Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

crumb

/kɹʌm/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms crumbs crumbing crumbed crimb crum

  1. noun A small piece which breaks off from baked food (such as cake, biscuit or bread). “The pigeons were happily pecking at crumbs of bread on the ground.”
  2. noun A small piece of any other solid substance.
  3. noun (figuratively) A bit, small amount. “a crumb of comfort”
  4. noun The soft internal portion of bread, surrounded by crust.
  5. noun A mixture of sugar, cocoa and milk, used to make industrial chocolate.
  6. noun (slang) A nobody; a worthless person.
  7. noun (slang) A body louse (Pediculus humanus).
  8. verb (transitive) To cover with crumbs.
  9. verb (transitive) To break into crumbs or small pieces with the fingers; to crumble.
  10. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

crumbling crumblet chip bit chunk tranche clip cutting flake fleak fragment hunk lump mammock ort piece piecemeal portion scrap scraplet rotter dirty dog rat skunk stinker stinkpot bum puke lowlife scum bag

Etymology

From Middle English crome, cromme, crumme, crume, from Old English cruma (“crumb, fragment”), from Proto-Germanic *krumô, *krūmô (“fragment, crumb”). The b is unetymological, as in limb, and first appeared in the mid-15th century, influenced by crumble and words such as dumb, numb, and thumb. Cognate with Dutch kruim (“crumb”), Low German Krome, Krume (“crumb”), German Krume (“crumb”), Danish krumme (“crumb”), Swedish dialectal krumma (“crumb”), Swedish in kråm (“crumbs, giblets”), Icelandic krumur (“crumb”), Latin grūmus (“a little heap”).

English, Scottish, and Irish surname, spelling variant of Crum.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A small fragment or piece; especially, a small piece of bread or other food, broken or cut off. Desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man's table. Luke xvi. 21.
  2. noun Fig.: A little; a bit; as, a crumb of comfort.
  3. verb To break into crumbs or small pieces with the fingers; as, to crumb bread. [Written also crum.]

Etymology [AS. cruma, akin to D. kruim, G. krume; cf. G. krauen to scratch, claw.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “crumb”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details