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Numbered Discourses 7 47 अङ्गुत्तर 7 47

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Dutiyaaggisutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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1

अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 7।47

Aṅguttara Nikāya 7.47

Numbered Discourses 7.47
2

5। महायञ्ञवग्गma·hā·yañ·ña·vag·ga

5. Mahāyaññavagga

5. A Great Sacrifice
3

दुतियअग्गिसुत्तdu·ti·ya·ag·gi·sut·ta

Dutiyaaggisutta

Fires (2nd)
4

तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na उग्गतसरीरस्सug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ras·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa महायञ्ञोma·hā·yañ·ño उपक्खटोu·pak·kha·ṭo होति।ho·ti

Tena kho pana samayena uggatasarīrassa brāhmaṇassa mahāyañño upakkhaṭo hoti.

Now at that time the brahmin Uggatasarīra had prepared a large sacrifice.
5

पञ्चpañ·ca उसभसतानिu·sa·bha·sa·tā·ni थूणूपनीतानिthū·ṇū·pa·nī·tā·ni होन्तिhon·ti यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya पञ्चpañ·ca वच्छतरसतानिvac·cha·ta·ra·sa·tā·ni थूणूपनीतानिthū·ṇū·pa·nī·tā·ni होन्तिhon·ti यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya पञ्चpañ·ca वच्छतरिसतानिvac·cha·ta·ri·sa·tā·ni थूणूपनीतानिthū·ṇū·pa·nī·tā·ni होन्तिhon·ti यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya पञ्चpañ·ca अजसतानिa·ja·sa·tā·ni थूणूपनीतानिthū·ṇū·pa·nī·tā·ni होन्तिhon·ti यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya पञ्चpañ·ca उरब्भसतानिu·rab·bha·sa·tā·ni थूणूपनीतानिthū·ṇū·pa·nī·tā·ni होन्तिhon·ti यञ्ञत्थाय।yañ·ñat·thā·ya

Pañca usabhasatāni thūṇūpanītāni honti yaññatthāya, pañca vacchatarasatāni thūṇūpanītāni honti yaññatthāya, pañca vacchatarisatāni thūṇūpanītāni honti yaññatthāya, pañca ajasatāni thūṇūpanītāni honti yaññatthāya, pañca urabbhasatāni thūṇūpanītāni honti yaññatthāya.

Bulls, bullocks, heifers, goats and rams—five hundred of each—had been led to the post for the sacrifice.
6

अथa·tha खोkho उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā भगवताbha·ga·va·tā सद्धिंsad·dhiṃ सम्मोदि।sam·mo·di

Atha kho uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.

Then the brahmin Uggatasarīra went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him.
7

सम्मोदनीयंsam·mo·da·nī·yaṃ कथंka·thaṃ सारणीयंsā·ra·ṇī·yaṃ वीतिसारेत्वाvī·ti·sā·ret·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसीदि।ni·sī·di एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसिन्नोni·sin·no खोkho उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha,
8

“सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अग्गिस्सag·gis·sa आदानंā·dā·naṃ यूपस्सyū·pas·sa उस्सापनंus·sā·pa·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होतिho·ti महानिसंसन्”ति।ma·hā·ni·saṃ·san

“Sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama, aggissa ādānaṁ yūpassa ussāpanaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti mahānisaṁsan”ti.

“Worthy Gotama, I have heard that kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post is very fruitful and beneficial.”
9

“मयापिma·yā·pi खोkho एतं,e·taṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa सुतंsu·taṃ अग्गिस्सag·gis·sa आदानंā·dā·naṃ यूपस्सyū·pas·sa उस्सापनंus·sā·pa·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होतिho·ti महानिसंसन्”ति।ma·hā·ni·saṃ·san

“Mayāpi kho etaṁ, brāhmaṇa, sutaṁ aggissa ādānaṁ yūpassa ussāpanaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti mahānisaṁsan”ti.

“I’ve also heard this, brahmin.”
10

दुतियम्पिdu·ti·yam·pi खोkho उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo …पे…pe

Dutiyampi kho uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo …pe…

For a second time …
11

ततियम्पिta·ti·yam·pi खोkho उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

tatiyampi kho uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

and third time Uggatasarīra said to the Buddha,
12

“सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अग्गिस्सag·gis·sa आदानंā·dā·naṃ यूपस्सyū·pas·sa उस्सापनंus·sā·pa·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होतिho·ti महानिसंसन्”ति।ma·hā·ni·saṃ·san

“sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama, aggissa ādānaṁ yūpassa ussāpanaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti mahānisaṁsan”ti.

“Worthy Gotama, I have heard that kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post is very fruitful and beneficial.”
13

“मयापिma·yā·pi खोkho एतं,e·taṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa सुतंsu·taṃ अग्गिस्सag·gis·sa आदानंā·dā·naṃ यूपस्सyū·pas·sa उस्सापनंus·sā·pa·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होतिho·ti महानिसंसन्”ति।ma·hā·ni·saṃ·san

“Mayāpi kho etaṁ, brāhmaṇa, sutaṁ aggissa ādānaṁ yūpassa ussāpanaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti mahānisaṁsan”ti.

“I’ve also heard this, brahmin.”
14

“तयिदं,ta·yi·daṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma समेतिsa·me·ti भोतोbho·to चेवce·va गोतमस्सgo·ta·mas·sa अम्हाकञ्च,am·hā·kañ·ca यदिदंya·di·daṃ सब्बेनsab·be·na सब्बं”।sab·baṃ

“Tayidaṁ, bho gotama, sameti bhoto ceva gotamassa amhākañca, yadidaṁ sabbena sabbaṁ”.

“Then the worthy Gotama and I are in total agreement in this matter.”
15

एवंe·vaṃ वुत्तेvut·te आयस्माā·yas·mā आनन्दोā·nan·do उग्गतसरीरंug·ga·ta·sa·rī·raṃ ब्राह्मणंbrāh·ma·ṇaṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

Evaṁ vutte āyasmā ānando uggatasarīraṁ brāhmaṇaṁ etadavoca:

When he said this, Venerable Ānanda said to Uggatasarīra,
16

“नna खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa तथागताta·thā·ga·tā एवंe·vaṃ पुच्छितब्बा:puc·chi·tab·bā

“na kho, brāhmaṇa, tathāgatā evaṁ pucchitabbā:

“Brahmin, you shouldn’t ask the Buddha in this way.
17

‘सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अग्गिस्सag·gis·sa आदानंā·dā·naṃ यूपस्सyū·pas·sa उस्सापनंus·sā·pa·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होतिho·ti महानिसंसन्’ति।ma·hā·ni·saṃ·san

‘sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama, aggissa ādānaṁ yūpassa ussāpanaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti mahānisaṁsan’ti.

(Pāli only)
18

एवंe·vaṃ खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa तथागताta·thā·ga·tā पुच्छितब्बा:puc·chi·tab·bā

Evaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, tathāgatā pucchitabbā:

You should ask in this way:
19

‘अहञ्हि,a·hañ·hi भन्ते,bhan·te अग्गिंag·giṃ आदातुकामो,ā·dā·tu·kā·mo यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेतुकामो।us·sā·pe·tu·kā·mo

‘ahañhi, bhante, aggiṁ ādātukāmo, yūpaṁ ussāpetukāmo.

‘Sir, I want to kindle the sacrificial fire and raise the sacrificial post.
20

ओवदतुo·va·da·tu मं,maṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवा।bha·ga·vā

Ovadatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā.

May the Buddha please advise
21

अनुसासतुa·nu·sā·sa·tu मं,maṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवाbha·ga·vā यंyaṃ ममma·ma अस्सas·sa दीघरत्तंdī·gha·rat·taṃ हितायhi·tā·ya सुखाया’”ति।su·khā·yā

Anusāsatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā yaṁ mama assa dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā’”ti.

and instruct me. It will be for my lasting welfare and happiness.’”
22

अथa·tha खोkho उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

Atha kho uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

Then Uggatasarīra said to the Buddha,
23

“अहञ्हि,a·hañ·hi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अग्गिंag·giṃ आदातुकामोā·dā·tu·kā·mo यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेतुकामो।us·sā·pe·tu·kā·mo

“ahañhi, bho gotama, aggiṁ ādātukāmo yūpaṁ ussāpetukāmo.

“Worthy Gotama, I want to kindle the sacrificial fire and raise the sacrificial post.
24

ओवदतुo·va·da·tu मंmaṃ भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमो।go·ta·mo

Ovadatu maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo.

May the worthy Gotama please advise
25

अनुसासतुa·nu·sā·sa·tu मंmaṃ भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo यंyaṃ ममma·ma अस्सas·sa दीघरत्तंdī·gha·rat·taṃ हितायhi·tā·ya सुखाया”ति।su·khā·yā

Anusāsatu maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo yaṁ mama assa dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.

and instruct me. It will be for my lasting welfare and happiness.”
26

“अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā तीणिtī·ṇi सत्थानिsat·thā·ni उस्सापेतिus·sā·pe·ti अकुसलानिa·ku·sa·lā·ni दुक्खुद्रयानिduk·khud·ra·yā·ni दुक्खविपाकानि।duk·kha·vi·pā·kā·ni

“Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā tīṇi satthāni ussāpeti akusalāni dukkhudrayāni dukkhavipākāni.

“Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post, one raises three unskillful knives which ripen and result in suffering.
27

कतमानिka·ta·mā·ni तीणि?tī·ṇi

Katamāni tīṇi?

What three?
28

कायसत्थं,kā·ya·sat·thaṃ वचीसत्थं,va·cī·sat·thaṃ मनोसत्थं।ma·no·sat·thaṃ

Kāyasatthaṁ, vacīsatthaṁ, manosatthaṁ.

The knives of the body, speech, and mind.
29

अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā एवंe·vaṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ उप्पादेसि:up·pā·de·si

Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā evaṁ cittaṁ uppādesi:

Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one gives rise to the thought:
30

‘एत्तकाet·ta·kā उसभाu·sa·bhā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā वच्छतराvac·cha·ta·rā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā वच्छतरियोvac·cha·ta·ri·yo हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā अजाa·jā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā उरब्भाu·rab·bhā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाया’ति।yañ·ñat·thā·yā

‘ettakā usabhā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatarā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatariyo haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā ajā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā urabbhā haññantu yaññatthāyā’ti.

‘May this many bulls, bullocks, heifers, goats, and rams be slaughtered for the sacrifice!’
31

सोso ‘पुञ्ञंpuñ·ñaṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘कुसलंku·sa·laṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘सुगतियाsu·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसामी’तिpa·ri·ye·sā·mī दुग्गतियाdug·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसति।pa·ri·ye·sa·ti

So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.

Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
32

अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā इदंi·daṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ मनोसत्थंma·no·sat·thaṃ उस्सापेतिus·sā·pe·ti अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ दुक्खुद्रयंduk·khud·ra·yaṃ दुक्खविपाकं।duk·kha·vi·pā·kaṃ

Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ paṭhamaṁ manosatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.

Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one raises this first unskillful mental knife which ripens and results in suffering.
33

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa अग्गिंag·giṃ आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā एवंe·vaṃ वाचंvā·caṃ भासति:bhā·sa·ti

Puna caparaṁ, brāhmaṇa, aggiṁ ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā evaṁ vācaṁ bhāsati:

Furthermore, even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post, one says such things as:
34

‘एत्तकाet·ta·kā उसभाu·sa·bhā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā वच्छतराvac·cha·ta·rā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā वच्छतरियोvac·cha·ta·ri·yo हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā अजाa·jā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya एत्तकाet·ta·kā उरब्भाu·rab·bhā हञ्ञन्तुhañ·ñan·tu यञ्ञत्थाया’ति।yañ·ñat·thā·yā

‘ettakā usabhā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatarā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatariyo haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā ajā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā urabbhā haññantu yaññatthāyā’ti.

‘May this many bulls, bullocks, heifers, goats, and rams be slaughtered for the sacrifice!’
35

सोso ‘पुञ्ञंpuñ·ñaṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘कुसलंku·sa·laṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘सुगतियाsu·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसामी’तिpa·ri·ye·sā·mī दुग्गतियाdug·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसति।pa·ri·ye·sa·ti

So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.

Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
36

अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā इदंi·daṃ दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ वचीसत्थंva·cī·sat·thaṃ उस्सापेतिus·sā·pe·ti अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ दुक्खुद्रयंduk·khud·ra·yaṃ दुक्खविपाकं।duk·kha·vi·pā·kaṃ

Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ dutiyaṁ vacīsatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.

Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one raises this second unskillful verbal knife which ripens and results in suffering.
37

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa अग्गिंag·giṃ आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā सयंsa·yaṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ समारम्भतिsa·mā·ram·bha·ti उसभाu·sa·bhā हन्तुंhan·tuṃ यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya सयंsa·yaṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ समारम्भतिsa·mā·ram·bha·ti वच्छतराvac·cha·ta·rā हन्तुंhan·tuṃ यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya सयंsa·yaṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ समारम्भतिsa·mā·ram·bha·ti वच्छतरियोvac·cha·ta·ri·yo हन्तुंhan·tuṃ यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya सयंsa·yaṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ समारम्भतिsa·mā·ram·bha·ti अजाa·jā हन्तुंhan·tuṃ यञ्ञत्थाय,yañ·ñat·thā·ya सयंsa·yaṃ पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ समारम्भतिsa·mā·ram·bha·ti उरब्भाu·rab·bhā हन्तुंhan·tuṃ यञ्ञत्थाय।yañ·ñat·thā·ya

Puna caparaṁ, brāhmaṇa, aggiṁ ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā sayaṁ paṭhamaṁ samārambhati usabhā hantuṁ yaññatthāya, sayaṁ paṭhamaṁ samārambhati vacchatarā hantuṁ yaññatthāya, sayaṁ paṭhamaṁ samārambhati vacchatariyo hantuṁ yaññatthāya, sayaṁ paṭhamaṁ samārambhati ajā hantuṁ yaññatthāya, sayaṁ paṭhamaṁ samārambhati urabbhā hantuṁ yaññatthāya.

Furthermore, even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one first personally undertakes preparations for the sacrificial slaughter of bulls, bullocks, heifers, goats, and rams.
38

सोso ‘पुञ्ञंpuñ·ñaṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘कुसलंku·sa·laṃ करोमी’तिka·ro·mī अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti ‘सुगतियाsu·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसामी’तिpa·ri·ye·sā·mī दुग्गतियाdug·ga·ti·yā मग्गंmag·gaṃ परियेसति।pa·ri·ye·sa·ti

So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.

Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
39

अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā इदंi·daṃ ततियंta·ti·yaṃ कायसत्थंkā·ya·sat·thaṃ उस्सापेतिus·sā·pe·ti अकुसलंa·ku·sa·laṃ दुक्खुद्रयंduk·khud·ra·yaṃ दुक्खविपाकं।duk·kha·vi·pā·kaṃ

Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ tatiyaṁ kāyasatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.

Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post, one raises this third unskillful bodily knife which ripens and results in suffering.
40

अग्गिं,ag·giṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आदेन्तोā·den·to यूपंyū·paṃ उस्सापेन्तोus·sā·pen·to पुब्बेवpub·be·va यञ्ञाyañ·ñā इमानिi·mā·ni तीणिtī·ṇi सत्थानिsat·thā·ni उस्सापेतिus·sā·pe·ti अकुसलानिa·ku·sa·lā·ni दुक्खुद्रयानिduk·khud·ra·yā·ni दुक्खविपाकानि।duk·kha·vi·pā·kā·ni

Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā imāni tīṇi satthāni ussāpeti akusalāni dukkhudrayāni dukkhavipākāni.

Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post, one raises these three unskillful knives which ripen and result in suffering.
41

तयोमे,ta·yo·me ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa अग्गीag·gī पहातब्बाpa·hā·tab·bā परिवज्जेतब्बा,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bā नna सेवितब्बा।se·vi·tab·bā

Tayome, brāhmaṇa, aggī pahātabbā parivajjetabbā, na sevitabbā.

Brahmin, these three fires should be given up and shunned, not cultivated.
42

कतमेka·ta·me तयो?ta·yo

Katame tayo?

What three?
43

रागग्गि,rā·gag·gi दोसग्गि,do·sag·gi मोहग्गि।mo·hag·gi

Rāgaggi, dosaggi, mohaggi.

The fires of greed, hate, and delusion.
44

कस्माkas·mā चायं,cā·yaṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa रागग्गिrā·gag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो?se·vi·tab·bo

Kasmā cāyaṁ, brāhmaṇa, rāgaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo?

And why should the fire of greed be given up and shunned, not cultivated?
45

रत्तोrat·to खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa रागेनrā·ge·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति।ca·ra·ti

Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.

A greedy person does bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.
46

सोso कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वाca·rit·vā कायस्सkā·yas·sa भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā अपायंa·pā·yaṃ दुग्गतिंdug·ga·tiṃ विनिपातंvi·ni·pā·taṃ निरयंni·ra·yaṃ उपपज्जति।u·pa·paj·ja·ti

So kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.

When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
47

तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ रागग्गिrā·gag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो।se·vi·tab·bo

Tasmāyaṁ rāgaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo.

That’s why the fire of greed should be given up and shunned, not cultivated.
48

कस्माkas·mā चायं,cā·yaṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa दोसग्गिdo·sag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो?se·vi·tab·bo

Kasmā cāyaṁ, brāhmaṇa, dosaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo?

And why should the fire of hate be given up and shunned, not cultivated?
49

दुट्ठोduṭ·ṭho खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa दोसेनdo·se·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति।ca·ra·ti

Duṭṭho kho, brāhmaṇa, dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.

A hateful person does bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.
50

सोso कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वाca·rit·vā कायस्सkā·yas·sa भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā अपायंa·pā·yaṃ दुग्गतिंdug·ga·tiṃ विनिपातंvi·ni·pā·taṃ निरयंni·ra·yaṃ उपपज्जति।u·pa·paj·ja·ti

So kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.

When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
51

तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ दोसग्गिdo·sag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो।se·vi·tab·bo

Tasmāyaṁ dosaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo.

That’s why the fire of hate should be given up and shunned, not cultivated.
52

कस्माkas·mā चायं,cā·yaṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa मोहग्गिmo·hag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो?se·vi·tab·bo

Kasmā cāyaṁ, brāhmaṇa, mohaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo?

And why should the fire of delusion be given up and shunned, not cultivated?
53

मूळ्होmū·ḷho खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa मोहेनmo·he·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति।ca·ra·ti

Mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.

A deluded person does bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.
54

सोso कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वाca·rit·vā कायस्सkā·yas·sa भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā अपायंa·pā·yaṃ दुग्गतिंdug·ga·tiṃ विनिपातंvi·ni·pā·taṃ निरयंni·ra·yaṃ उपपज्जति।u·pa·paj·ja·ti

So kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.

When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
55

तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ मोहग्गिmo·hag·gi पहातब्बोpa·hā·tab·bo परिवज्जेतब्बो,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bo नna सेवितब्बो।se·vi·tab·bo

Tasmāyaṁ mohaggi pahātabbo parivajjetabbo, na sevitabbo.

That’s why the fire of delusion should be given up and shunned, not cultivated.
56

इमेi·me खोkho तयो,ta·yo ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa अग्गीag·gī पहातब्बाpa·hā·tab·bā परिवज्जेतब्बा,pa·ri·vaj·je·tab·bā नna सेवितब्बा।se·vi·tab·bā

Ime kho tayo, brāhmaṇa, aggī pahātabbā parivajjetabbā, na sevitabbā.

These three fires should be given up and shunned, not cultivated.
57

तयोta·yo खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa अग्गीag·gī सक्कत्वाsak·kat·vā गरुंga·ruṃ कत्वाkat·vā मानेत्वाmā·net·vā पूजेत्वाpū·jet·vā सम्माsam·mā सुखंsu·khaṃ परिहातब्बा।pa·ri·hā·tab·bā

Tayo kho, brāhmaṇa, aggī sakkatvā garuṁ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā sammā sukhaṁ parihātabbā.

Brahmin, you should properly and happily take care of three fires, honoring, respecting, esteeming, and venerating them.
58

कतमेka·ta·me तयो?ta·yo

Katame tayo?

What three?
59

आहुनेय्यग्गि,ā·hu·ney·yag·gi गहपतग्गि,ga·ha·pa·tag·gi दक्खिणेय्यग्गि।dak·khi·ṇey·yag·gi

Āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.

The fire of those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods. The fire of a householder. And the fire of those worthy of a religious donation.
60

कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आहुनेय्यग्गि?ā·hu·ney·yag·gi

Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, āhuneyyaggi?

And what is the fire of those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods?
61

इध,i·dha ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa यस्सyas·sa तेte होन्तिhon·ti मातातिmā·tā·ti वाvā पितातिpi·tā·ti वा,vā अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आहुनेय्यग्गि।ā·hu·ney·yag·gi

Idha, brāhmaṇa, yassa te honti mātāti vā pitāti vā, ayaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, āhuneyyaggi.

Your mother and father are called the fire of those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods.
62

तंtaṃ किस्सkis·sa हेतु?he·tu

Taṁ kissa hetu?

Why is that?
63

अतोहयं,a·to·ha·yaṃ ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa आहुतोā·hu·to सम्भूतो,sam·bhū·to तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ आहुनेय्यग्गिā·hu·ney·yag·gi सक्कत्वाsak·kat·vā गरुंga·ruṃ कत्वाkat·vā मानेत्वाmā·net·vā पूजेत्वाpū·jet·vā सम्माsam·mā सुखंsu·khaṃ परिहातब्बो।pa·ri·hā·tab·bo

Atohayaṁ, brāhmaṇa, āhuto sambhūto, tasmāyaṁ āhuneyyaggi sakkatvā garuṁ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā sammā sukhaṁ parihātabbo.

Since it is from them that you’ve been incubated and produced. So you should properly and happily take care of this fire, honoring, respecting, esteeming, and venerating it.
64

कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa गहपतग्गि?ga·ha·pa·tag·gi

Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, gahapataggi?

And what is the fire of a householder?
65

इध,i·dha ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa यस्सyas·sa तेte होन्तिhon·ti पुत्तातिput·tā·ti वाvā दारातिdā·rā·ti वाvā दासातिdā·sā·ti वाvā पेस्सातिpes·sā·ti वाvā कम्मकरातिkam·ma·ka·rā·ti वा,vā अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa गहपतग्गि।ga·ha·pa·tag·gi

Idha, brāhmaṇa, yassa te honti puttāti vā dārāti vā dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā, ayaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, gahapataggi.

Your children, partners, bondservants, servants, and workers are called a householder’s fire.
66

तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ गहपतग्गिga·ha·pa·tag·gi सक्कत्वाsak·kat·vā गरुंga·ruṃ कत्वाkat·vā मानेत्वाmā·net·vā पूजेत्वाpū·jet·vā सम्माsam·mā सुखंsu·khaṃ परिहातब्बो।pa·ri·hā·tab·bo

Tasmāyaṁ gahapataggi sakkatvā garuṁ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā sammā sukhaṁ parihātabbo.

So you should properly and happily take care of this fire, honoring, respecting, esteeming, and venerating it.
67

कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa दक्खिणेय्यग्गि?dak·khi·ṇey·yag·gi

Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, dakkhiṇeyyaggi?

And what is the fire of those worthy of a religious donation?
68

इध,i·dha ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa येye तेte समणब्राह्मणाsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇā परप्पवादाpa·rap·pa·vā·dā पटिविरताpa·ṭi·vi·ra·tā खन्तिसोरच्चेkhan·ti·so·rac·ce निविट्ठाni·viṭ·ṭhā एकमत्तानंe·ka·mat·tā·naṃ दमेन्ति,da·men·ti एकमत्तानंe·ka·mat·tā·naṃ समेन्ति,sa·men·ti एकमत्तानंe·ka·mat·tā·naṃ परिनिब्बापेन्ति,pa·ri·nib·bā·pen·ti अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa दक्खिणेय्यग्गि।dak·khi·ṇey·yag·gi

Idha, brāhmaṇa, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā parappavādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṁ damenti, ekamattānaṁ samenti, ekamattānaṁ parinibbāpenti, ayaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.

The ascetics and brahmins who refrain from intoxication and negligence, are settled in patience and gentleness, and who tame, calm, and extinguish themselves are called the fire of those worthy of a religious donation.
69

तस्मायंtas·mā·yaṃ दक्खिणेय्यग्गिdak·khi·ṇey·yag·gi सक्कत्वाsak·kat·vā गरुंga·ruṃ कत्वाkat·vā मानेत्वाmā·net·vā पूजेत्वाpū·jet·vā सम्माsam·mā सुखंsu·khaṃ परिहातब्बो।pa·ri·hā·tab·bo

Tasmāyaṁ dakkhiṇeyyaggi sakkatvā garuṁ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā sammā sukhaṁ parihātabbo.

So you should properly and happily take care of this fire, honoring, respecting, esteeming, and venerating it.
70

इमेi·me खो,kho ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa तयोta·yo अग्गीag·gī सक्कत्वाsak·kat·vā गरुंga·ruṃ कत्वाkat·vā मानेत्वाmā·net·vā पूजेत्वाpū·jet·vā सम्माsam·mā सुखंsu·khaṃ परिहातब्बा।pa·ri·hā·tab·bā

Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, tayo aggī sakkatvā garuṁ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā sammā sukhaṁ parihātabbā.

You should properly and happily take care of these three fires, honoring, respecting, esteeming, and venerating them.
71

अयंa·yaṃ खोkho पन,pa·na ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa कट्ठग्गिkaṭ·ṭhag·gi कालेनkā·le·na कालंkā·laṃ उज्जलेतब्बो,uj·ja·le·tab·bo कालेनkā·le·na कालंkā·laṃ अज्झुपेक्खितब्बो,aj·jhu·pek·khi·tab·bo कालेनkā·le·na कालंkā·laṃ निब्बापेतब्बो,nib·bā·pe·tab·bo कालेनkā·le·na कालंkā·laṃ निक्खिपितब्बो”ति।nik·khi·pi·tab·bo

Ayaṁ kho pana, brāhmaṇa, kaṭṭhaggi kālena kālaṁ ujjaletabbo, kālena kālaṁ ajjhupekkhitabbo, kālena kālaṁ nibbāpetabbo, kālena kālaṁ nikkhipitabbo”ti.

But the wood fire, brahmin, should, from time to time, be fanned, watched over with equanimity, extinguished, or put aside.”
72

एवंe·vaṃ वुत्ते,vut·te उग्गतसरीरोug·ga·ta·sa·rī·ro ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

Evaṁ vutte, uggatasarīro brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

When he said this, the brahmin Uggatasarīra said to the Buddha,
73

“अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho गोतमgo·ta·ma …पे…pe

“abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama …pe…

“Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent! …
74

उपासकंu·pā·sa·kaṃ मंmaṃ भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo धारेतुdhā·re·tu अज्जतग्गेaj·ja·tag·ge पाणुपेतंpā·ṇu·pe·taṃ सरणंsa·ra·ṇaṃ गतन्ति।ga·tan·ti

upāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gatanti.

From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.
75

एसाहं,e·sā·haṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma पञ्चpañ·ca उसभसतानिu·sa·bha·sa·tā·ni मुञ्चामिmuñ·cā·mi जीवितंjī·vi·taṃ देमि,de·mi पञ्चpañ·ca वच्छतरसतानिvac·cha·ta·ra·sa·tā·ni मुञ्चामिmuñ·cā·mi जीवितंjī·vi·taṃ देमि,de·mi पञ्चpañ·ca वच्छतरिसतानिvac·cha·ta·ri·sa·tā·ni मुञ्चामिmuñ·cā·mi जीवितंjī·vi·taṃ देमि,de·mi पञ्चpañ·ca अजसतानिa·ja·sa·tā·ni मुञ्चामिmuñ·cā·mi जीवितंjī·vi·taṃ देमि,de·mi पञ्चpañ·ca उरब्भसतानिu·rab·bha·sa·tā·ni मुञ्चामिmuñ·cā·mi जीवितंjī·vi·taṃ देमि।de·mi

Esāhaṁ, bho gotama, pañca usabhasatāni muñcāmi jīvitaṁ demi, pañca vacchatarasatāni muñcāmi jīvitaṁ demi, pañca vacchatarisatāni muñcāmi jīvitaṁ demi, pañca ajasatāni muñcāmi jīvitaṁ demi, pañca urabbhasatāni muñcāmi jīvitaṁ demi.

Worthy Gotama, I now set free these five hundred bulls, five hundred bullocks, five hundred heifers, five hundred goats, and five hundred rams. I give them life!
76

हरितानिha·ri·tā·ni चेवce·va तिणानिti·ṇā·ni खादन्तु,khā·dan·tu सीतानिsī·tā·ni चca पानीयानिpā·nī·yā·ni पिवन्तु,pi·van·tu सीतोsī·to चca नेसंne·saṃ वातोvā·to उपवायतन्”ति।u·pa·vā·ya·tan

Haritāni ceva tiṇāni khādantu, sītāni ca pānīyāni pivantu, sīto ca nesaṁ vāto upavāyatan”ti.

May they eat grass and drink cool water and enjoy a cool breeze!”
77

चतुत्थं।ca·tut·thaṃ

Catutthaṁ.

(Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.