Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

carbon

UK /ˈkɑːbən/ · US /ˈkɑɹ.bən/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms carbons carboning carboned carbone

  1. noun (chemistry, uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material. “All life as we know it has carbon as the backbone of many of its molecules; carbon’s tetravalence gives it special importance in biochemical molecular bonds.”
  2. noun (countable) An atom of this element, in reference to a molecule containing it. “A methane molecule is made up of a single carbon with four hydrogens.”
  3. noun (countable, informal) A sheet of carbon paper.
  4. noun (countable, informal) A carbon copy. “Please provide me with a carbon of your form.”
  5. noun A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal.
  6. noun Soot. “Every morning she cleaned the carbon from the lamp chimneys.”
  7. noun Especially, hardened soot as a caked-on deposit. “When you overhaul an engine, you need to remove the carbon from around the valve seats. The carbon buildup can be extensive.”
  8. noun A carbon rod or pencil used in an arc lamp.
  9. verb (Internet, transitive, uncommon) To send a carbon copy of an email message to. “When I send it, I’ll carbon Julia so she’s aware.”
  10. proper noun A surname.
  11. proper noun A village in Kneehill County, Alberta, Canada.
  12. proper noun A town in Van Buren Township, Clay County, Indiana.
  13. proper noun A minor city and coal town in Douglas Township, Adams County, Iowa.
  14. proper noun An unincorporated community and coal town in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.
  15. proper noun A town in Eastland County, Texas.

Synonyms

cc copy C atomic number 6 carbon paper carbon copy

Etymology

Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, accord

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “carbon”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details