Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

external

UK /ɪkˈstɜː.nəl/ · US /ɛkˈstɜɹ.nəl/ adjective, noun

Forms externals externall

  1. adjective Outside of something; on the exterior. “This building has some external pipework.”
  2. adjective (anatomy) Situated near or toward the surface of the body.
  3. adjective (pharmacology, relational) Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body.
  4. adjective Having merely the outward appearance of something.
  5. adjective Not intrinsic or essential.
  6. adjective Provided by something or someone outside of the entity (object, group, company etc.) considered. “external authority, external force”
  7. adjective Relating to or connected with foreign nations or institutions. “external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom”
  8. adjective Having existence independent of the mind. “external reality”
  9. noun Inessential or superficial features.
  10. noun Outward appearance.
  11. noun (programming, in the C language) A variable that is defined in the source code but whose value comes from some external source.

Synonyms

superficial accidental accompanying adscititious extraneous extrinsic foreign peripheral outside international

Antonyms

internal

Etymology

From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Outward; exterior; relating to the outside, as of a body; being without; acting from without; --opposed to internal; as, the external form or surface of a body.
  2. adjective Outside of or separate from ourselves; (Metaph.) separate from the perceiving mind.
  3. noun Something external or without; outward part; that which makes a show, rather than that which is intrinsic; visible form; --usually in the plural.

Etymology [L. externus, fr. exter, exterus, on the outside, outward. See Exterior.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “external”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “external” (best matches first).

All 75 Sanskrit matches →