Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

supernumerary

UK /ˌsuːpəˈnjuːm(ə)ɹ(ə)ɹi/ · US /ˌsupɚˈn(j)uməˌɹɛɹi/ noun, adjective

Forms supernumeraries

  1. noun A person who works in a group, association, or public office without forming part of the regular staff (the numerary). “The judge was a supernumerary, helping the regular judges whenever there was a surplus amount of work.”
  2. noun (film, theater) An extra or walk-on, often non-speaking, in a film or play; a spear carrier.
  3. noun Something which is beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number.
  4. noun (zoology) An animal which has not formed a pair bond and is therefore single.
  5. noun (Roman Catholicism) A married man or woman who is a secular member of Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic religious institution.
  6. adjective Greater in number than.
  7. adjective Beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number; excess, extra.
  8. adjective (biology, specifically) Of an organ or structure: additional to what is normally present. “a supernumerary nipple; a supernumerary tooth”
  9. adjective Beyond what is necessary; redundant.

Synonyms

supe super epactal supranumerary superfluous unnecessary unneeded unwanted spear carrier extra excess redundant spare supererogatory surplus

Etymology

From Late Latin supernumerarius (“extra soldier added to a legion; supernumerary”), from super (“above; beyond”) + numerus (“number; collection, quantity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns or numerals). The word is analysable as super- + numeral + -ary.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as, a supernumerary officer in a regiment.
  2. adjective Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required number or quality; superfluous; as, supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.
  3. noun A person or thing beyond the number stated.
  4. noun A person or thing beyond what is necessary or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to appear in a stage spectacle.

Etymology [L. supernumerarius: cf. OF. supernuméraire, F. surnuméraire. See Super-, and Numerary, Number.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “supernumerary”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “supernumerary” (best matches first).