Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

“suborned” is a form of

suborn

/səˈbɔːn/ verb

Forms suborns suborning suborned subornest subornedst suborneth

  1. verb (also figuratively) To induce (someone) to commit an unlawful or malicious act, especially in a corrupt manner.
  2. verb (specifically, criminal law) To induce (someone, such as a witness) to commit perjury, for example by making a false accusation or giving false evidence.
  3. verb To achieve (some result; specifically, perjury) in a corrupt manner.
  4. verb To procure or provide (something) secretly and often in a dishonest manner.
  5. verb To make use of (something), especially for corrupt or dishonest reasons.
  6. verb To aid, assist, or support (something).
  7. verb To furnish or provide (something).
  8. verb To substitute (a thing) for something else, especially secretly and often in a dishonest manner.

Synonyms

debauch lead astray seduce adulterate corrupt demoralize detort file immoralize pervert pollute preposterate sophisticate subvert tamper unmoralize vitiate warp

Etymology

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman suburner, subhorner, and Middle French suborner, subourner (“to induce (someone) to commit a crime (specifically perjury) or wrongdoing”) (modern French suborner (“to suborn; to bribe”)), and from its etymon Latin subōrnāre, the present active infinitive of subōrnō (“to incite, instigate, suborn; to instruct one for a secret purpose; to adorn, dress; to equip, furnish, provide; to make one appear as (something)”), from sub- (prefix meaning ‘under’) + ōrnō (“to equip, furnish, provide; to adorn, decorate, ornament”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to put together, fit; to fix; to slot”)).
* Old Occitan subornar, sobornar
* Spanish subornar (obsolete), sobornar

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to perjury, such oath being actually taken. Sir W. O. Russell.
  2. verb To procure privately, or by collusion; to procure by indirect means; to incite secretly; to instigate.

Etymology [F. suborner, L. subornare; sub under, secretly + ornare to furnish, provide, equip, adorn. See Ornament.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “suborn”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details