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Numbered Discourses 5 44 अङ्गुत्तर 5 44

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Manāpadāyīsutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

Verse: 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465 · Hide pronunciation

1. 1

   अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 5।44

   Aṅguttara Nikāya 5.44

   Numbered Discourses 5.44

2. 2

   5। मुण्डराजवग्गmuṇ·ḍa·rā·ja·vag·ga

   5. Muṇḍarājavagga

   5. With King Muṇḍa

3. 3

   मनापदायीसुत्तma·nā·pa·dā·yī·sut·ta

   Manāpadāyīsutta

   Agreeable

4. 4

   एकंe·kaṃ समयंsa·ma·yaṃ भगवाbha·ga·vā वेसालियंve·sā·li·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti महावनेma·hā·va·ne कूटागारसालायं।kū·ṭā·gā·ra·sā·lā·yaṃ

   Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.

   At one time the Buddha was staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof.

5. 5

   अथa·tha खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā पुब्बण्हसमयंpub·baṇ·ha·sa·ma·yaṃ निवासेत्वाni·vā·set·vā पत्तचीवरमादायpat·ta·cī·va·ra·mā·dā·ya येनye·na उग्गस्सug·gas·sa गहपतिनोga·ha·pa·ti·no वेसालिकस्सve·sā·li·kas·sa निवेसनंni·ve·sa·naṃ तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā पञ्ञत्तेpañ·ñat·te आसनेā·sa·ne निसीदि।ni·sī·di

   Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena uggassa gahapatino vesālikassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.

   Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Ugga of Vesālī, where he sat down on the seat spread out.

6. 6

   अथa·tha खोkho उग्गोug·go गहपतिga·ha·pa·ti वेसालिकोve·sā·li·ko येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ अभिवादेत्वाa·bhi·vā·det·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसीदि।ni·sī·di एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसिन्नोni·sin·no खोkho उग्गोug·go गहपतिga·ha·pa·ti वेसालिकोve·sā·li·ko भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

   Atha kho uggo gahapati vesāliko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho uggo gahapati vesāliko bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

   Then Ugga went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,

7. 7

   “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

   “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

   “Sir, I have heard and learned this in the presence of the Buddha:

8. 8

   ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

   ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

   ‘The giver of the agreeable gets the agreeable.’

9. 9

   मनापंma·nā·paṃ मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te सालपुप्फकंsā·la·pup·pha·kaṃ खादनीयं;khā·da·nī·yaṃ

   Manāpaṁ me, bhante, sālapupphakaṁ khādanīyaṁ;

   My sal flower porridge is agreeable:

10. 10

    तंtaṃ मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    taṁ me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    may the Buddha please accept it from me out of sympathy.”

11. 11

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted it out of sympathy.

12. 12

    “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

    “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

    “Sir, I have heard and learned this in the presence of the Buddha:

13. 13

    ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

    ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

    ‘The giver of the agreeable gets the agreeable.’

14. 14

    मनापंma·nā·paṃ मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te सम्पन्नकोलकंsam·pan·na·ko·la·kaṃ सूकरमंसं;sū·ka·ra·maṃ·saṃ

    Manāpaṁ me, bhante, sampannakolakaṁ sūkaramaṁsaṁ;

    My pork with jujube is agreeable:

15. 15

    तंtaṃ मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    taṁ me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    may the Buddha please accept it from me out of sympathy.”

16. 16

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted it out of sympathy.

17. 17

    “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

    “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

    (Pāli only)

18. 18

    ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

    ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

    (Pāli only)

19. 19

    मनापंma·nā·paṃ मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te निब्बत्ततेलकंnib·bat·ta·te·la·kaṃ नालियसाकं;nā·li·ya·sā·kaṃ

    Manāpaṁ me, bhante, nibbattatelakaṁ nāliyasākaṁ;

    “… My fried vegetable stalks are agreeable:

20. 20

    तंtaṃ मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    taṁ me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    may the Buddha please accept them from me out of sympathy.”

21. 21

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted them out of sympathy.

22. 22

    “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

    “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

    (Pāli only)

23. 23

    ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

    ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

    (Pāli only)

24. 24

    मनापोma·nā·po मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te सालीनंsā·lī·naṃ ओदनोo·da·no विचितकाळकोvi·ci·ta·kā·ḷa·ko अनेकसूपोa·ne·ka·sū·po अनेकब्यञ्जनो;a·ne·kab·yañ·ja·no

    Manāpo me, bhante, sālīnaṁ odano vicitakāḷako anekasūpo anekabyañjano;

    “… My boiled fine rice with the dark grains picked out, served with many soups and sauces is agreeable:

25. 25

    तंtaṃ मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    taṁ me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    may the Buddha please accept it from me out of sympathy.”

26. 26

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted it out of sympathy.

27. 27

    “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

    “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

    (Pāli only)

28. 28

    ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

    ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

    (Pāli only)

29. 29

    मनापानिma·nā·pā·ni मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te कासिकानिkā·si·kā·ni वत्थानि;vat·thā·ni

    Manāpāni me, bhante, kāsikāni vatthāni;

    “… My cloths imported from Kāsi are agreeable:

30. 30

    तानिtā·ni मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    tāni me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    may the Buddha please accept them from me out of sympathy.”

31. 31

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted them out of sympathy.

32. 32

    “सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā मेतं,me·taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुतंsu·taṃ सम्मुखाsam·mu·khā पटिग्गहितं:pa·ṭig·ga·hi·taṃ

    “Sammukhā metaṁ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

    (Pāli only)

33. 33

    ‘मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्’ति।ma·nā·pan

    ‘manāpadāyī labhate manāpan’ti.

    (Pāli only)

34. 34

    मनापोma·nā·po मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te पल्लङ्कोpal·laṅ·ko गोनकत्थतोgo·na·kat·tha·to पटलिकत्थतोpa·ṭa·li·kat·tha·to कदलिमिगपवरपच्चत्थरणोka·da·li·mi·ga·pa·va·ra·pac·cat·tha·ra·ṇo सउत्तरच्छदोsa·ut·ta·rac·cha·do उभतोलोहितकूपधानो।u·bha·to·lo·hi·ta·kū·pa·dhā·no

    Manāpo me, bhante, pallaṅko gonakatthato paṭalikatthato kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇo sauttaracchado ubhatolohitakūpadhāno.

    “… My couch spread with woolen covers—shag-piled or embroidered with flowers—and spread with a fine deer hide, with a canopy above and red pillows at both ends is agreeable.

35. 35

    अपिa·pi च,ca भन्ते,bhan·te मयम्पेतंma·yam·pe·taṃ जानाम:jā·nā·ma

    Api ca, bhante, mayampetaṁ jānāma:

    But, sir, I know that

36. 36

    ‘नेतंne·taṃ भगवतोbha·ga·va·to कप्पती’ति।kap·pa·tī

    ‘netaṁ bhagavato kappatī’ti.

    this is not proper for the Buddha.

37. 37

    इदंi·daṃ मे,me भन्ते,bhan·te चन्दनफलकंcan·da·na·pha·la·kaṃ अग्घतिag·gha·ti अधिकसतसहस्सं;a·dhi·ka·sa·ta·sa·has·saṃ

    Idaṁ me, bhante, candanaphalakaṁ agghati adhikasatasahassaṁ;

    However, this plank of sandalwood is worth over a thousand dollars.

38. 38

    तंtaṃ मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā पटिग्गण्हातुpa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·tu अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाया”ति।u·pā·dā·yā

    taṁ me bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.

    May the Buddha please accept it from me out of sympathy.”

39. 39

    पटिग्गहेसिpa·ṭig·ga·he·si भगवाbha·ga·vā अनुकम्पंa·nu·kam·paṃ उपादाय।u·pā·dā·ya

    Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṁ upādāya.

    So the Buddha accepted it out of sympathy.

40. 40

    अथa·tha खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā उग्गंug·gaṃ गहपतिंga·ha·pa·tiṃ वेसालिकंve·sā·li·kaṃ इमिनाi·mi·nā अनुमोदनीयेनa·nu·mo·da·nī·ye·na अनुमोदि:a·nu·mo·di

    Atha kho bhagavā uggaṁ gahapatiṁ vesālikaṁ iminā anumodanīyena anumodi:

    And then the Buddha rejoiced with Ugga with these verses of appreciation:

41. 41

    “मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापं,ma·nā·paṃ

    “Manāpadāyī labhate manāpaṁ,

    “The giver of the agreeable gets the agreeable,

42. 42

    योyo उज्जुभूतेसुuj·ju·bhū·te·su ददातिda·dā·ti छन्दसा;chan·da·sā

    Yo ujjubhūtesu dadāti chandasā;

    enthusiastically giving clothing, bedding,

43. 43

    अच्छादनंac·chā·da·naṃ सयनमन्नपानं,sa·ya·na·man·na·pā·naṃ

    Acchādanaṁ sayanamannapānaṁ,

    food and drink, and various requisites

44. 44

    नानाप्पकारानिnā·nāp·pa·kā·rā·ni चca पच्चयानि।pac·ca·yā·ni

    Nānāppakārāni ca paccayāni.

    to those of sincere conduct.

45. 45

    चत्तञ्चcat·tañ·ca मुत्तञ्चmut·tañ·ca अनुग्गहीतं,a·nug·ga·hī·taṃ

    Cattañca muttañca anuggahītaṁ,

    Knowing the perfected ones to be like a field

46. 46

    खेत्तूपमेkhet·tū·pa·me अरहन्तेa·ra·han·te विदित्वा;vi·dit·vā

    Khettūpame arahante viditvā;

    for what’s given, offered and not held back,

47. 47

    सोso दुच्चजंduc·ca·jaṃ सप्पुरिसोsap·pu·ri·so चजित्वा,ca·jit·vā

    So duccajaṁ sappuriso cajitvā,

    a true person gives what’s hard to give:

48. 48

    मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापन्”ति।ma·nā·pan

    Manāpadāyī labhate manāpan”ti.

    the giver of the agreeable gets the agreeable.”

49. 49

    अथa·tha खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā उग्गंug·gaṃ गहपतिंga·ha·pa·tiṃ वेसालिकंve·sā·li·kaṃ इमिनाi·mi·nā अनुमोदनीयेनa·nu·mo·da·nī·ye·na अनुमोदित्वाa·nu·mo·dit·vā उट्ठायासनाuṭ·ṭhā·yā·sa·nā पक्कामि।pak·kā·mi

    Atha kho bhagavā uggaṁ gahapatiṁ vesālikaṁ iminā anumodanīyena anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

    And then the Buddha, having rejoiced with Ugga with these verses of appreciation, rose from his seat and left.

50. 50

    अथa·tha खोkho उग्गोug·go गहपतिga·ha·pa·ti वेसालिकोve·sā·li·ko अपरेनa·pa·re·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na कालमकासि।kā·la·ma·kā·si

    Atha kho uggo gahapati vesāliko aparena samayena kālamakāsi.

    Then after some time Ugga passed away,

51. 51

    कालङ्कतोkā·laṅ·ka·to चca उग्गोug·go गहपतिga·ha·pa·ti वेसालिकोve·sā·li·ko अञ्ञतरंañ·ña·ta·raṃ मनोमयंma·no·ma·yaṃ कायंkā·yaṃ उपपज्जि।u·pa·paj·ji

    Kālaṅkato ca uggo gahapati vesāliko aññataraṁ manomayaṁ kāyaṁ upapajji.

    and was reborn in a host of mind-made gods.

52. 52

    तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti जेतवनेje·ta·va·ne अनाथपिण्डिकस्सa·nā·tha·piṇ·ḍi·kas·sa आरामे।ā·rā·me

    Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

    At that time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.

53. 53

    अथa·tha खोkho उग्गोug·go देवपुत्तोde·va·put·to अभिक्कन्तायa·bhik·kan·tā·ya रत्तियाrat·ti·yā अभिक्कन्तवण्णोa·bhik·kan·ta·vaṇ·ṇo केवलकप्पंke·va·la·kap·paṃ जेतवनंje·ta·va·naṃ ओभासेत्वाo·bhā·set·vā येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ अभिवादेत्वाa·bhi·vā·det·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ अट्ठासि।aṭ·ṭhā·si एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ ठितंṭhi·taṃ खोkho उग्गंug·gaṃ देवपुत्तंde·va·put·taṃ भगवाbha·ga·vā एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

    Atha kho uggo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṁ jetavanaṁ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhitaṁ kho uggaṁ devaputtaṁ bhagavā etadavoca:

    Then, late at night, the glorious godling Ugga, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and stood to one side. The Buddha said to him,

54. 54

    “कच्चिkac·ci ते,te उग्ग,ug·ga यथाधिप्पायो”ति?ya·thā·dhip·pā·yo

    “kacci te, ugga, yathādhippāyo”ti?

    “Ugga, I trust it is all you wished?”

55. 55

    “तग्घtag·gha मे,me भगवा,bha·ga·vā यथाधिप्पायो”ति।ya·thā·dhip·pā·yo

    “Taggha me, bhagavā, yathādhippāyo”ti.

    “Sir, it is indeed just as I wished.”

56. 56

    अथa·tha खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā उग्गंug·gaṃ देवपुत्तंde·va·put·taṃ गाथाहिgā·thā·hi अज्झभासि:aj·jha·bhā·si

    Atha kho bhagavā uggaṁ devaputtaṁ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi:

    Then the Buddha addressed Ugga in verse:

57. 57

    “मनापदायीma·nā·pa·dā·yī लभतेla·bha·te मनापं,ma·nā·paṃ

    “Manāpadāyī labhate manāpaṁ,

    “The giver of the agreeable gets the agreeable,

58. 58

    अग्गस्सag·gas·sa दाताdā·tā लभतेla·bha·te पुनग्गं;pu·nag·gaṃ

    Aggassa dātā labhate punaggaṁ;

    the giver of the foremost gets the foremost,

59. 59

    वरस्सva·ras·sa दाताdā·tā वरलाभिva·ra·lā·bhi होति,ho·ti

    Varassa dātā varalābhi hoti,

    the giver of the excellent gets the excellent,

60. 60

    सेट्ठंseṭ·ṭhaṃ ददोda·do सेट्ठमुपेतिseṭ·ṭha·mu·pe·ti ठानं।ṭhā·naṃ

    Seṭṭhaṁ dado seṭṭhamupeti ṭhānaṁ.

    the giver of the best gets the best.

61. 61

    योyo अग्गदायीag·ga·dā·yī वरदायी,va·ra·dā·yī

    Yo aggadāyī varadāyī,

    A person who gives the foremost,

62. 62

    सेट्ठदायीseṭ·ṭha·dā·yī चca योyo नरो;na·ro

    seṭṭhadāyī ca yo naro;

    the excellent, the best:

63. 63

    दीघायुdī·ghā·yu यसवाya·sa·vā होति,ho·ti

    Dīghāyu yasavā hoti,

    they’re long-lived and famous

64. 64

    यत्थyat·tha यत्थूपपज्जती”ति।yat·thū·pa·paj·ja·tī

    yattha yatthūpapajjatī”ti.

    wherever they’re reborn.”

65. 65

    चतुत्थं।ca·tut·thaṃ

    Catutthaṁ.

    (Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.