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Scripture · Sanskrit Bible with the King James Version · the Pāli Canon

1 Peter 1 १ पितरस्य पत्रं 1

Chapter: 12345

Verse: 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425 · Hide pronunciation

Each verse: the King James English, then the Sanskrit, its transliteration (IAST) and how to say it, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum, ḥ = soft breath echoing the vowel).
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  1. 1

    पन्तpan·ta-गालातियाgā·lā·ti·yā-कप्पदकियाkap·pa·da·ki·yā-आशियाā·śi·yā-बिथुनियादेशेषुbi·thu·ni·yā·de·śe·ṣu प्रवासिनोpra·vā·si·no येye विकीर्णलोकाःvi·kīr·ṇa·lo·kāḥ

    panta-gālātiyā-kappadakiyā-āśiyā-bithuniyādeśeṣu pravāsino ye vikīrṇalokāḥ

    Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,

  2. 2

    पितुरीश्वरस्यpi·tu·rīś·va·ras·ya पूर्व्वनिर्णयाद्pūr·va·nir·ṇa·yād आत्मनःāt·ma·naḥ पावनेनpā·va·ne·na यीशुख्रीष्टस्याज्ञाग्रहणायyī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·yāj·ñāg·ra·ha·ṇā·ya शोणितप्रोक्षणायśo·ṇi·tap·rok·ṣa·ṇā·ya चाभिरुचितास्तान्cā·bhi·ru·ci·tās·tān प्रतिpra·ti यीशुख्रीष्टस्यyī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·ya प्रेरितःpre·ri·taḥ पितरःpi·ta·raḥ पत्रंpat·raṃ लिखतिli·kha·ti। युष्मान्yuṣ·mān प्रतिpra·ti बाहुल्येनbā·hul·ye·na शान्तिरनुग्रहश्चśān·ti·ra·nug·ra·haś·ca भूयास्तांbhū·yās·tāṃ।

    piturīśvarasya pūrvvanirṇayād ātmanaḥ pāvanena yīśukhrīṣṭasyājñāgrahaṇāya śoṇitaprokṣaṇāya cābhirucitāstān prati yīśukhrīṣṭasya preritaḥ pitaraḥ patraṁ likhati| yuṣmān prati bāhulyena śāntiranugrahaśca bhūyāstāṁ|

    Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace unto you, and peace, be multiplied.

  3. 3

    अस्माकंas·mā·kaṃ प्रभोpra·bho र्यीशुख्रीष्टस्यryī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·ya तातtā·ta ईश्वरोīś·va·ro धन्यःdhan·yaḥ, यतःya·taḥ सsa स्वकीयबहुकृपातोsva·kī·ya·ba·hu·kṛ·pā·to मृतगणमध्याद्mṛ·ta·ga·ṇa·madh·yād यीशुख्रीष्टस्योत्थानेनyī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·yot·thā·ne·na जीवनप्रत्याशार्थम्jī·va·nap·rat·yā·śār·tham अर्थतोar·tha·to

    asmākaṁ prabho ryīśukhrīṣṭasya tāta īśvaro dhanyaḥ, yataḥ sa svakīyabahukṛpāto mṛtagaṇamadhyād yīśukhrīṣṭasyotthānena jīvanapratyāśārtham arthato

    Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to his abundant mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,

  4. 4

    ऽक्षयनिष्कलङ्काम्लानसम्पत्तिप्राप्त्यर्थम्kṣa·ya·niṣ·ka·laṅ·kām·lā·na·sam·pat·tip·rāp·tyar·tham अस्मान्as·mān पुनpu·na र्जनयामासrja·na·yā·mā·sa। साsā सम्पत्तिःsam·pat·tiḥ स्वर्गेsvar·ge ऽस्माकंsmā·kaṃ कृतेkṛ·te सञ्चिताsañ·ci·tā तिष्ठतिtiṣ·ṭha·ti,

    'kṣayaniṣkalaṅkāmlānasampattiprāptyartham asmān puna rjanayāmāsa| sā sampattiḥ svarge 'smākaṁ kṛte sañcitā tiṣṭhati,

    To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you,

  5. 5

    यूयञ्चेश्वरस्यyū·yañ·ceś·va·ras·ya शक्तितःśak·ti·taḥ शेषकालेśe·ṣa·kā·le प्रकाश्यपरित्राणार्थंpra·kāś·ya·pa·rit·rā·ṇār·thaṃ विश्वासेनviś·vā·se·na रक्ष्यध्वेrak·ṣyadh·ve।

    yūyañceśvarasya śaktitaḥ śeṣakāle prakāśyaparitrāṇārthaṁ viśvāsena rakṣyadhve|

    Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.

  6. 6

    तस्माद्tas·mād यूयंyū·yaṃ यद्यप्यानन्देनyad·yap·yā·nan·de·na प्रफुल्लाpra·phul·lā भवथbha·va·tha तथापिta·thā·pi साम्प्रतंsām·pra·taṃ प्रयोजनहेतोःpra·yo·ja·na·he·toḥ कियत्कालपर्य्यन्तंki·yat·kā·la·par·yan·taṃ नानाविधपरीक्षाभिःnā·nā·vi·dha·pa·rīk·ṣā·bhiḥ क्लिश्यध्वेkliś·yadh·ve।

    tasmād yūyaṁ yadyapyānandena praphullā bhavatha tathāpi sāmprataṁ prayojanahetoḥ kiyatkālaparyyantaṁ nānāvidhaparīkṣābhiḥ kliśyadhve|

    Wherein ye greatly rejoice, though now for a season, if need be, ye are in heaviness through manifold temptations:

  7. 7

    यतोya·to वह्निनाvah·ni·nā यस्यyas·ya परीक्षाpa·rīk·ṣā भवतिbha·va·ti तस्मात्tas·māt नश्वरसुवर्णादपिnaś·va·ra·su·var·ṇā·da·pi बहुमूल्यंba·hu·mūl·yaṃ युष्माकंyuṣ·mā·kaṃ विश्वासरूपंviś·vā·sa·rū·paṃ यत्yat परीक्षितंpa·rīk·ṣi·taṃ स्वर्णंsvar·ṇaṃ तेनte·na यीशुख्रीष्टस्यागमनसमयेyī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·yā·ga·ma·na·sa·ma·ye प्रशंसायाःpra·śaṃ·sā·yāḥ समादरस्यsa·mā·da·ras·ya गौरवस्यgau·ra·vas·ya चca योग्यताyog·ya·tā प्राप्तव्याprāp·tav·yā।

    yato vahninā yasya parīkṣā bhavati tasmāt naśvarasuvarṇādapi bahumūlyaṁ yuṣmākaṁ viśvāsarūpaṁ yat parīkṣitaṁ svarṇaṁ tena yīśukhrīṣṭasyāgamanasamaye praśaṁsāyāḥ samādarasya gauravasya ca yogyatā prāptavyā|

    That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and honour and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ:

  8. 8

    यूयंyū·yaṃ तंtaṃ ख्रीष्टम्khrīṣ·ṭam अदृष्ट्वापिa·dṛṣ·ṭvā·pi तस्मिन्tas·min प्रीयध्वेprī·yadh·ve साम्प्रतंsām·pra·taṃ तंtaṃ नna पश्यन्तोऽपिpaś·yan·to·pi तस्मिन्tas·min विश्वसन्तोviś·va·san·to ऽनिर्व्वचनीयेनnir·va·ca·nī·ye·na प्रभावयुक्तेनpra·bhā·va·yuk·te·na चानन्देनcā·nan·de·na प्रफुल्लाpra·phul·lā भवथbha·va·tha,

    yūyaṁ taṁ khrīṣṭam adṛṣṭvāpi tasmin prīyadhve sāmprataṁ taṁ na paśyanto'pi tasmin viśvasanto 'nirvvacanīyena prabhāvayuktena cānandena praphullā bhavatha,

    Whom having not seen, ye love; in whom, though now ye see him not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory:

  9. 9

    स्वविश्वासस्यsva·viś·vā·sas·ya परिणामरूपम्pa·ri·ṇā·ma·rū·pam आत्मनांāt·ma·nāṃ परित्राणंpa·rit·rā·ṇaṃ लभध्वेla·bhadh·ve चca।

    svaviśvāsasya pariṇāmarūpam ātmanāṁ paritrāṇaṁ labhadhve ca|

    Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your souls.

  10. 10

    युष्मासुyuṣ·mā·su योyo ऽनुग्रहोnug·ra·ho वर्त्ततेvar·ta·te तद्विषयेtad·vi·ṣa·ye यya ईश्वरीयवाक्यंīś·va·rī·ya·vāk·yaṃ कथितवन्तस्तेka·thi·ta·van·tas·te भविष्यद्वादिनस्तस्यbha·viṣ·yad·vā·di·nas·tas·ya परित्राणस्यान्वेषणम्pa·rit·rā·ṇas·yān·ve·ṣa·ṇam अनुसन्धानञ्चa·nu·san·dhā·nañ·ca कृतवन्तःkṛ·ta·van·taḥ।

    yuṣmāsu yo 'nugraho varttate tadviṣaye ya īśvarīyavākyaṁ kathitavantaste bhaviṣyadvādinastasya paritrāṇasyānveṣaṇam anusandhānañca kṛtavantaḥ|

    Of which salvation the prophets have enquired and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that should come unto you:

  11. 11

    विशेषतस्तेषामन्तर्व्वासीvi·śe·ṣa·tas·te·ṣā·man·tar·vā·sī यःyaḥ ख्रीष्टस्यात्माkhrīṣ·ṭas·yāt·mā ख्रीष्टेkhrīṣ·ṭe वर्त्तिष्यमाणानिvar·tiṣ·ya·mā·ṇā·ni दुःखानिduḥ·khā·ni तदनुगामिप्रभावञ्चta·da·nu·gā·mip·ra·bhā·vañ·ca पूर्व्वंpūr·vaṃ प्राकाशयत्prā·kā·śa·yat तेनte·na कःkaḥ कीदृशोkī·dṛ·śo वाvā समयोsa·ma·yo निरदिश्यतैतस्यानुसन्धानंni·ra·diś·ya·tai·tas·yā·nu·san·dhā·naṃ कृतवन्तःkṛ·ta·van·taḥ।

    viśeṣatasteṣāmantarvvāsī yaḥ khrīṣṭasyātmā khrīṣṭe varttiṣyamāṇāni duḥkhāni tadanugāmiprabhāvañca pūrvvaṁ prākāśayat tena kaḥ kīdṛśo vā samayo niradiśyataitasyānusandhānaṁ kṛtavantaḥ|

    Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow.

  12. 12

    ततस्तैta·tas·tai र्विषयैस्तेrvi·ṣa·yais·te यन्नyan·na स्वान्svān किन्त्वस्मान्kin·tvas·mān उपकुर्व्वन्त्येतत्u·pa·kur·van·tye·tat तेषांte·ṣāṃ निकटेni·ka·ṭe प्राकाश्यतprā·kāś·ya·ta। यांश्चyāṃ·śca तान्tān विषयान्vi·ṣa·yān दिव्यदूताdiv·ya·dū·tā अप्यवनतशिरसोap·ya·va·na·ta·śi·ra·so निरीक्षितुम्ni·rīk·ṣi·tum अभिलषन्तिa·bhi·la·ṣan·ti तेte विषयाःvi·ṣa·yāḥ साम्प्रतंsām·pra·taṃ स्वर्गात्svar·gāt प्रेषितस्यpre·ṣi·tas·ya पवित्रस्यात्मनःpa·vit·ras·yāt·ma·naḥ सहाय्याद्sa·hāy·yād युष्मत्समीपेyuṣ·mat·sa·mī·pe सुसंवादप्रचारयितृभिःsu·saṃ·vā·dap·ra·cā·ra·yi·tṛ·bhiḥ प्राकाश्यन्तprā·kāś·yan·ta।

    tatastai rviṣayaiste yanna svān kintvasmān upakurvvantyetat teṣāṁ nikaṭe prākāśyata| yāṁśca tān viṣayān divyadūtā apyavanataśiraso nirīkṣitum abhilaṣanti te viṣayāḥ sāmprataṁ svargāt preṣitasya pavitrasyātmanaḥ sahāyyād yuṣmatsamīpe susaṁvādapracārayitṛbhiḥ prākāśyanta|

    Unto whom it was revealed, that not unto themselves, but unto us they did minister the things, which are now reported unto you by them that have preached the gospel unto you with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven; which things the angels desire to look into.

  13. 13

    अतएवa·ta·e·va यूयंyū·yaṃ मनःकटिबन्धनंma·naḥ·ka·ṭi·ban·dha·naṃ कृत्वाkṛt·vā प्रबुद्धाःpra·bud·dhāḥ सन्तोsan·to यीशुख्रीष्टस्यyī·śukh·rīṣ·ṭas·ya प्रकाशसमयेpra·kā·śa·sa·ma·ye युष्मासुyuṣ·mā·su वर्त्तिष्यमानस्यानुग्रहस्यvar·tiṣ·ya·mā·nas·yā·nug·ra·has·ya सम्पूर्णांsam·pūr·ṇāṃ प्रत्याशांprat·yā·śāṃ कुरुतku·ru·ta।

    ataeva yūyaṁ manaḥkaṭibandhanaṁ kṛtvā prabuddhāḥ santo yīśukhrīṣṭasya prakāśasamaye yuṣmāsu varttiṣyamānasyānugrahasya sampūrṇāṁ pratyāśāṁ kuruta|

    Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ;

  14. 14

    अपरंa·pa·raṃ पूर्व्वीयाज्ञानतावस्थायाःpūr·vī·yāj·ñā·na·tā·vas·thā·yāḥ कुत्सिताभिलाषाणांkut·si·tā·bhi·lā·ṣā·ṇāṃ योग्यम्yog·yam आचारंā·cā·raṃ नna कुर्व्वन्तोkur·van·to युष्मदाह्वानकारीyuṣ·ma·dāh·vā·na·kā·rī यथाya·thā पवित्रोpa·vit·ro ऽस्तिsti

    aparaṁ pūrvvīyājñānatāvasthāyāḥ kutsitābhilāṣāṇāṁ yogyam ācāraṁ na kurvvanto yuṣmadāhvānakārī yathā pavitro 'sti

    As obedient children, not fashioning yourselves according to the former lusts in your ignorance:

  15. 15

    यूयमप्याज्ञाग्राहिसन्तानाyū·ya·map·yāj·ñāg·rā·hi·san·tā·nā इवi·va सर्व्वस्मिन्sar·vas·min आचारेā·cā·re तादृक्tā·dṛk पवित्राpa·vit·rā भवतbha·va·ta।

    yūyamapyājñāgrāhisantānā iva sarvvasmin ācāre tādṛk pavitrā bhavata|

    But as he which hath called you is holy, so be ye holy in all manner of conversation;

  16. 16

    यतोya·to लिखितम्li·khi·tam आस्तेās·te, यूयंyū·yaṃ पवित्रास्तिष्ठतpa·vit·rās·tiṣ·ṭha·ta यस्मादहंyas·mā·da·haṃ पवित्रःpa·vit·raḥ।

    yato likhitam āste, yūyaṁ pavitrāstiṣṭhata yasmādahaṁ pavitraḥ|

    Because it is written, Be ye holy; for I am holy.

  17. 17

    अपरञ्चa·pa·rañ·ca योyo विनापक्षपातम्vi·nā·pak·ṣa·pā·tam एकैकमानुषस्यe·kai·ka·mā·nu·ṣas·ya कर्म्मानुसाराद्kar·mā·nu·sā·rād विचारंvi·cā·raṃ करोतिka·ro·ti सsa यदिya·di युष्माभिस्तातyuṣ·mā·bhis·tā·ta आख्यायतेākh·yā·ya·te तर्हिtar·hi स्वप्रवासस्यsvap·ra·vā·sas·ya कालोkā·lo युष्माभिyuṣ·mā·bhi र्भीत्याrbhīt·yā याप्यतांyāp·ya·tāṃ।

    aparañca yo vināpakṣapātam ekaikamānuṣasya karmmānusārād vicāraṁ karoti sa yadi yuṣmābhistāta ākhyāyate tarhi svapravāsasya kālo yuṣmābhi rbhītyā yāpyatāṁ|

    And if ye call on the Father, who without respect of persons judgeth according to every man’s work, pass the time of your sojourning here in fear:

  18. 18

    यूयंyū·yaṃ निरर्थकात्ni·rar·tha·kāt पैतृकाचारात्pai·tṛ·kā·cā·rāt क्षयणीयैkṣa·ya·ṇī·yai रूप्यसुवर्णादिभिrūp·ya·su·var·ṇā·di·bhi र्मुक्तिंrmuk·tiṃ नna प्राप्यprāp·ya

    yūyaṁ nirarthakāt paitṛkācārāt kṣayaṇīyai rūpyasuvarṇādibhi rmuktiṁ na prāpya

    Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers;

  19. 19

    निष्कलङ्कनिर्म्मलमेषशावकस्येवniṣ·ka·laṅ·ka·nir·ma·la·me·ṣa·śā·va·kas·ye·va ख्रीष्टस्यkhrīṣ·ṭas·ya बहुमूल्येनba·hu·mūl·ye·na रुधिरेणru·dhi·re·ṇa मुक्तिंmuk·tiṃ प्राप्तवन्तprāp·ta·van·ta इतिi·ti जानीथjā·nī·tha।

    niṣkalaṅkanirmmalameṣaśāvakasyeva khrīṣṭasya bahumūlyena rudhireṇa muktiṁ prāptavanta iti jānītha|

    But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot:

  20. 20

    सsa जगतोja·ga·to भित्तिमूलस्थापनात्bhit·ti·mū·las·thā·pa·nāt पूर्व्वंpūr·vaṃ नियुक्तःni·yuk·taḥ किन्तुkin·tu चरमदिनेषुca·ra·ma·di·ne·ṣu युष्मदर्थंyuṣ·ma·dar·thaṃ प्रकाशितोpra·kā·śi·to ऽभवत्bha·vat।

    sa jagato bhittimūlasthāpanāt pūrvvaṁ niyuktaḥ kintu caramadineṣu yuṣmadarthaṁ prakāśito 'bhavat|

    Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you,

  21. 21

    यतस्तेनैवya·tas·te·nai·va मृतगणात्mṛ·ta·ga·ṇāt तस्योत्थापयितरिtas·yot·thā·pa·yi·ta·ri तस्मैtas·mai गौरवदातरिgau·ra·va·dā·ta·ri चेश्वरेceś·va·re विश्वसिथviś·va·si·tha तस्माद्tas·mād ईश्वरेīś·va·re युष्माकंyuṣ·mā·kaṃ विश्वासःviś·vā·saḥ प्रत्याशाprat·yā·śā चास्तेcās·te।

    yatastenaiva mṛtagaṇāt tasyotthāpayitari tasmai gauravadātari ceśvare viśvasitha tasmād īśvare yuṣmākaṁ viśvāsaḥ pratyāśā cāste|

    Who by him do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory; that your faith and hope might be in God.

  22. 22

    यूयम्yū·yam आत्मनाāt·ma·nā सत्यमतस्याज्ञाग्रहणद्वाराsat·ya·ma·tas·yāj·ñāg·ra·ha·ṇad·vā·rā निष्कपटायniṣ·ka·pa·ṭā·ya भ्रातृप्रेम्नेbhrā·tṛp·rem·ne पावितमनसोpā·vi·ta·ma·na·so भूत्वाbhūt·vā निर्म्मलान्तःकरणैःnir·ma·lān·taḥ·ka·ra·ṇaiḥ परस्परंpa·ras·pa·raṃ गाढंgā·ḍhaṃ प्रेमpre·ma कुरुतku·ru·ta।

    yūyam ātmanā satyamatasyājñāgrahaṇadvārā niṣkapaṭāya bhrātṛpremne pāvitamanaso bhūtvā nirmmalāntaḥkaraṇaiḥ parasparaṁ gāḍhaṁ prema kuruta|

    Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently:

  23. 23

    यस्माद्yas·mād यूयंyū·yaṃ क्षयणीयवीर्य्यात्kṣa·ya·ṇī·ya·vīr·yāt नहिna·hi किन्त्वक्षयणीयवीर्य्याद्kin·tvak·ṣa·ya·ṇī·ya·vīr·yād ईश्वरस्यīś·va·ras·ya जीवनदायकेनjī·va·na·dā·ya·ke·na नित्यस्थायिनाnit·yas·thā·yi·nā वाक्येनvāk·ye·na पुनर्जन्मpu·nar·jan·ma गृहीतवन्तःgṛ·hī·ta·van·taḥ।

    yasmād yūyaṁ kṣayaṇīyavīryyāt nahi kintvakṣayaṇīyavīryyād īśvarasya jīvanadāyakena nityasthāyinā vākyena punarjanma gṛhītavantaḥ|

    Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

  24. 24

    सर्व्वप्राणीsar·vap·rā·ṇī तृणैस्तुल्यस्तत्तेजस्तृणपुष्पवत्tṛ·ṇais·tul·yas·tat·te·jas·tṛ·ṇa·puṣ·pa·vat। तृणानिtṛ·ṇā·ni परिशुष्यतिpa·ri·śuṣ·ya·ti पुष्पाणिpuṣ·pā·ṇi निपतन्तिni·pa·tan·ti चca।

    sarvvaprāṇī tṛṇaistulyastattejastṛṇapuṣpavat| tṛṇāni pariśuṣyati puṣpāṇi nipatanti ca|

    For all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away:

  25. 25

    किन्तुkin·tu वाक्यंvāk·yaṃ परेशस्यानन्तकालंpa·re·śas·yā·nan·ta·kā·laṃ वितिष्ठतेvi·tiṣ·ṭha·te। तदेवta·de·va चca वाक्यंvāk·yaṃ सुसंवादेनsu·saṃ·vā·de·na युष्माकम्yuṣ·mā·kam अन्तिकेan·ti·ke प्रकाशितंpra·kā·śi·taṃ।

    kintu vākyaṁ pareśasyānantakālaṁ vitiṣṭhate| tadeva ca vākyaṁ susaṁvādena yuṣmākam antike prakāśitaṁ|

    But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you.

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.