no·bhā·va·nī·yo भिक्खुbhik·khu उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो:va·ca·nī·yo
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, yasmiṁ samaye bhikkhu yaṁ nimittaṁ āgamma yaṁ nimittaṁ manasikaroto anantarā āsavānaṁ khayo hoti taṁ nimittaṁ nappajānāti tasmiṁ samaye manobhāvanīyo bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo:
Furthermore, there’s a time when a mendicant doesn’t understand what kind of meditation they need to focus on in order to end the defilements without delay. On that occasion they should go to an esteemed mendicant and say:
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34
‘अहंa·haṃ खो,kho आवुसो,ā·vu·so यंyaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ आगम्मā·gam·ma यंyaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ मनसिकरोतोma·na·si·ka·ro·to अनन्तराa·nan·ta·rā आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ खयोkha·yo होति,ho·ti तंtaṃ निमित्तंni·mit·taṃ नप्पजानामि।nap·pa·jā·nā·mi
‘ahaṁ kho, āvuso, yaṁ nimittaṁ āgamma yaṁ nimittaṁ manasikaroto anantarā āsavānaṁ khayo hoti, taṁ nimittaṁ nappajānāmi.
‘I don’t understand what kind of meditation to focus on in order to end the defilements without delay.
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37
अयं,a·yaṃ भिक्खु,bhik·khu छट्ठोchaṭ·ṭho समयोsa·ma·yo मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुं।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tuṃ
Ayaṁ, bhikkhu, chaṭṭho samayo manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
This is the sixth occasion for going to see an esteemed mendicant.
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38
इमेi·me खो,kho भिक्खु,bhik·khu छcha समयाsa·ma·yā मनोभावनीयस्सma·no·bhā·va·nī·yas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya उपसङ्कमितुन्”ति।u·pa·saṅ·ka·mi·tun
Ime kho, bhikkhu, cha samayā manobhāvanīyassa bhikkhuno dassanāya upasaṅkamitun”ti.
These are the six occasions for going to see an esteemed mendicant.”
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39
सत्तमं।sat·ta·maṃ
Sattamaṁ.
(Pāli only)
Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.