Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

sward

UK /swɔːd/ · US /swɔɹd/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms swards swarding swarded swarth swart swerd

  1. noun (uncountable) Earth which grass has grown into the upper layer of; greensward, sod, turf; (countable) a portion of such earth.
  2. noun (countable) An expanse of land covered in grass; a lawn or meadow.
  3. noun (countable, obsolete) The upper layer of the ground, especially when vegetation is growing on it.
  4. noun (countable, obsolete except UK, dialectal) The rind of bacon or pork; also, the outer covering or skin of something.
  5. verb (transitive) To cover (ground, etc.) with sward.
  6. verb (intransitive) Of ground, etc.: to be covered with sward; to develop a covering of sward.
  7. noun (Philippines) A homosexual man.
  8. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

field turf sod greensward

Etymology

The noun is derived from Middle English swerd, sward (“rind, skin; leather strap; sod, turf”) [and other forms], from Old English sweard (“rind; skin”), from Proto-Germanic *swarduz (“rind; tough skin; turf”); further etymology unknown.
The verb is derived from the noun.

From a blend of sword + pardner.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun Skin; covering. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
  2. noun The grassy surface of land; that part of the soil which is filled with the roots of grass; turf.
  3. verb To produce sward upon; to cover, or be covered, with sward.

Etymology [AS. sweard skin, covering; akin to OFries. swarge, D. zwoord, G. schwarte, Icel. svör skin, sward of the earth.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “sward”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details