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Nuns’ Rules Analysis 43 भिक्खुनीविभङ्ग 43

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30. Kathinuddhārasikkhāpada

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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1

थेरवादthe·ra·vā·da विनयvi·na·ya

Theravāda Vinaya

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
2

भिक्खुनिविभङ्गbhik·khu·ni·vi·bhaṅ·ga

Bhikkhunivibhaṅga

The Nuns’ Analysis
3

पाचित्तियकण्डpā·cit·ti·ya·kaṇ·ḍa

Pācittiyakaṇḍa

The chapter on offenses entailing confession
4

नग्गवग्गnag·ga·vag·ga

Naggavagga

The subchapter on nakedness
5

30। कथिनुद्धारसिक्खापदka·thi·nud·dhā·ra·sik·khā·pa·da

30. Kathinuddhārasikkhāpada

Blocking the ending of the robe season
6

Origin story
7

तेनte·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na बुद्धोbud·dho भगवाbha·ga·vā सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti जेतवनेje·ta·va·ne अनाथपिण्डिकस्सa·nā·tha·piṇ·ḍi·kas·sa आरामे।ā·rā·me

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.
8

तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na अञ्ञतरेनañ·ña·ta·re·na उपासकेनu·pā·sa·ke·na सङ्घंsaṅ·ghaṃ उद्दिस्सud·dis·sa विहारोvi·hā·ro कारापितोkā·rā·pi·to होति।ho·ti

Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena upāsakena saṅghaṁ uddissa vihāro kārāpito hoti.

At that time a lay follower had built a dwelling for the Sangha.
9

सोso तस्सtas·sa विहारस्सvi·hā·ras·sa महेma·he उभतोसङ्घस्सu·bha·to·saṅ·ghas·sa अकालचीवरंa·kā·la·cī·va·raṃ दातुकामोdā·tu·kā·mo होति।ho·ti

So tassa vihārassa mahe ubhatosaṅghassa akālacīvaraṁ dātukāmo hoti.

He wanted to give out-of-season robe-cloth to both Sanghas at the presentation ceremony for that dwelling,
10

तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na उभतोसङ्घस्सu·bha·to·saṅ·ghas·sa कथिनंka·thi·naṃ अत्थतंat·tha·taṃ होति।ho·ti

Tena kho pana samayena ubhatosaṅghassa kathinaṁ atthataṁ hoti.

but both Sanghas had already performed the robe-making ceremony.
11

अथa·tha खोkho सोso उपासकोu·pā·sa·ko सङ्घंsaṅ·ghaṃ उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ याचि।yā·ci

Atha kho so upāsako saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā kathinuddhāraṁ yāci.

That lay follower then went to the Sangha and asked it to make an end of the robe season.
12

भगवतोbha·ga·va·to एतमत्थंe·ta·mat·thaṃ आरोचेसुं।ā·ro·ce·suṃ

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

They told the Buddha.
13

अथa·tha खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā एतस्मिंe·tas·miṃ निदानेni·dā·ne एतस्मिंe·tas·miṃ पकरणेpa·ka·ra·ṇe धम्मिंdham·miṃ कथंka·thaṃ कत्वाkat·vā भिक्खूbhik·khū आमन्तेसि—ā·man·te·si

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
14

“अनुजानामि,a·nu·jā·nā·mi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कथिनंka·thi·naṃ उद्धरितुं।ud·dha·ri·tuṃ

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kathinaṁ uddharituṁ.

“Monks, I allow you to end the robe season.
15

एवञ्चe·vañ·ca पनpa·na भिक्खवेbhik·kha·ve कथिनंka·thi·naṃ उद्धरितब्बं।ud·dha·ri·tab·baṃ

Evañca pana bhikkhave kathinaṁ uddharitabbaṁ.

And it should be done like this.
16

ब्यत्तेनbyat·te·na भिक्खुनाbhik·khu·nā पटिबलेनpa·ṭi·ba·le·na सङ्घोsaṅ·gho ञापेतब्बो—ñā·pe·tab·bo

Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

A competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha:
17

‘सुणातुsu·ṇā·tu मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te सङ्घो।saṅ·gho

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.

‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
18

यदिya·di सङ्घस्सsaṅ·ghas·sa पत्तकल्लं,pat·ta·kal·laṃ सङ्घोsaṅ·gho कथिनंka·thi·naṃ उद्धरेय्य।ud·dha·rey·ya

Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho kathinaṁ uddhareyya.

If the Sangha is ready, it should end the robe season.
19

एसाe·sā ञत्ति।ñat·ti

Esā ñatti.

This is the motion.
20

सुणातुsu·ṇā·tu मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te सङ्घो।saṅ·gho

Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.

Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
21

सङ्घोsaṅ·gho कथिनंka·thi·naṃ उद्धरति।ud·dha·ra·ti

Saṅgho kathinaṁ uddharati.

The Sangha ends the robe season.
22

यस्सायस्मतोyas·sā·yas·ma·to खमतिkha·ma·ti कथिनस्सka·thi·nas·sa उद्धारो,ud·dhā·ro सोso तुण्हस्स;tuṇ·has·sa

Yassāyasmato khamati kathinassa uddhāro, so tuṇhassa;

Any monk who approves of ending the robe season should remain silent.
23

यस्सyas·sa नक्खमति,nak·kha·ma·ti सोso भासेय्य।bhā·sey·ya

yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up.
24

उब्भतंub·bha·taṃ सङ्घेनsaṅ·ghe·na कथिनं,ka·thi·naṃ खमतिkha·ma·ti सङ्घस्स,saṅ·ghas·sa तस्माtas·mā तुण्ही,tuṇ·hī एवमेतंe·va·me·taṃ धारयामी’”ति।dhā·ra·yā·mī

Ubbhataṁ saṅghena kathinaṁ, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.

The Sangha has made an end of the robe season. The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I will remember it thus.’”
25

अथa·tha खोkho सोso उपासकोu·pā·sa·ko भिक्खुनिसङ्घंbhik·khu·ni·saṅ·ghaṃ उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ याचि।yā·ci

Atha kho so upāsako bhikkhunisaṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā kathinuddhāraṁ yāci.

That lay follower then went to the Sangha of nuns and asked them to end the robe season.
26

थुल्लनन्दाthul·la·nan·dā भिक्खुनी—bhik·khu·nī

Thullanandā bhikkhunī—

(Pāli only)
27

“चीवरंcī·va·raṃ अम्हाकंam·hā·kaṃ भविस्सती”तिbha·vis·sa·tī कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ पटिबाहि।pa·ṭi·bā·hi

“cīvaraṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatī”ti kathinuddhāraṁ paṭibāhi.

But the nun Thullanandā, aiming to get robe-cloth for herself, blocked the Sangha from doing it.
28

अथa·tha खोkho सोso उपासकोu·pā·sa·ko उज्झायतिuj·jhā·ya·ti खिय्यतिkhiy·ya·ti विपाचेति—vi·pā·ce·ti

Atha kho so upāsako ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—

That lay follower complained and criticized them,
29

“कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma भिक्खुनियोbhik·khu·ni·yo अम्हाकंam·hā·kaṃ कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ नna दस्सन्ती”ति।das·san·tī

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo amhākaṁ kathinuddhāraṁ na dassantī”ti.

“How could the nuns not end the robe season for us?”
30

अस्सोसुंas·so·suṃ खोkho भिक्खुनियोbhik·khu·ni·yo तस्सtas·sa उपासकस्सu·pā·sa·kas·sa उज्झायन्तस्सuj·jhā·yan·tas·sa खिय्यन्तस्सkhiy·yan·tas·sa विपाचेन्तस्स।vi·pā·cen·tas·sa

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa upāsakassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa.

The nuns heard the complaints of that lay follower.
31

याyā ताtā भिक्खुनियोbhik·khu·ni·yo अप्पिच्छाap·pic·chā …पे…pe ताtā उज्झायन्तिuj·jhā·yan·ti खिय्यन्तिkhiy·yan·ti विपाचेन्ति—vi·pā·cen·ti

Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—

The nuns of few desires complained and criticized her,
32

“कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma अय्याay·yā थुल्लनन्दाthul·la·nan·dā धम्मिकंdham·mi·kaṃ कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ पटिबाहिस्सती”तिpa·ṭi·bā·his·sa·tī …पे…pe

“kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dhammikaṁ kathinuddhāraṁ paṭibāhissatī”ti …pe…

“How could Venerable Thullanandā block a legitimate ending of the robe season?” …
33

“सच्चंsac·caṃ किर,ki·ra भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve थुल्लनन्दाthul·la·nan·dā भिक्खुनीbhik·khu·nī धम्मिकंdham·mi·kaṃ कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ पटिबाहती”ति?pa·ṭi·bā·ha·tī

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṁ kathinuddhāraṁ paṭibāhatī”ti?

“Is it true, monks, that the nun Thullanandā did this?”
34

“सच्चं,sac·caṃ भगवा”ति।bha·ga·vā

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

“It’s true, sir.”
35

विगरहिvi·ga·ra·hi बुद्धोbud·dho भगवाbha·ga·vā …पे…pe

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…

The Buddha rebuked her …
36

कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नाम,nā·ma भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve थुल्लनन्दाthul·la·nan·dā भिक्खुनीbhik·khu·nī धम्मिकंdham·mi·kaṃ कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ पटिबाहिस्सति।pa·ṭi·bā·his·sa·ti

kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṁ kathinuddhāraṁ paṭibāhissati.

“How could the nun Thullanandā do this?
37

नेतं,ne·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अप्पसन्नानंap·pa·san·nā·naṃ वाvā पसादायpa·sā·dā·ya …पे…pe

Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…

This will affect people’s confidence …” …
38

एवञ्चe·vañ·ca पन,pa·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनियोbhik·khu·ni·yo इमंi·maṃ सिक्खापदंsik·khā·pa·daṃ उद्दिसन्तु—ud·di·san·tu

evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—

“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
39

Final ruling
40

“याyā पनpa·na भिक्खुनीbhik·khu·nī धम्मिकंdham·mi·kaṃ कथिनुद्धारंka·thi·nud·dhā·raṃ पटिबाहेय्य,pa·ṭi·bā·hey·ya पाचित्तियन्”ति।pā·cit·ti·yan

“Yā pana bhikkhunī dhammikaṁ kathinuddhāraṁ paṭibāheyya, pācittiyan”ti.

‘If a nun blocks a legitimate ending of the robe season, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
41

Definitions
42

याyā पनातिpa·nā·ti

Yā panāti

A:
43

याyā यादिसाyā·di·sā …पे…pe

yā yādisā …pe…

whoever …
44

भिक्खुनीतिbhik·khu·nī·ti

bhikkhunīti

Nun:
45

…पे…pe अयंa·yaṃ इमस्मिंi·mas·miṃ अत्थेat·the अधिप्पेताa·dhip·pe·tā भिक्खुनीति।bhik·khu·nī·ti

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.

… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
46

धम्मिकोdham·mi·ko नामnā·ma कथिनुद्धारोka·thi·nud·dhā·ro

Dhammiko nāma kathinuddhāro

A legitimate ending of the robe season:
47

समग्गोsa·mag·go भिक्खुनिसङ्घोbhik·khu·ni·saṅ·gho सन्निपतित्वाsan·ni·pa·tit·vā उद्धरति।ud·dha·ra·ti

samaggo bhikkhunisaṅgho sannipatitvā uddharati.

a unanimous Sangha of nuns brings it to an end.
48

पटिबाहेय्यातिpa·ṭi·bā·hey·yā·ti

Paṭibāheyyāti

Blocks:
49

“कथंka·thaṃ इदंi·daṃ कथिनंka·thi·naṃ नna उद्धरेय्या”तिud·dha·rey·yā पटिबाहति,pa·ṭi·bā·ha·ti आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

“kathaṁ idaṁ kathinaṁ na uddhareyyā”ti paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

if she blocks it with the thought, “What can be done so that the robe season doesn’t end?”, she commits an offense entailing confession.
50

Permutations
51

धम्मिकेdham·mi·ke धम्मिकसञ्ञाdham·mi·ka·sañ·ñā पटिबाहति,pa·ṭi·bā·ha·ti आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

Dhammike dhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, and she blocks it, she commits an offense entailing confession.
52

धम्मिकेdham·mi·ke वेमतिकाve·ma·ti·kā पटिबाहति,pa·ṭi·bā·ha·ti आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

Dhammike vematikā paṭibāhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she blocks it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
53

धम्मिकेdham·mi·ke अधम्मिकसञ्ञाa·dham·mi·ka·sañ·ñā पटिबाहति,pa·ṭi·bā·ha·ti अनापत्ति।a·nā·pat·ti

Dhammike adhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, anāpatti.

If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she blocks it, there is no offense.
54

अधम्मिकेa·dham·mi·ke धम्मिकसञ्ञा,dham·mi·ka·sañ·ñā आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

Adhammike dhammikasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
55

अधम्मिकेa·dham·mi·ke वेमतिका,ve·ma·ti·kā आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

Adhammike vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
56

अधम्मिकेa·dham·mi·ke अधम्मिकसञ्ञा,a·dham·mi·ka·sañ·ñā अनापत्ति।a·nā·pat·ti

Adhammike adhammikasaññā, anāpatti.

If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, there is no offense.
57

Non-offenses
58

अनापत्ति—a·nā·pat·ti

Anāpatti—

There is no offense:
59

आनिसंसंā·ni·saṃ·saṃ दस्सेत्वाdas·set·vā पटिबाहति,pa·ṭi·bā·ha·ti

ānisaṁsaṁ dassetvā paṭibāhati,

if she can show a benefit in blocking it;
60

उम्मत्तिकाय,um·mat·ti·kā·ya

ummattikāya,

if she is insane;
61

आदिकम्मिकायाति।ā·di·kam·mi·kā·yā·ti

ādikammikāyāti.

if she is the first offender.
62

दसमसिक्खापदंda·sa·ma·sik·khā·pa·daṃ निट्ठितं।niṭ·ṭhi·taṃ

Dasamasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.

The tenth training rule is finished.
63

नग्गवग्गोnag·ga·vag·go ततियो।ta·ti·yo

Naggavaggo tatiyo.

The third subchapter on nakedness is finished.

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.