Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iː	see	ɪ	sit	e / ɛ	bed	æ	cat
ɑː	father	ɒ	hot (UK)	ɔː	law	ʊ	put
uː	too	ʌ	cup	ɜː	bird	ə	about
eɪ	day	aɪ	my	ɔɪ	boy	aʊ	now
əʊ / oʊ	go (UK / US)	ɪə	near	eə	hair	ʊə	tour

Consonants that look unusual

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

therefore

UK /ˈðɛə.fɔː/ · US /ˈðɛɹ.fɔɹ/ adverb

adverb (conjunctive) Consequently, by or in consequence of that or this cause; referring to something previously stated. “Traditional values will always have a place—therefore, they will never lose relevance.”
adverb (conjunctive, archaic) For that; for it (in reference to a previous statement).

Synonyms

so thus to that end to this end hence then accordingly as a result it follows that thereby eo ipso ∴ as such consequently ergo in consequence in that case pursuantly subsequently thence

Antonyms

nevertheless to that end to this end

Etymology

From Middle English therfore, therfor, tharfore, thorfore; synchronically a univerbation of there (pronominal adverb) + for, literally “for that (reason)”. The spelling has been changed due to a reanalysis as there + fore (literally “forward from that; thence”). See also therefor, ultimately the same formation.
Compare Saterland Frisian deerfoar, Dutch daarvoor, German dafür, Danish and Norwegian derfor, Swedish därför.

Webster’s 1913

conjunction For that or this reason, referring to something previously stated; for that.
conjunction Consequently; by consequence.

Etymology [OE. therfore. See There, and Fore, adv., For, and cf. Therefor.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “therefore”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “therefore” (best matches first).

अथो atho now; likewise; next; therefore.
उपगोह्य upa-gohya a kind of fire considered as impure (and therefore to be hidden).
धेनुष्यित dhenuṣyita one who has pledged the milk of his cows and therefore cannot make use of it himself.
तस्मात् tasmāt (abl. of the pronom. base 2. ta ), from that, on that account, therefore, (correlative to yasmāt and yad. )
अध adha or adhā, ind., Vedic (much the same as atha, used chiefly as an inceptive particle), now; then, therefore; m…
अनागम an-āgama non-arrival, non-attainment; ( as, ā, am ), not come, not present; (in law) not constituting an accession to…
सौदायिक saudāyika that which is given to a woman at her marriage by her father or mother or any relative and which therefore b…
उच्छिष्ट uc-chiṣṭa left, rejected, stale; having the remains of food on the mouth or hands, one who has not washed his hands an…

All 50 Sanskrit matches →