Scripture · Sanskrit Bible with the King James Version · the Pāli Canon

1 Samuel 22 शिमूयेलस्य प्रथमं पुस्तकम् 22

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Old Testament: unproofread OCR. The Sanskrit text was machine-read from scans of the 1848 Calcutta edition and has not been checked by hand, so it contains reading errors. Verses marked Unproofread OCR — may contain errors are the least reliable.

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Each verse: the King James English, then the Sanskrit, its transliteration (IAST) and how to say it, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum, ḥ = soft breath echoing the vowel).
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1

अनन्तरanantara दायूद्dā·yūd तस्मात्tas·māt स्थानात्sthā·nāt स्थायsthāya अहुahu ल्लमाख्यांllamākhyāṃ गुgu दाम्dām असितवान्asitavān ततस्तस्यta·tas·tas·ya म्रातरःmrātaraḥ पिटपरिवारास्थpiṭaparivārāstha तन्निशम्यtan·ni·śam·ya तस्यtas·ya समीपंsa·mī·paṃ गतga·ta वन्तःvantaḥ।

anantara dāyūd tasmāt sthānāt sthāya ahu llamākhyāṃ gu dām asitavān tatastasya mrātaraḥ piṭaparivārāstha tanniśamya tasya samīpaṃ gata vantaḥ|

David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father’s house heard it, they went down thither to him.
2

अपरम्a·pa·ram ऋणिदुःखिविरक्तमानसलेकेषुṛṇiduḥkhiviraktamānasalekeṣu सर्व्वषुsarvaṣu तस्यtas·ya सन्निधौsan·ni·dhau मिलितेषुmi·li·te·ṣu सsa तेषांte·ṣāṃ सेनापतिse·nā·pa·ti बेभूवbebhūva। इत्थंit·thaṃ प्रायेणprā·ye·ṇa चत्वारिcat·vā·ri एतानिe·tā·ni लोकास्तस्यlo·kās·tas·ya सङ्गतsaṅgata बभूवुःba·bhū·vuḥ।

aparam ṛṇiduḥkhiviraktamānasalekeṣu sarvvaṣu tasya sannidhau militeṣu sa teṣāṃ senāpati bebhūva| itthaṃ prāyeṇa catvāri etāni lokāstasya saṅgata babhūvuḥ|

And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
3

अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ दायूद्dā·yūd तस्मात्tas·māt मायावीयमिस्पींmāyāvīyamispīṃ नगरींna·ga·rīṃ गत्वाgat·vā मोयावीयमहीपतिंmoyāvīyamahīpatiṃ वास्तvāsta, अहंa·haṃ विनयेvi·na·ye, रंखरोraṃkharo मांmāṃ प्रतिpra·ti किंkiṃ करिष्यतिka·riṣ·ya·ti तद्tad यावन्नyā·van·na वेझिvejhi तावद्tā·vad भवतःbha·va·taḥ समीपमागत्यsa·mī·pa·mā·gat·ya परवस्तुparavastu ममma·ma पितरुpitaru मातस्च्वानुजानातुmātascvānujānātu।

anantaraṃ dāyūd tasmāt māyāvīyamispīṃ nagarīṃ gatvā moyāvīyamahīpatiṃ vāsta, ahaṃ vinaye, raṃkharo māṃ prati kiṃ kariṣyati tad yāvanna vejhi tāvad bhavataḥ samīpamāgatya paravastu mama pitaru mātascvānujānātu|

And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.
4

ततस्तेta·tas·te मायावीयमक्षीप्रतेःmāyāvīyamakṣīprateḥ साक्षात्sāk·ṣāt तेनानीतोtenānīto, यावच्चyā·vac·ca दायूद्dā·yūd दुर्गमस्थानेdurgamasthāne तस्थौtas·thau तावत्tā·vat ताtā तेनte·na पेशpeśa साकsāka न्यवसतांnyavasatāṃ।

tataste māyāvīyamakṣīprateḥ sākṣāt tenānīto, yāvacca dāyūd durgamasthāne tasthau tāvat tā tena peśa sāka nyavasatāṃ|

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.
5

अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ गादनामाgādanāmā भविष्यद्वादीbha·viṣ·yad·vā·dī दायुटंdāyuṭaṃ जगादja·gā·da, त्वंtvaṃ पुनदुःगेमस्थानेpunaduḥgemasthāne नna निष्कृniṣkṛ, यात्रांyāt·rāṃ विधायvi·dhā·ya यिद्कदादेशंyidkadādeśaṃ याहिyā·hi। ततोta·to दायृद्dāyṛd प्रस्थायpras·thā·ya हेरhera ताख्यवनम्tākhyavanam च्याख्चितcyākhcita यान्yān।

anantaraṃ gādanāmā bhaviṣyadvādī dāyuṭaṃ jagāda, tvaṃ punaduḥgemasthāne na niṣkṛ, yātrāṃ vidhāya yidkadādeśaṃ yāhi| tato dāyṛd prasthāya hera tākhyavanam cyākhcita yān|

And the prophet Gad said unto David, Abide not in the hold; depart, and get thee into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth.
6

तदानींta·dā·nīṃ दायृदस्तस्यdāyṛdastasya सज़िनामप्यदेशःsazināmapyadeśaḥ पात्रpātra इतिi·ti निशम्यni·śam·ya शलाśalā गिवियायाgiviyāyā रामतसखटच्तैकस्याघःrāmatasakhaṭactaikasyāghaḥ शल्यśalya इस्तःistaḥ सन्san उपाविशत्u·pā·vi·śat तस्यtas·ya गृलयाखgṛlayākha सर्व्ववsarvava$वतिखमानास्तम् अवेटन्तaveṭanta।
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tadānīṃ dāyṛdastasya sazināmapyadeśaḥ pātra iti niśamya śalā giviyāyā rāmatasakhaṭactaikasyāghaḥ śalya istaḥ san upāviśat tasya gṛlayākha sarvvava$vatikhamānāstam aveṭanta|

When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him;)
7

अपरःa·pa·raḥ शैलाśai·lā निजचतुर्दिंच्ववतिषमानान्nijacaturdiṃcvavatiṣamānān गृव्यान्gṛvyān जगादja·gā·da, हेhe विन्यामीनवंशीयाvinyāmīnavaṃśīyā नराःna·rāḥ, यूयम्yū·yam खाकसयतkhākasayata, विश्यस्यviśyasya सखतःsakhataḥ किंkiṃ युष्माकम्yuṣ·mā·kam एकैकस्मैe·kai·kas·mai शस्यच्तेचाणिśasyactecāṇi जाक्ता[्ेचराणि चca दास्यतिdās·ya·ti? सsa किki युष्माकम्yuṣ·mā·kam कोकkoka सत्रsatra खसेनापतिंkhasenāpatiṃ शतसेśatase नापतिंnāpatiṃ वाvā करिष्यतिka·riṣ·ya·ti,
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aparaḥ śailā nijacaturdiṃcvavatiṣamānān gṛvyān jagāda, he vinyāmīnavaṃśīyā narāḥ, yūyam khākasayata, viśyasya sakhataḥ kiṃ yuṣmākam ekaikasmai śasyactecāṇi jāktā[ecarāṇi ca dāsyati? sa ki yuṣmākam koka satra khasenāpatiṃ śatase nāpatiṃ vā kariṣyati,

Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;
8

यद्yad यूयंyū·yaṃ स्वंsvaṃ ममma·ma प्रातिकूल्येनprā·ti·kūl·ye·na कुमन्लणाम्kumanlaṇām अकुरुतa·ku·ru·ta? यीशयस्यyī·śa·yas·ya पुच्लेणpucleṇa साकंsā·kaṃ ममma·ma पुच्तोpucto नियमंni·ya·maṃ कृतवानkṛ·ta·vā·na इतिi·ti युष्माकंyuṣ·mā·kaṃ कोपिko·pi ममma·ma कणेगाचरःkaṇegācaraḥ नाकरोात्nākaroāt। अपरम्a·pa·ram अद्यad·ya छद्मनाchadmanā मांmāṃ हिंसितुंhiṃ·si·tuṃ ममma·ma किङ्कराkiṅ·ka·rā मल्युतेनmalyutena प्रवत्तितpravattita इतिi·ti वार्त्तांvār·tāṃ मांmāṃ ज्ञापयितुंjñā·pa·yi·tuṃ युष्माकंyuṣ·mā·kaṃ कोपिko·pi मांmāṃ नानूnānū कम्पतेkam·pa·te।

yad yūyaṃ svaṃ mama prātikūlyena kumanlaṇām akuruta? yīśayasya pucleṇa sākaṃ mama pucto niyamaṃ kṛtavāna iti yuṣmākaṃ kopi mama kaṇegācaraḥ nākaroāt| aparam adya chadmanā māṃ hiṃsituṃ mama kiṅkarā malyutena pravattita iti vārttāṃ māṃ jñāpayituṃ yuṣmākaṃ kopi māṃ nānū kampate|

That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son hath stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
9

अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ गोलस्यgolasya गृत्यगणमध्येgṛtyagaṇamadhye ऽवतिष्टमानvatiṣṭamāna इदोमीयदोयेगःidomīyadoyegaḥ प्र्यवदत्pryavadat पक्षpakṣa नाव्याम्nāvyām स्यक्दीट्ूवस्यsyakdīṭūvasya पुत्नस्याद्दीमेलकस्यputnasyāddīmelakasya समीपsa·mī·pa गच्छन्तंgac·chan·taṃ यीशयस्यyī·śa·yas·ya पुत्नेंputneṃ दढवान्daḍhavān।
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anantaraṃ golasya gṛtyagaṇamadhye 'vatiṣṭamāna idomīyadoyegaḥ pryavadat pakṣa nāvyām syakdīṭūvasya putnasyāddīmelakasya samīpa gacchantaṃ yīśayasya putneṃ daḍhavān|

Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.
10

सsa तस्यtas·ya कृतेkṛ·te परमेश्वरpa·ra·meś·va·ra एमema यान्yān तस्मैtas·mai पाथेयव्याणिpātheyavyāṇi दत्तवान्dat·ta·vān तथाta·thā पिलेदृोयजाल्तस्यpiledṛoyajāltasya खड़मपिkhar̤amapi तस्मैtas·mai दत्तवान्dat·ta·vān।

sa tasya kṛte parameśvara ema yān tasmai pātheyavyāṇi dattavān tathā piledṛoyajāltasya khar̤amapi tasmai dattavān|

And he enquired of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.
11

ततोta·to च्चीट्वस्यccīṭvasya पुत्रम्put·ram अक्ीमेलकंakīmelakaṃ याजकंyā·ja·kaṃ तस्यtas·ya सकलsakala परिटवंशम्pariṭavaṃśam व्यथताvyathatā नाववासिनाnāvavāsinā याजकान्yā·ja·kān ्आाप्लातुंāāplātuṃ राज्ञाrāj·ñā दूतेषुdū·te·ṣu प्क्षितिघुpkṣitighu तेte सर्व्वेsar·ve नटस्यnaṭasya समीपम्sa·mī·pam आगताःā·ga·tāḥ।

tato ccīṭvasya putram akīmelakaṃ yājakaṃ tasya sakala pariṭavaṃśam vyathatā nāvavāsinā yājakān āāplātuṃ rājñā dūteṣu pkṣitighu te sarvve naṭasya samīpam āgatāḥ|

Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s house, the priests that were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.
12

अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ ोलोाऽवदत्oloā'vadat हेhe अद्दीदटूवस्यaddīdaṭūvasya पुन्नpunna, अधुनाa·dhu·nā ष्णṣṇa।
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anantaraṃ oloā'vadat he addīdaṭūvasya punna, adhunā ṣṇa|

And Saul said, Hear now, thou son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I am, my lord.
13

सsa प्रत्यवदत्prat·ya·va·dat हेhe ममma·ma पभोpa·bho, खदम्khadam उपस्थितu·pas·thi·ta खसेkhase। अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ शोलस्तśolasta जगादja·gā·da त्वंtvaṃ यीशयस्यyī·śa·yas·ya पुनpu·na ममma·ma विरुद्धviruddha कुतिkuti राजहंrājahaṃ कृतवन्तोkṛ·ta·van·to? व्युपरम्vyuparam द्यdya सsa यत्yat मांmāṃ छिंसेत्chiṃset तदर्थेta·dar·the त्वtva तस्मैtas·mai कुतोku·to भच्छंbhacchaṃ खड़च्चkhar̤acca

sa pratyavadat he mama pabho, khadam upasthita khase| anantaraṃ śolasta jagāda tvaṃ yīśayasya puna mama viruddha kuti rājahaṃ kṛtavanto? vyuparam dya sa yat māṃ chiṃset tadarthe tva tasmai kuto bhacchaṃ khar̤acca

And Saul said unto him, Why have ye conspired against me, thou and the son of Jesse, in that thou hast given him bread, and a sword, and hast enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
14

दक्वाdakvā तस्यtas·ya कृतेkṛ·te स्खरम्skharam अष्टच्छःaṣṭacchaḥ ततोta·to ऽद्धमेलकोाddhamelakoā राजानंrā·jā·naṃ प्रत्यवदत्prat·ya·va·dat, भवतोbha·va·to गृव्यगणमय्येgṛvyagaṇamayye दायुदिवdāyudiva विश्वास्योviś·vās·yo राजजामाताrājajāmātā राजमन्रणाrājamanraṇā वगतेvagate
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dakvā tasya kṛte skharam aṣṭacchaḥ tato 'ddhamelakoā rājānaṃ pratyavadat, bhavato gṛvyagaṇamayye dāyudiva viśvāsyo rājajāmātā rājamanraṇā vagate

Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who is so faithful among all thy servants as David, which is the king’s son in law, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house?
15

भवतीाbhavatīā गैgai सम्मानितस्तरsammānitastara काkā भवेत्bha·vet? तस्यtas·ya कृतkṛ·ta ईश्वरंīś·va·raṃ परछम्paracham ्यक्तंyaktaṃ किसkisa अद्यारन्यवान्adyāranyavān? तत्tat मत्ताmat·tā दूरीभवतुdū·rī·bha·va·tu, राजाrā·jā निजदासंni·ja·dā·saṃ दासस्यdā·sas·ya परिवारांखparivārāṃkha प्रतिpra·ti नेमंnemaṃ दोषम्do·ṣam अपयतुapayatu। भवताbha·va·tā दासdā·sa रतदथस्यratadathasya न्धुनाधिकंndhunādhikaṃ किमपिki·ma·pi नावशच्छत्nāvaśacchat।

bhavatīā gai sammānitastara kā bhavet? tasya kṛta īśvaraṃ paracham yaktaṃ kisa adyāranyavān? tat mattā dūrībhavatu, rājā nijadāsaṃ dāsasya parivārāṃkha prati nemaṃ doṣam apayatu| bhavatā dāsa ratadathasya ndhunādhikaṃ kimapi nāvaśacchat|

Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.
16

किन्तुkin·tu राजाrā·jā जगादja·gā·da, छोcho स्ह्ीमेलकshīmelaka त्वयाtva·yā तवta·va छल्खेनchalkhena पिदpida वंशेनvaṃ·śe·na चca मत्तमेवmattameva।

kintu rājā jagāda, cho shīmelaka tvayā tava chalkhena pida vaṃśena ca mattameva|

And the king said, Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father’s house.
17

अनन्तरंa·nan·ta·raṃ राजाrā·jā खचतुदिंच्छवतिरमानान्khacatudiṃcchavatiramānān पदातिकान्padātikān अवदत्a·va·dat यूयंyū·yaṃ पराद्यparādya परमेश्वरस्यpa·ra·meś·va·ras·ya याजकान्yā·ja·kān इतi·ta यतस्तेऽपिyataste'pi दायूदस्यdāyūdasya सहायाsa·hā·yā अखभवन्akhabhavan अपरंa·pa·raṃ तस्यtas·ya पलायनंpa·lā·ya·naṃ ज्ञात्वापिjñāt·vā·pi ममma·ma कणगेचरःkaṇagecaraḥ नाकुर्व्वन्nā·kur·van। किन्तुkin·tu परमेख्वरस्यparamekhvarasya याजकान्yā·ja·kān कन्तkanta नृपस्यnṛpasya दासाःdā·sāḥ करात्ka·rāt विस्तारयितुंvistārayituṃ नाड़ीछतnār̤īchata वन्तःvantaḥ।

anantaraṃ rājā khacatudiṃcchavatiramānān padātikān avadat yūyaṃ parādya parameśvarasya yājakān ita yataste'pi dāyūdasya sahāyā akhabhavan aparaṃ tasya palāyanaṃ jñātvāpi mama kaṇagecaraḥ nākurvvan| kintu paramekhvarasya yājakān kanta nṛpasya dāsāḥ karāt vistārayituṃ nār̤īchata vantaḥ|

And the king said unto the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.
18

अनन्तरanantara राजाrā·jā दोयेगम्doyegam अवदत्a·va·dat त्वमेवtva·me·va परादत्यparādatya याजकान्yā·ja·kān जहिja·hi। ततta·ta डदोमीयदोयेगःḍadomīyadoyegaḥ पराद्यparādya याजकान्yā·ja·kān खाकरम्यkhākaramya तस्मिनtas·mi·na दिवसेdi·va·se कापसद्चनिभ्मितेफोादपरिधायिनःkāpasadcanibhmitephoādaparidhāyinaḥ पञ्चाशीतिpañcāśīti जनान्ja·nān जघानja·ghā·na।

anantara rājā doyegam avadat tvameva parādatya yājakān jahi| tata ḍadomīyadoyegaḥ parādya yājakān khākaramya tasmina divase kāpasadcanibhmitephoādaparidhāyinaḥ pañcāśīti janān jaghāna|

And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.
19

अपरंa·pa·raṃ सनावनामकंsanāvanāmakaṃ याजकानांyā·ja·kā·nāṃ नगरंna·ga·raṃ खङ्गेनkhaṅ·ge·na नाशवद्nāśavad अथाट्athāṭ येषित्पुरुषबालकस्तनपायिशिश्ूनyeṣitpuruṣabālakastanapāyiśiśūna गोगद्भमेघांश्चgogadbhameghāṃśca खङ्गेनkhaṅ·ge·na जघानja·ghā·na।
Unproofread OCR — may contain errors

aparaṃ sanāvanāmakaṃ yājakānāṃ nagaraṃ khaṅgena nāśavad athāṭ yeṣitpuruṣabālakastanapāyiśiśūna gogadbhameghāṃśca khaṅgena jaghāna|

And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.
20

तस्मिनtas·mi·na कालkā·la अवियाथरनामाaviyātharanāmā अद्ीदूवस्यadīdūvasya पोचोऽद्यीमेलकस्यpoco'dyīmelakasya मुक्तेmuk·te रक्षांrak·ṣāṃ प्राप्यprāp·ya दायूदःdā·yū·daḥ पश्चात्paś·cāt पलायाञ्चक्रोpalāyāñcakro।

tasmina kāla aviyātharanāmā adīdūvasya poco'dyīmelakasya mukte rakṣāṃ prāpya dāyūdaḥ paścāt palāyāñcakro|

And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.
21

शौलःśau·laḥ परमेश्वरस्यpa·ra·meś·va·ras·ya याजकान्yā·ja·kān अनधीदितिanadhīditi वार्त्तांvār·tāṃ साऽवियाधसेsā'viyādhase दायूदःdā·yū·daḥ जगादja·gā·da।

śaulaḥ parameśvarasya yājakān anadhīditi vārttāṃ sā'viyādhase dāyūdaḥ jagāda|

And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain the LORD’s priests.
22

ततोta·to दायूद्dā·yūd अविवाथरःavivātharaḥ बभाषेba·bhā·ṣe, इदामीयदोयेगस्तचidāmīyadoyegastaca स्थानsthā·na आसीत्ā·sīt तस्मात्tas·māt सsa शौलंśau·laṃ ममma·ma वार्त्ताvār·tā वदिष्यतीतिvadiṣyatīti मयाma·yā तस्मिन्नेवtas·min·ne·va दिनेdi·ne बद्धंbad·dhaṃ। तवta·va पिटवंशीयानांpiṭavaṃśīyānāṃ बधस्यbadhasya कारणमदमेवाभवंkāraṇamadamevābhavaṃ।

tato dāyūd avivātharaḥ babhāṣe, idāmīyadoyegastaca sthāna āsīt tasmāt sa śaulaṃ mama vārttā vadiṣyatīti mayā tasminneva dine baddhaṃ| tava piṭavaṃśīyānāṃ badhasya kāraṇamadamevābhavaṃ|

And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father’s house.
23

त्वंtvaṃ मयाma·yā साकंsā·kaṃ तीरtī·ra माmā भैषीःbhai·ṣīḥ, ममma·ma पाणनाशम्pāṇanāśam अचेट्टित्वाaceṭṭitvā कोपिko·pi तवta·va घ्राणनाशंghrāṇanāśaṃ नna चेदिष्यतेcediṣyate, तवta·va रस्च्तायमrasctāyama अमेयameya तवाञ्रयोtavāñrayo भविष्यामिbha·viṣ·yā·mi। लकlaka किंkiṃ तिदकtidaka

tvaṃ mayā sākaṃ tīra mā bhaiṣīḥ, mama pāṇanāśam aceṭṭitvā kopi tava ghrāṇanāśaṃ na cediṣyate, tava rasctāyama ameya tavāñrayo bhaviṣyāmi| laka kiṃ tidaka

Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.