Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

denizen

UK /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ · US /ˈdɛn ə zən/ noun, verb

Forms denizens denizening denizened

  1. noun An inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in a certain place. “The giant squid is one of many denizens of the deep.”
  2. noun One who frequents a place. “The denizens of that pub are of the roughest sort.”
  3. noun (UK, historical) A person with rights between those of naturalized citizen and resident alien (roughly permanent resident), obtained through letters patent. “Though born in Iceland, he became a denizen of Britain after leaving Oxford.”
  4. noun (biology) An animal or plant from a particular range or habitat. “The bald eagle is a denizen of the northern part of the state.”
  5. noun (linguistics) A foreign word that has become naturalised in another language in terms of use, but not in terms of form.
  6. verb (transitive, UK, historical) To grant rights of citizenship to; to naturalize. “He was denizened to Ireland after fleeing his home country.”
  7. verb (transitive) To provide with denizens; to populate with adopted or naturalized occupants.

Synonyms

dweller inhabitant native resident regular habitué habitant indweller

Etymology

From Middle English denisein, from Old French denzein, from deinz (“within”) + -ein, from Late Latin dē intus (“from within”), whence French dans.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A dweller; an inhabitant. "Denizens of air." Pope.
  2. noun One who is admitted by favor to all or a part of the rights of citizenship, where he did not possess them by birth; an adopted or naturalized citizen.
  3. verb To constitute (one) a denizen; to admit to residence, with certain rights and privileges.
  4. verb To provide with denizens; to populate with adopted or naturalized occupants.

Etymology [OF. denzein, deinzein, prop., one living (a city or country); opposed to forain foreign, and fr. denz within, F. dans, fr. L. de intus, prop., from within, intus being from in in. See In, and cf. Foreign.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “denizen”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details