Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

sad

/ˈsæd/ adjective, verb, interjection

Forms sadder saddest sads sadding sadded

  1. adjective Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful. “She gets sad when he's away.”
  2. adjective Appearing sorrowful. “The puppy had a sad little face.”
  3. adjective Causing sorrow; lamentable. “It's a sad fact that most rapes go unreported.”
  4. adjective Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor. “That's the saddest-looking pickup truck I've ever seen.”
  5. adjective Of colours: dark, deep; later, sombre, dull.
  6. adjective (obsolete) Sated, having had one's fill; satisfied, weary.
  7. adjective (obsolete) Steadfast, valiant.
  8. adjective (obsolete) Dignified, serious, grave.
  9. verb (transitive, archaic) To make melancholy; to sadden or grieve (someone).
  10. interjection (Internet slang, sometimes humorous) Expressing contempt, ridicule or disgust; bah!

Synonyms

depressed down in the dumps glum melancholy discomforted distressed uncomfortable unhappy poignant touching deplorable saddening atrabiliary atrabilious depressing distressing grievous heartbreaking heartrending miserable lamentable pitiful sorry

Antonyms

cheerful gleeful happy upbeat berserk blissed out blithe buoyant chirpy blithesome bonnie bright glad

Etymology

From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“satisfied, full, sated, unable to handle more, weary”), from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).
Cognate to Saterland Frisian sääd, West Frisian sêd, Dutch zat, German Low German satt, German satt.
The interjection sense is a reference to frequent usage of the word as an interjection in the tweets of Q22686, President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)); a Trumpism.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Sated; satisfied; weary; tired. [Obs.]
  2. adjective Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard. [Obs., except in a few phrases; as, sad bread.]
  3. verb To make sorrowful; to sadden. [Obs.]

Etymology [OE. sad sated, tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. sæd satisfied, sated; akin to D. zat, OS. sad, G. tt, OHG. sat, sa, saddr, Goth. saps, Lith. sotus, L. sat, satis, enough, satur sated, Gr. Assets, Sate, Satiate, Satisfy Satire.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “sad”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “sad” (best matches first).

All 63 Sanskrit matches →