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Questions of King Milinda 90 मिलिन्दपञ्ह 90

Chapter: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248

1. Aṭṭhamantaparivajjanīyaṭṭhāna

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary. There is no free English translation of this book, so it is shown in Pāli only.

Verse: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748 · Hide pronunciation

1. 1

   मिलिन्दपञ्हmi·lin·da·pañ·ha

   Milindapañha

2. 2

   मेण्डकपञ्हारम्भकथाmeṇ·ḍa·ka·pañ·hā·ram·bha·ka·thā

   Meṇḍakapañhārambhakathā

3. 3

   उपासकगुणवग्गu·pā·sa·ka·gu·ṇa·vag·ga

   Upāsakaguṇavagga

4. 4

   1। अट्ठमन्तपरिवज्जनीयट्ठानaṭ·ṭha·man·ta·pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṭ·ṭhā·na

   1. Aṭṭhamantaparivajjanīyaṭṭhāna

5. 5

   भस्सप्पवादोbhas·sap·pa·vā·do वेतण्डी,ve·taṇ·ḍī

   Bhassappavādo vetaṇḍī,

   (Pāli only)

6. 6

   अतिबुद्धिa·ti·bud·dhi विचक्खणो;vi·cak·kha·ṇo

   atibuddhi vicakkhaṇo;

   (Pāli only)

7. 7

   मिलिन्दोmi·lin·do ञाणभेदाय,ñā·ṇa·bhe·dā·ya

   Milindo ñāṇabhedāya,

   (Pāli only)

8. 8

   नागसेनमुपागमि।nā·ga·se·na·mu·pā·ga·mi

   nāgasenamupāgami.

   (Pāli only)

9. 9

   वसन्तोva·san·to तस्सtas·sa छायाय,chā·yā·ya

   Vasanto tassa chāyāya,

   (Pāli only)

10. 10

    परिपुच्छंpa·ri·puc·chaṃ पुनप्पुनं;pu·nap·pu·naṃ

    paripucchaṁ punappunaṁ;

    (Pāli only)

11. 11

    पभिन्नबुद्धिpa·bhin·na·bud·dhi हुत्वान,hut·vā·na

    Pabhinnabuddhi hutvāna,

    (Pāli only)

12. 12

    सोपिso·pi आसिā·si तिपेटको।ti·pe·ṭa·ko

    sopi āsi tipeṭako.

    (Pāli only)

13. 13

    नवङ्गंna·vaṅ·gaṃ अनुमज्जन्तो,a·nu·maj·jan·to

    Navaṅgaṁ anumajjanto,

    (Pāli only)

14. 14

    रत्तिभागेrat·ti·bhā·ge रहोगतो;ra·ho·ga·to

    rattibhāge rahogato;

    (Pāli only)

15. 15

    अद्दक्खिad·dak·khi मेण्डकेmeṇ·ḍa·ke पञ्हे,pañ·he

    Addakkhi meṇḍake pañhe,

    (Pāli only)

16. 16

    दुन्निवेठेdun·ni·ve·ṭhe सनिग्गहे।sa·nig·ga·he

    dunniveṭhe saniggahe.

    (Pāli only)

17. 17

    “परियायभासितंpa·ri·yā·ya·bhā·si·taṃ अत्थि,at·thi

    “Pariyāyabhāsitaṁ atthi,

    (Pāli only)

18. 18

    अत्थिat·thi सन्धायभासितं;san·dhā·ya·bhā·si·taṃ

    atthi sandhāyabhāsitaṁ;

    (Pāli only)

19. 19

    सभावभासितंsa·bhā·va·bhā·si·taṃ अत्थि,at·thi

    Sabhāvabhāsitaṁ atthi,

    (Pāli only)

20. 20

    धम्मराजस्सdham·ma·rā·jas·sa सासने।sā·sa·ne

    dhammarājassa sāsane.

    (Pāli only)

21. 21

    तेसमत्थंte·sa·mat·thaṃ अविञ्ञाय,a·viñ·ñā·ya

    Tesamatthaṁ aviññāya,

    (Pāli only)

22. 22

    मेण्डकेmeṇ·ḍa·ke जिनभासिते;ji·na·bhā·si·te

    meṇḍake jinabhāsite;

    (Pāli only)

23. 23

    अनागतम्हिa·nā·ga·tam·hi अद्धाने,ad·dhā·ne

    Anāgatamhi addhāne,

    (Pāli only)

24. 24

    विग्गहोvig·ga·ho तत्थtat·tha हेस्सति।hes·sa·ti

    viggaho tattha hessati.

    (Pāli only)

25. 25

    हन्दhan·da कथिंka·thiṃ पसादेत्वा,pa·sā·det·vā

    Handa kathiṁ pasādetvā,

    (Pāli only)

26. 26

    छेज्जापेस्सामिchej·jā·pes·sā·mi मेण्डके;meṇ·ḍa·ke

    chejjāpessāmi meṇḍake;

    (Pāli only)

27. 27

    तस्सtas·sa निद्दिट्ठमग्गेन,nid·diṭ·ṭha·mag·ge·na

    Tassa niddiṭṭhamaggena,

    (Pāli only)

28. 28

    निद्दिसिस्सन्त्यनागते”ति।nid·di·sis·san·tya·nā·ga·te

    niddisissantyanāgate”ti.

    (Pāli only)

29. 29

    अथa·tha खोkho मिलिन्दोmi·lin·do राजाrā·jā पभातायpa·bhā·tā·ya रत्तियाrat·ti·yā उद्धस्तेud·dhas·te अरुणेa·ru·ṇe सीसंsī·saṃ न्हत्वाnhat·vā सिरसिsi·ra·si अञ्जलिंañ·ja·liṃ पग्गहेत्वाpag·ga·het·vā अतीतानागतपच्चुप्पन्नेa·tī·tā·nā·ga·ta·pac·cup·pan·ne सम्मासम्बुद्धेsam·mā·sam·bud·dhe अनुस्सरित्वाa·nus·sa·rit·vā अट्ठaṭ·ṭha वत्तपदानिvat·ta·pa·dā·ni समादियिsa·mā·di·yi “इतोi·to मेme अनागतानिa·nā·ga·tā·ni सत्तsat·ta दिवसानिdi·va·sā·ni अट्ठaṭ·ṭha गुणेgu·ṇe समादियित्वाsa·mā·di·yit·vā तपोta·po चरितब्बोca·ri·tab·bo भविस्सति,bha·vis·sa·ti सोहंso·haṃ चिण्णतपोciṇ·ṇa·ta·po समानोsa·mā·no आचरियंā·ca·ri·yaṃ आराधेत्वाā·rā·dhet·vā मेण्डकेmeṇ·ḍa·ke पञ्हेpañ·he पुच्छिस्सामी”ति।puc·chis·sā·mī

    Atha kho milindo rājā pabhātāya rattiyā uddhaste aruṇe sīsaṁ nhatvā sirasi añjaliṁ paggahetvā atītānāgatapaccuppanne sammāsambuddhe anussaritvā aṭṭha vattapadāni samādiyi “ito me anāgatāni satta divasāni aṭṭha guṇe samādiyitvā tapo caritabbo bhavissati, sohaṁ ciṇṇatapo samāno ācariyaṁ ārādhetvā meṇḍake pañhe pucchissāmī”ti.

    (Pāli only)

30. 30

    अथa·tha खोkho मिलिन्दोmi·lin·do राजाrā·jā पकतिदुस्सयुगंpa·ka·ti·dus·sa·yu·gaṃ अपनेत्वाa·pa·net·vā आभरणानिā·bha·ra·ṇā·ni चca ओमुञ्चित्वाo·muñ·cit·vā कासावंkā·sā·vaṃ निवासेत्वाni·vā·set·vā मुण्डकपटिसीसकंmuṇ·ḍa·ka·pa·ṭi·sī·sa·kaṃ सीसेsī·se पटिमुञ्चित्वाpa·ṭi·muñ·cit·vā मुनिभावमुपगन्त्वाmu·ni·bhā·va·mu·pa·gan·tvā अट्ठaṭ·ṭha गुणेgu·ṇe समादियिsa·mā·di·yi “इमंi·maṃ सत्ताहंsat·tā·haṃ मयाma·yā नna राजत्थोrā·jat·tho अनुसासितब्बो,a·nu·sā·si·tab·bo नna रागूपसञ्हितंrā·gū·pa·sañ·hi·taṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ उप्पादेतब्बं,up·pā·de·tab·baṃ नna दोसूपसञ्हितंdo·sū·pa·sañ·hi·taṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ उप्पादेतब्बं,up·pā·de·tab·baṃ नna मोहूपसञ्हितंmo·hū·pa·sañ·hi·taṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ उप्पादेतब्बं,up·pā·de·tab·baṃ दासकम्मकरपोरिसेdā·sa·kam·ma·ka·ra·po·ri·se जनेपिja·ne·pi निवातवुत्तिनाni·vā·ta·vut·ti·nā भवितब्बं,bha·vi·tab·baṃ कायिकंkā·yi·kaṃ वाचसिकंvā·ca·si·kaṃ अनुरक्खितब्बं,a·nu·rak·khi·tab·baṃ छपिcha·pi आयतनानिā·ya·ta·nā·ni निरवसेसतोni·ra·va·se·sa·to अनुरक्खितब्बानि,a·nu·rak·khi·tab·bā·ni मेत्ताभावनायmet·tā·bhā·va·nā·ya मानसंmā·na·saṃ पक्खिपितब्बन्”ति।pak·khi·pi·tab·ban

    Atha kho milindo rājā pakatidussayugaṁ apanetvā ābharaṇāni ca omuñcitvā kāsāvaṁ nivāsetvā muṇḍakapaṭisīsakaṁ sīse paṭimuñcitvā munibhāvamupagantvā aṭṭha guṇe samādiyi “imaṁ sattāhaṁ mayā na rājattho anusāsitabbo, na rāgūpasañhitaṁ cittaṁ uppādetabbaṁ, na dosūpasañhitaṁ cittaṁ uppādetabbaṁ, na mohūpasañhitaṁ cittaṁ uppādetabbaṁ, dāsakammakaraporise janepi nivātavuttinā bhavitabbaṁ, kāyikaṁ vācasikaṁ anurakkhitabbaṁ, chapi āyatanāni niravasesato anurakkhitabbāni, mettābhāvanāya mānasaṁ pakkhipitabban”ti.

    (Pāli only)

31. 31

    इमेi·me अट्ठaṭ·ṭha गुणेgu·ṇe समादियित्वाsa·mā·di·yit·vā तेस्वेवtes·ve·va अट्ठसुaṭ·ṭha·su गुणेसुgu·ṇe·su मानसंmā·na·saṃ पतिट्ठपेत्वाpa·tiṭ·ṭha·pet·vā बहिba·hi अनिक्खमित्वाa·nik·kha·mit·vā सत्ताहंsat·tā·haṃ वीतिनामेत्वाvī·ti·nā·met·vā अट्ठमेaṭ·ṭha·me दिवसेdi·va·se पभातायpa·bhā·tā·ya रत्तियाrat·ti·yā पगेवpa·ge·va पातरासंpā·ta·rā·saṃ कत्वाkat·vā ओक्खित्तचक्खुok·khit·ta·cak·khu मितभाणीmi·ta·bhā·ṇī सुसण्ठितेनsu·saṇ·ṭhi·te·na इरियापथेनi·ri·yā·pa·the·na अविक्खित्तेनa·vik·khit·te·na चित्तेनcit·te·na हट्ठेनhaṭ·ṭhe·na उदग्गेनu·dag·ge·na विप्पसन्नेनvip·pa·san·ne·na थेरंthe·raṃ नागसेनंnā·ga·se·naṃ उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā थेरस्सthe·ras·sa पादेpā·de सिरसाsi·ra·sā वन्दित्वाvan·dit·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ ठितोṭhi·to इदमवोच—i·da·ma·vo·ca

    Ime aṭṭha guṇe samādiyitvā tesveva aṭṭhasu guṇesu mānasaṁ patiṭṭhapetvā bahi anikkhamitvā sattāhaṁ vītināmetvā aṭṭhame divase pabhātāya rattiyā pageva pātarāsaṁ katvā okkhittacakkhu mitabhāṇī susaṇṭhitena iriyāpathena avikkhittena cittena haṭṭhena udaggena vippasannena theraṁ nāgasenaṁ upasaṅkamitvā therassa pāde sirasā vanditvā ekamantaṁ ṭhito idamavoca—

    (Pāli only)

32. 32

    “अत्थिat·thi मे,me भन्तेbhan·te नागसेन,nā·ga·se·na कोचिko·ci अत्थोat·tho तुम्हेहिtum·he·hi सद्धिंsad·dhiṃ मन्तयितब्बो,man·ta·yi·tab·bo नna तत्थtat·tha अञ्ञोañ·ño कोचिko·ci ततियोta·ti·yo इच्छितब्बो,ic·chi·tab·bo सुञ्ञेsuñ·ñe ओकासेo·kā·se पविवित्तेpa·vi·vit·te अरञ्ञेa·rañ·ñe अट्ठङ्गुपागतेaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gu·pā·ga·te समणसारुप्पे।sa·ma·ṇa·sā·rup·pe

    “Atthi me, bhante nāgasena, koci attho tumhehi saddhiṁ mantayitabbo, na tattha añño koci tatiyo icchitabbo, suññe okāse pavivitte araññe aṭṭhaṅgupāgate samaṇasāruppe.

    (Pāli only)

33. 33

    तत्थtat·tha सोso पञ्होpañ·ho पुच्छितब्बोpuc·chi·tab·bo भविस्सति,bha·vis·sa·ti तत्थtat·tha मेme गुय्हंguy·haṃ नna कातब्बंkā·tab·baṃ नna रहस्सकं,ra·has·sa·kaṃ अरहामहंa·ra·hā·ma·haṃ रहस्सकंra·has·sa·kaṃ सुणितुंsu·ṇi·tuṃ सुमन्तनेsu·man·ta·ne उपगते,u·pa·ga·te उपमायपिu·pa·mā·ya·pi सोso अत्थोat·tho उपपरिक्खितब्बो,u·pa·pa·rik·khi·tab·bo यथाya·thā किंkiṃ विय,vi·ya यथाya·thā नाम,nā·ma भन्तेbhan·te नागसेन,nā·ga·se·na महापथवीma·hā·pa·tha·vī निक्खेपंnik·khe·paṃ अरहतिa·ra·ha·ti निक्खेपेnik·khe·pe उपगते।u·pa·ga·te

    Tattha so pañho pucchitabbo bhavissati, tattha me guyhaṁ na kātabbaṁ na rahassakaṁ, arahāmahaṁ rahassakaṁ suṇituṁ sumantane upagate, upamāyapi so attho upaparikkhitabbo, yathā kiṁ viya, yathā nāma, bhante nāgasena, mahāpathavī nikkhepaṁ arahati nikkhepe upagate.

    (Pāli only)

34. 34

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho भन्तेbhan·te नागसेन,nā·ga·se·na अरहामहंa·ra·hā·ma·haṃ रहस्सकंra·has·sa·kaṃ सुणितुंsu·ṇi·tuṃ सुमन्तनेsu·man·ta·ne उपगते”ति।u·pa·ga·te

    Evameva kho, bhante nāgasena, arahāmahaṁ rahassakaṁ suṇituṁ sumantane upagate”ti.

    (Pāli only)

35. 35

    गरुनाga·ru·nā सहsa·ha पविवित्तपवनंpa·vi·vit·ta·pa·va·naṃ पविसित्वाpa·vi·sit·vā इदमवोच—i·da·ma·vo·ca

    Garunā saha pavivittapavanaṁ pavisitvā idamavoca—

    (Pāli only)

36. 36

    “भन्तेbhan·te नागसेन,nā·ga·se·na इधi·dha पुरिसेनpu·ri·se·na मन्तयितुकामेनman·ta·yi·tu·kā·me·na अट्ठaṭ·ṭha ठानानिṭhā·nā·ni परिवज्जयितब्बानिpa·ri·vaj·ja·yi·tab·bā·ni भवन्ति,bha·van·ti नna तेसुte·su ठानेसुṭhā·ne·su विञ्ञूviñ·ñū पुरिसोpu·ri·so अत्थंat·thaṃ मन्तेति,man·te·ti मन्तितोपिman·ti·to·pi अत्थोat·tho परिपततिpa·ri·pa·ta·ti नna सम्भवति।sam·bha·va·ti

    “bhante nāgasena, idha purisena mantayitukāmena aṭṭha ṭhānāni parivajjayitabbāni bhavanti, na tesu ṭhānesu viññū puriso atthaṁ manteti, mantitopi attho paripatati na sambhavati.

    (Pāli only)

37. 37

    कतमानिka·ta·mā·ni अट्ठaṭ·ṭha ठानानि?ṭhā·nā·ni

    Katamāni aṭṭha ṭhānāni?

    (Pāli only)

38. 38

    विसमट्ठानंvi·sa·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ परिवज्जनीयं,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ सभयंsa·bha·yaṃ परिवज्जनीयं,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ अतिवातट्ठानंa·ti·vā·taṭ·ṭhā·naṃ परिवज्जनीयं,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ पटिच्छन्नट्ठानंpa·ṭic·chan·naṭ·ṭhā·naṃ परिवज्जनीयं,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ देवट्ठानंde·vaṭ·ṭhā·naṃ परिवज्जनीयं,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ पन्थोpan·tho परिवज्जनीयो,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yo सङ्गामोsaṅ·gā·mo परिवज्जनीयो,pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yo उदकतित्थंu·da·ka·tit·thaṃ परिवज्जनीयं।pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṃ

    Visamaṭṭhānaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ, sabhayaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ, ativātaṭṭhānaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ, paṭicchannaṭṭhānaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ, devaṭṭhānaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ, pantho parivajjanīyo, saṅgāmo parivajjanīyo, udakatitthaṁ parivajjanīyaṁ.

    (Pāli only)

39. 39

    इमानिi·mā·ni अट्ठaṭ·ṭha ठानानिṭhā·nā·ni परिवज्जनीयानी”ति।pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yā·nī

    Imāni aṭṭha ṭhānāni parivajjanīyānī”ti.

    (Pāli only)

40. 40

    थेरोthe·ro आह—ā·ha

    Thero āha—

    (Pāli only)

41. 41

    “कोko दोसोdo·so विसमट्ठाने,vi·sa·maṭ·ṭhā·ne सभये,sa·bha·ye अतिवाते,a·ti·vā·te पटिच्छन्ने,pa·ṭic·chan·ne देवट्ठाने,de·vaṭ·ṭhā·ne पन्थे,pan·the सङ्गामे,saṅ·gā·me उदकतित्थे”ति?u·da·ka·tit·the

    “ko doso visamaṭṭhāne, sabhaye, ativāte, paṭicchanne, devaṭṭhāne, panthe, saṅgāme, udakatitthe”ti?

    (Pāli only)

42. 42

    “विसमे,vi·sa·me भन्तेbhan·te नागसेन,nā·ga·se·na मन्तितोman·ti·to अत्थोat·tho विकिरतिvi·ki·ra·ti विधमतिvi·dha·ma·ti पग्घरतिpag·gha·ra·ti नna सम्भवति,sam·bha·va·ti सभयेsa·bha·ye मनोma·no सन्तस्सति,san·tas·sa·ti सन्तस्सितोsan·tas·si·to नna सम्माsam·mā अत्थंat·thaṃ समनुपस्सति,sa·ma·nu·pas·sa·ti अतिवातेa·ti·vā·te सद्दोsad·do अविभूतोa·vi·bhū·to होति,ho·ti पटिच्छन्नेpa·ṭic·chan·ne उपस्सुतिंu·pas·su·tiṃ तिट्ठन्ति,tiṭ·ṭhan·ti देवट्ठानेde·vaṭ·ṭhā·ne मन्तितोman·ti·to अत्थोat·tho गरुकंga·ru·kaṃ परिणमति,pa·ri·ṇa·ma·ti पन्थेpan·the मन्तितोman·ti·to अत्थोat·tho तुच्छोtuc·cho भवति,bha·va·ti सङ्गामेsaṅ·gā·me चञ्चलोcañ·ca·lo भवति,bha·va·ti उदकतित्थेu·da·ka·tit·the पाकटोpā·ka·ṭo भवति।bha·va·ti

    “Visame, bhante nāgasena, mantito attho vikirati vidhamati paggharati na sambhavati, sabhaye mano santassati, santassito na sammā atthaṁ samanupassati, ativāte saddo avibhūto hoti, paṭicchanne upassutiṁ tiṭṭhanti, devaṭṭhāne mantito attho garukaṁ pariṇamati, panthe mantito attho tuccho bhavati, saṅgāme cañcalo bhavati, udakatitthe pākaṭo bhavati.

    (Pāli only)

43. 43

    भवतीह—bha·va·tī·ha

    Bhavatīha—

    (Pāli only)

44. 44

    ‘विसमंvi·sa·maṃ सभयंsa·bha·yaṃ अतिवातो,a·ti·vā·to

    ‘Visamaṁ sabhayaṁ ativāto,

    (Pāli only)

45. 45

    पटिच्छन्नंpa·ṭic·chan·naṃ देवनिस्सितं;de·va·nis·si·taṃ

    Paṭicchannaṁ devanissitaṁ;

    (Pāli only)

46. 46

    पन्थोpan·tho चca सङ्गामोsaṅ·gā·mo तित्थं,tit·thaṃ

    Pantho ca saṅgāmo titthaṁ,

    (Pāli only)

47. 47

    अट्ठेतेaṭ·ṭhe·te परिवज्जिया’”ति।pa·ri·vaj·ji·yā

    Aṭṭhete parivajjiyā’”ti.

    (Pāli only)

48. 48

    अट्ठaṭ·ṭha मन्तनस्सman·ta·nas·sa परिवज्जनीयट्ठानानि।pa·ri·vaj·ja·nī·yaṭ·ṭhā·nā·ni

    Aṭṭha mantanassa parivajjanīyaṭṭhānāni.

    (Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.