Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

beforehand

UK /bɪˈfɔːhænd/ · US /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/ adverb, adjective

Forms before-hand

  1. adverb At an earlier or preceding time. “Will it be possible to have access to the room beforehand so that we can set up chairs?”
  2. adjective (obsolete) In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded.
  3. adjective (archaic, often followed by with) In a state of anticipation or preoccupation.

Synonyms

in advance upfront prehand advance ahead

Antonyms

afterwards afterhand

Etymology

From Middle English biforhand, biforhond, beforehonde, bifornhand, equivalent to before + hand. [13th century. After Old French avant main].

Webster’s 1913

  1. adverb In a state of anticipation ore preoccupation; in advance; --often followed by with.
  2. adverb By way of preparation, or preliminary; previously; aforetime.
  3. adjective In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded.

Etymology [Before + hand.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “beforehand”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “beforehand” (best matches first).