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Numbered Discourses 9 1 अङ्गुत्तर 9 1

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Sambodhisutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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1

अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 9।1

Aṅguttara Nikāya 9.1

Numbered Discourses 9.1
2

1। सम्बोधिवग्गsam·bo·dhi·vag·ga

1. Sambodhivagga

1. Awakening
3

सम्बोधिसुत्तsam·bo·dhi·sut·ta

Sambodhisutta

Awakening
4

एवंe·vaṃ मेme सुतं—su·taṃ

Evaṁ me sutaṁ—

So I have heard.
5

एकंe·kaṃ समयंsa·ma·yaṃ भगवाbha·ga·vā सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti जेतवनेje·ta·va·ne अनाथपिण्डिकस्सa·nā·tha·piṇ·ḍi·kas·sa आरामे।ā·rā·me

ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
6

तत्रtat·ra खोkho भगवाbha·ga·vā भिक्खूbhik·khū आमन्तेसि:ā·man·te·si

Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:

There the Buddha addressed the mendicants:
7

“सचे,sa·ce भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अञ्ञतित्थियाañ·ña·tit·thi·yā परिब्बाजकाpa·rib·bā·ja·kā एवंe·vaṃ पुच्छेय्युं:puc·chey·yuṃ

“Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:

“Mendicants, if wanderers of other religions were to ask:
8

‘सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ काkā उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाया’ति,bhā·va·nā·yā एवंe·vaṃ पुट्ठाpuṭ·ṭhā तुम्हे,tum·he भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve तेसंte·saṃ अञ्ञतित्थियानंañ·ña·tit·thi·yā·naṃ परिब्बाजकानंpa·rib·bā·ja·kā·naṃ किन्तिkin·ti ब्याकरेय्याथा”ति?byā·ka·rey·yā·thā

‘sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ kā upanisā bhāvanāyā’ti, evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ kinti byākareyyāthā”ti?

‘Reverends, what is the vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening?’ How would you answer them?”
9

“भगवंमूलकाbha·ga·vaṃ·mū·la·kā नो,no भन्ते,bhan·te धम्माdham·mā …पे…pe भगवतोbha·ga·va·to सुत्वाsut·vā भिक्खूbhik·khū धारेस्सन्ती”ति।dhā·res·san·tī

“Bhagavaṁmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā …pe… bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti.

“Our teachings are rooted in the Buddha. … The mendicants will listen and remember it.”
10

“तेनte·na हि,hi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सुणाथ,su·ṇā·tha साधुकंsā·dhu·kaṃ मनसिma·na·si करोथ;ka·ro·tha भासिस्सामी”ति।bhā·sis·sā·mī

“Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti.

“Well then, mendicants, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”
11

“एवं,e·vaṃ भन्ते”तिbhan·te खोkho तेte भिक्खूbhik·khū भगवतोbha·ga·va·to पच्चस्सोसुं।pac·cas·so·suṃ

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.

“Yes, sir,” they replied.
12

भगवाbha·ga·vā एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

Bhagavā etadavoca:

The Buddha said this:
13

“सचे,sa·ce भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अञ्ञतित्थियाañ·ña·tit·thi·yā परिब्बाजकाpa·rib·bā·ja·kā एवंe·vaṃ पुच्छेय्युं:puc·chey·yuṃ

“Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:

“Mendicants, if wanderers of other religions were to ask:
14

‘सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ काkā उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाया’ति,bhā·va·nā·yā एवंe·vaṃ पुट्ठाpuṭ·ṭhā तुम्हे,tum·he भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve तेसंte·saṃ अञ्ञतित्थियानंañ·ña·tit·thi·yā·naṃ परिब्बाजकानंpa·rib·bā·ja·kā·naṃ एवंe·vaṃ ब्याकरेय्याथ:byā·ka·rey·yā·tha

‘sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ kā upanisā bhāvanāyā’ti, evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha:

‘Reverends, what is the vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening?’ You should answer them:
15

‘इधावुसो,i·dhā·vu·so भिक्खुbhik·khu कल्याणमित्तोkal·yā·ṇa·mit·to होतिho·ti कल्याणसहायोkal·yā·ṇa·sa·hā·yo कल्याणसम्पवङ्को।kal·yā·ṇa·sam·pa·vaṅ·ko

‘Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko.

‘It’s when a mendicant has good friends, companions, and associates.
16

सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ अयंa·yaṃ पठमाpa·ṭha·mā उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

Sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ ayaṁ paṭhamā upanisā bhāvanāya.

This is the first vital condition for the development of the awakening factors.
17

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so भिक्खुbhik·khu सीलवाsī·la·vā होति,ho·ti पातिमोक्खसंवरसंवुतोpā·ti·mok·kha·saṃ·va·ra·saṃ·vu·to विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti आचारगोचरसम्पन्नोā·cā·ra·go·ca·ra·sam·pan·no अणुमत्तेसुa·ṇu·mat·te·su वज्जेसुvaj·je·su भयदस्सावी,bha·ya·das·sā·vī समादायsa·mā·dā·ya सिक्खतिsik·kha·ti सिक्खापदेसु।sik·khā·pa·de·su

Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.

Furthermore, a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken.
18

सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ अयंa·yaṃ दुतियाdu·ti·yā उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

Sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ ayaṁ dutiyā upanisā bhāvanāya.

This is the second vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening.
19

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so भिक्खुbhik·khu यायंyā·yaṃ कथाka·thā अभिसल्लेखिकाa·bhi·sal·le·khi·kā चेतोविवरणसप्पाया,ce·to·vi·va·ra·ṇa·sap·pā·yā सेय्यथिदं—अप्पिच्छकथाsey·ya·thi·daṃ सन्तुट्ठिकथाsan·tuṭ·ṭhi·ka·thā पविवेककथाpa·vi·ve·ka·ka·thā असंसग्गकथाa·saṃ·sag·ga·ka·thā वीरियारम्भकथाvī·ri·yā·ram·bha·ka·thā सीलकथाsī·la·ka·thā समाधिकथाsa·mā·dhi·ka·thā पञ्ञाकथाpañ·ñā·ka·thā विमुत्तिकथाvi·mut·ti·ka·thā विमुत्तिञाणदस्सनकथा,vi·mut·ti·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·ka·thā एवरूपियाe·va·rū·pi·yā कथायka·thā·ya निकामलाभीni·kā·ma·lā·bhī होतिho·ti अकिच्छलाभीa·kic·cha·lā·bhī अकसिरलाभी।a·ka·si·ra·lā·bhī

Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāyaṁ kathā abhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṁ—appicchakathā santuṭṭhikathā pavivekakathā asaṁsaggakathā vīriyārambhakathā sīlakathā samādhikathā paññākathā vimuttikathā vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā, evarūpiyā kathāya nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.

Furthermore, a mendicant gets to take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart, when they want, without trouble or difficulty. That is, talk about fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, aloofness, arousing energy, ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom.
20

सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ अयंa·yaṃ ततियाta·ti·yā उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

Sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ ayaṁ tatiyā upanisā bhāvanāya.

This is the third vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening.
21

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so भिक्खुbhik·khu आरद्धवीरियोā·rad·dha·vī·ri·yo विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti अकुसलानंa·ku·sa·lā·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ पहानाय,pa·hā·nā·ya कुसलानंku·sa·lā·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ उपसम्पदाय,u·pa·sam·pa·dā·ya थामवाthā·ma·vā दळ्हपरक्कमोda·ḷha·pa·rak·ka·mo अनिक्खित्तधुरोa·nik·khit·ta·dhu·ro कुसलेसुku·sa·le·su धम्मेसु।dham·me·su

Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya, kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.

Furthermore, a mendicant lives with energy roused up for giving up unskillful qualities and embracing skillful qualities. They are strong, staunchly vigorous, not slacking off when it comes to developing skillful qualities.
22

सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ अयंa·yaṃ चतुत्थीca·tut·thī उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

Sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ ayaṁ catutthī upanisā bhāvanāya.

This is the fourth vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening.
23

पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so भिक्खुbhik·khu पञ्ञवाpañ·ña·vā होतिho·ti उदयत्थगामिनियाu·da·yat·tha·gā·mi·ni·yā पञ्ञायpañ·ñā·ya समन्नागतोsa·man·nā·ga·to अरियायa·ri·yā·ya निब्बेधिकायnib·be·dhi·kā·ya सम्माsam·mā दुक्खक्खयगामिनिया।duk·khak·kha·ya·gā·mi·ni·yā

Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā.

Furthermore, a mendicant is wise. They have the wisdom of arising and passing away which is noble, penetrative, and leads to the complete ending of suffering.
24

सम्बोधिपक्खिकानं,sam·bo·dhi·pak·khi·kā·naṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ अयंa·yaṃ पञ्चमीpañ·ca·mī उपनिसाu·pa·ni·sā भावनाय’।bhā·va·nā·ya

Sambodhipakkhikānaṁ, āvuso, dhammānaṁ ayaṁ pañcamī upanisā bhāvanāya’.

This is the fifth vital condition for the development of the qualities on the same side as awakening.’
25

कल्याणमित्तस्सेतं,kal·yā·ṇa·mit·tas·se·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पाटिकङ्खंpā·ṭi·kaṅ·khaṃ कल्याणसहायस्सkal·yā·ṇa·sa·hā·yas·sa कल्याणसम्पवङ्कस्स—kal·yā·ṇa·sam·pa·vaṅ·kas·sa

Kalyāṇamittassetaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṁ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa—

A mendicant with good friends, companions, and associates can expect to
26

सीलवाsī·la·vā भविस्सति,bha·vis·sa·ti पातिमोक्खसंवरसंवुतोpā·ti·mok·kha·saṃ·va·ra·saṃ·vu·to विहरिस्सतिvi·ha·ris·sa·ti आचारगोचरसम्पन्नोā·cā·ra·go·ca·ra·sam·pan·no अणुमत्तेसुa·ṇu·mat·te·su वज्जेसुvaj·je·su भयदस्सावी,bha·ya·das·sā·vī समादायsa·mā·dā·ya सिक्खिस्सतिsik·khis·sa·ti सिक्खापदेसु।sik·khā·pa·de·su

sīlavā bhavissati, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharissati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhissati sikkhāpadesu.

be ethical …
27

कल्याणमित्तस्सेतं,kal·yā·ṇa·mit·tas·se·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पाटिकङ्खंpā·ṭi·kaṅ·khaṃ कल्याणसहायस्सkal·yā·ṇa·sa·hā·yas·sa कल्याणसम्पवङ्कस्स—kal·yā·ṇa·sam·pa·vaṅ·kas·sa

Kalyāṇamittassetaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṁ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa—

A mendicant with good friends, companions, and associates can expect to
28

यायंyā·yaṃ कथाka·thā अभिसल्लेखिकाa·bhi·sal·le·khi·kā चेतोविवरणसप्पाया,ce·to·vi·va·ra·ṇa·sap·pā·yā सेय्यथिदं—अप्पिच्छकथाsey·ya·thi·daṃ सन्तुट्ठिकथाsan·tuṭ·ṭhi·ka·thā पविवेककथाpa·vi·ve·ka·ka·thā असंसग्गकथाa·saṃ·sag·ga·ka·thā वीरियारम्भकथाvī·ri·yā·ram·bha·ka·thā सीलकथाsī·la·ka·thā समाधिकथाsa·mā·dhi·ka·thā पञ्ञाकथाpañ·ñā·ka·thā विमुत्तिकथाvi·mut·ti·ka·thā विमुत्तिञाणदस्सनकथा,vi·mut·ti·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·ka·thā एवरूपियाe·va·rū·pi·yā कथायka·thā·ya निकामलाभीni·kā·ma·lā·bhī भविस्सतिbha·vis·sa·ti अकिच्छलाभीa·kic·cha·lā·bhī अकसिरलाभी।a·ka·si·ra·lā·bhī

yāyaṁ kathā abhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṁ—appicchakathā santuṭṭhikathā pavivekakathā asaṁsaggakathā vīriyārambhakathā sīlakathā samādhikathā paññākathā vimuttikathā vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā, evarūpiyā kathāya nikāmalābhī bhavissati akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.

take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart …
29

कल्याणमित्तस्सेतं,kal·yā·ṇa·mit·tas·se·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पाटिकङ्खंpā·ṭi·kaṅ·khaṃ कल्याणसहायस्सkal·yā·ṇa·sa·hā·yas·sa कल्याणसम्पवङ्कस्स—kal·yā·ṇa·sam·pa·vaṅ·kas·sa

Kalyāṇamittassetaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṁ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa—

A mendicant with good friends, companions, and associates can expect to
30

आरद्धवीरियोā·rad·dha·vī·ri·yo विहरिस्सतिvi·ha·ris·sa·ti अकुसलानंa·ku·sa·lā·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ पहानाय,pa·hā·nā·ya कुसलानंku·sa·lā·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ उपसम्पदाय,u·pa·sam·pa·dā·ya थामवाthā·ma·vā दळ्हपरक्कमोda·ḷha·pa·rak·ka·mo अनिक्खित्तधुरोa·nik·khit·ta·dhu·ro कुसलेसुku·sa·le·su धम्मेसु।dham·me·su

āraddhavīriyo viharissati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya, kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.

live with energy roused up …
31

कल्याणमित्तस्सेतं,kal·yā·ṇa·mit·tas·se·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पाटिकङ्खंpā·ṭi·kaṅ·khaṃ कल्याणसहायस्सkal·yā·ṇa·sa·hā·yas·sa कल्याणसम्पवङ्कस्स—kal·yā·ṇa·sam·pa·vaṅ·kas·sa

Kalyāṇamittassetaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṁ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa—

A mendicant with good friends, companions, and associates can expect to
32

पञ्ञवाpañ·ña·vā भविस्सतिbha·vis·sa·ti उदयत्थगामिनियाu·da·yat·tha·gā·mi·ni·yā पञ्ञायpañ·ñā·ya समन्नागतोsa·man·nā·ga·to अरियायa·ri·yā·ya निब्बेधिकायnib·be·dhi·kā·ya सम्माsam·mā दुक्खक्खयगामिनिया।duk·khak·kha·ya·gā·mi·ni·yā

paññavā bhavissati udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā.

be wise …
33

तेनte·na चca पन,pa·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनाbhik·khu·nā इमेसुi·me·su पञ्चसुpañ·ca·su धम्मेसुdham·me·su पतिट्ठायpa·tiṭ·ṭhā·ya चत्तारोcat·tā·ro धम्माdham·mā उत्तरिut·ta·ri भावेतब्बा—bhā·ve·tab·bā

Tena ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā imesu pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya cattāro dhammā uttari bhāvetabbā—

But then, a mendicant grounded on these five things should develop four further things.
34

असुभाa·su·bhā भावेतब्बाbhā·ve·tab·bā रागस्सrā·gas·sa पहानाय,pa·hā·nā·ya मेत्ताmet·tā भावेतब्बाbhā·ve·tab·bā ब्यापादस्सbyā·pā·das·sa पहानाय,pa·hā·nā·ya आनापानस्सतिā·nā·pā·nas·sa·ti भावेतब्बाbhā·ve·tab·bā वितक्कुपच्छेदाय,vi·tak·ku·pac·che·dā·ya अनिच्चसञ्ञाa·nic·ca·sañ·ñā भावेतब्बाbhā·ve·tab·bā अस्मिमानसमुग्घाताय।as·mi·mā·na·sa·mug·ghā·tā·ya

asubhā bhāvetabbā rāgassa pahānāya, mettā bhāvetabbā byāpādassa pahānāya, ānāpānassati bhāvetabbā vitakkupacchedāya, aniccasaññā bhāvetabbā asmimānasamugghātāya.

They should develop the perception of ugliness to give up greed, love to give up hate, mindfulness of breathing to cut off thinking, and perception of impermanence to uproot the conceit ‘I am’.
35

अनिच्चसञ्ञिनो,a·nic·ca·sañ·ñi·no भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अनत्तसञ्ञाa·nat·ta·sañ·ñā सण्ठाति।saṇ·ṭhā·ti

Aniccasaññino, bhikkhave, anattasaññā saṇṭhāti.

When you perceive impermanence, the perception of not-self becomes stabilized.
36

अनत्तसञ्ञीa·nat·ta·sañ·ñī अस्मिमानसमुग्घातंas·mi·mā·na·sa·mug·ghā·taṃ पापुणातिpā·pu·ṇā·ti दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me निब्बानन्”ति।nib·bā·nan

Anattasaññī asmimānasamugghātaṁ pāpuṇāti diṭṭheva dhamme nibbānan”ti.

Perceiving not-self, you uproot the conceit ‘I am’ and attain extinguishment in this very life.”
37

पठमं।pa·ṭha·maṃ

Paṭhamaṁ.

(Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.