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Monks’ Rules Analysis 70 भिक्खुविभङ्ग 70

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37. Vikālabhojanasikkhāpada

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

Verse: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657 · Hide pronunciation

1. 1

   थेरवादthe·ra·vā·da विनयvi·na·ya

   Theravāda Vinaya

   Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law

2. 2

   महाविभङ्गma·hā·vi·bhaṅ·ga

   Mahāvibhaṅga

   The Great Analysis

3. 3

   पाचित्तियकण्डpā·cit·ti·ya·kaṇ·ḍa

   Pācittiyakaṇḍa

   The chapter on offenses entailing confession

4. 4

   भोजनवग्गbho·ja·na·vag·ga

   Bhojanavagga

   The subchapter on eating

5. 5

   37। विकालभोजनसिक्खापदvi·kā·la·bho·ja·na·sik·khā·pa·da

   37. Vikālabhojanasikkhāpada

   Eating at the wrong time

6. 6

   Origin story

7. 7

   तेनte·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na बुद्धोbud·dho भगवाbha·ga·vā राजगहेrā·ja·ga·he विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti वेळुवनेve·ḷu·va·ne कलन्दकनिवापे।ka·lan·da·ka·ni·vā·pe

   Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.

   At one time when the Buddha was staying at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove,

8. 8

   तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na राजगहेrā·ja·ga·he गिरग्गसमज्जोgi·rag·ga·sa·maj·jo होति।ho·ti

   Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti.

   there was a hilltop fair in Rājagaha,

9. 9

   सत्तरसवग्गियाsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū गिरग्गसमज्जंgi·rag·ga·sa·maj·jaṃ दस्सनायdas·sa·nā·ya अगमंसु।a·ga·maṃ·su

   Sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū giraggasamajjaṁ dassanāya agamaṁsu.

   which the monks from the group of seventeen went to see.

10. 10

    मनुस्साma·nus·sā सत्तरसवग्गियेsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·ye भिक्खूbhik·khū पस्सित्वाpas·sit·vā नहापेत्वाna·hā·pet·vā विलिम्पेत्वाvi·lim·pet·vā भोजेत्वाbho·jet·vā खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ अदंसु।a·daṃ·su

    Manussā sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū passitvā nahāpetvā vilimpetvā bhojetvā khādanīyaṁ adaṁsu.

    When people saw the monks, they bathed them, anointed them, fed them cooked food, and gave them fresh food.

11. 11

    सत्तरसवग्गियाsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ आदायā·dā·ya आरामंā·rā·maṃ गन्त्वाgan·tvā छब्बग्गियेchab·bag·gi·ye भिक्खूbhik·khū एतदवोचुं—e·ta·da·vo·cuṃ

    Sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū khādanīyaṁ ādāya ārāmaṁ gantvā chabbaggiye bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—

    They took that food and brought it back to the monastery. And they said to the monks from the group of six,

12. 12

    “गण्हाथावुसो,gaṇ·hā·thā·vu·so खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ खादथा”ति।khā·da·thā

    “gaṇhāthāvuso, khādanīyaṁ khādathā”ti.

    “Help yourselves!”

13. 13

    “कुतोku·to तुम्हेहि,tum·he·hi आवुसो,ā·vu·so खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ लद्धन्”ति?lad·dhan

    “Kuto tumhehi, āvuso, khādanīyaṁ laddhan”ti?

    “But where did you get this food?”

14. 14

    सत्तरसवग्गियाsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū छब्बग्गियानंchab·bag·gi·yā·naṃ भिक्खूनंbhik·khū·naṃ एतमत्थंe·ta·mat·thaṃ आरोचेसुं।ā·ro·ce·suṃ

    Sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

    And they told them what had happened.

15. 15

    “किंkiṃ पनpa·na तुम्हे,tum·he आवुसो,ā·vu·so विकालेvi·kā·le भोजनंbho·ja·naṃ भुञ्जथा”ति?bhuñ·ja·thā

    “Kiṁ pana tumhe, āvuso, vikāle bhojanaṁ bhuñjathā”ti?

    “So, do you eat at the wrong time?”

16. 16

    “एवमावुसो”ति।e·va·mā·vu·so

    “Evamāvuso”ti.

    “Yes.”

17. 17

    छब्बग्गियाchab·bag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū उज्झायन्तिuj·jhā·yan·ti खिय्यन्तिkhiy·yan·ti विपाचेन्ति—vi·pā·cen·ti

    Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—

    The monks from the group of six complained and criticized them,

18. 18

    “कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma सत्तरसवग्गियाsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū विकालेvi·kā·le भोजनंbho·ja·naṃ भुञ्जिस्सन्ती”ति।bhuñ·jis·san·tī

    “kathañhi nāma sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vikāle bhojanaṁ bhuñjissantī”ti.

    “How can those monks from the group of seventeen eat at the wrong time?”

19. 19

    अथa·tha खोkho छब्बग्गियाchab·bag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū भिक्खूनंbhik·khū·naṃ एतमत्थंe·ta·mat·thaṃ आरोचेसुं।ā·ro·ce·suṃ

    Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

    They told the monks,

20. 20

    येye तेte भिक्खूbhik·khū अप्पिच्छाap·pic·chā …पे…pe तेte उज्झायन्तिuj·jhā·yan·ti खिय्यन्तिkhiy·yan·ti विपाचेन्ति—vi·pā·cen·ti

    Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—

    and the monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

21. 21

    “कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma सत्तरसवग्गियाsat·ta·ra·sa·vag·gi·yā भिक्खूbhik·khū विकालेvi·kā·le भोजनंbho·ja·naṃ भुञ्जिस्सन्ती”तिbhuñ·jis·san·tī …पे…pe

    “kathañhi nāma sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vikāle bhojanaṁ bhuñjissantī”ti …pe…

    “How can the monks from the group of seventeen eat at the wrong time?” …

22. 22

    “सच्चंsac·caṃ किरki·ra तुम्हे,tum·he भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve विकालेvi·kā·le भोजनंbho·ja·naṃ भुञ्जथा”ति?bhuñ·ja·thā

    “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, vikāle bhojanaṁ bhuñjathā”ti?

    “Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

23. 23

    “सच्चं,sac·caṃ भगवा”ति।bha·ga·vā

    “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

    “It’s true, sir.”

24. 24

    विगरहिvi·ga·ra·hi बुद्धोbud·dho भगवाbha·ga·vā …पे…pe

    Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…

    The Buddha rebuked them …

25. 25

    कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma तुम्हे,tum·he मोघपुरिसा,mo·gha·pu·ri·sā विकालेvi·kā·le भोजनंbho·ja·naṃ भुञ्जिस्सथ।bhuñ·jis·sa·tha

    kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, vikāle bhojanaṁ bhuñjissatha.

    “Foolish men, how can you do this?

26. 26

    नेतं,ne·taṃ मोघपुरिसा,mo·gha·pu·ri·sā अप्पसन्नानंap·pa·san·nā·naṃ वाvā पसादायpa·sā·dā·ya …पे…pe

    Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…

    This will affect people’s confidence …” …

27. 27

    एवञ्चe·vañ·ca पन,pa·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve इमंi·maṃ सिक्खापदंsik·khā·pa·daṃ उद्दिसेय्याथ—ud·di·sey·yā·tha

    evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

    “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

28. 28

    Final ruling

29. 29

    “योyo पनpa·na भिक्खुbhik·khu विकालेvi·kā·le खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ वाvā भोजनीयंbho·ja·nī·yaṃ वाvā खादेय्यkhā·dey·ya वाvā भुञ्जेय्यbhuñ·jey·ya वा,vā पाचित्तियन्”ति।pā·cit·ti·yan

    “Yo pana bhikkhu vikāle khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.

    ‘If a monk eats fresh or cooked food at the wrong time, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

30. 30

    Definitions

31. 31

    योyo पनातिpa·nā·ti

    Yo panāti

    A:

32. 32

    योyo यादिसोyā·di·so …पे…pe

    yo yādiso …pe…

    whoever …

33. 33

    भिक्खूतिbhik·khū·ti

    bhikkhūti

    Monk:

34. 34

    …पे…pe अयंa·yaṃ इमस्मिंi·mas·miṃ अत्थेat·the अधिप्पेतोa·dhip·pe·to भिक्खूति।bhik·khū·ti

    …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

    … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

35. 35

    विकालोvi·kā·lo नामnā·ma

    Vikālo nāma

    At the wrong time:

36. 36

    मज्झन्हिकेmaj·jhan·hi·ke वीतिवत्तेvī·ti·vat·te यावyā·va अरुणुग्गमना।a·ru·ṇug·ga·ma·nā

    majjhanhike vītivatte yāva aruṇuggamanā.

    when the middle of the day has passed, until dawn.

37. 37

    खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ नामnā·ma

    Khādanīyaṁ nāma

    Fresh food:

38. 38

    पञ्चpañ·ca भोजनानि—यामकालिकंbho·ja·nā·ni सत्ताहकालिकंsat·tā·ha·kā·li·kaṃ यावजीविकंyā·va·jī·vi·kaṃ ठपेत्वाṭha·pet·vā अवसेसंa·va·se·saṃ खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ नाम।nā·ma

    pañca bhojanāni—yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.

    apart from the five cooked foods, the post-midday tonics, the seven-day tonics, and the lifetime tonics, the rest is called “fresh food”.

39. 39

    भोजनीयंbho·ja·nī·yaṃ नामnā·ma

    Bhojanīyaṁ nāma

    Cooked food:

40. 40

    पञ्चpañ·ca भोजनानि—ओदनो,bho·ja·nā·ni कुम्मासो,kum·mā·so सत्तु,sat·tu मच्छो,mac·cho मंसं।maṃ·saṃ

    pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.

    there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat.

41. 41

    “खादिस्सामिkhā·dis·sā·mi भुञ्जिस्सामी”तिbhuñ·jis·sā·mī पटिग्गण्हाति,pa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·ti आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

    “Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

    If he receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

42. 42

    अज्झोहारेaj·jho·hā·re अज्झोहारेaj·jho·hā·re आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

    Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.

    For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

43. 43

    Permutations

44. 44

    विकालेvi·kā·le विकालसञ्ञीvi·kā·la·sañ·ñī खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ वाvā भोजनीयंbho·ja·nī·yaṃ वाvā खादतिkhā·da·ti वाvā भुञ्जतिbhuñ·ja·ti वा,vā आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

    Vikāle vikālasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

    If it is the wrong time, and he perceives it as such, and he eats fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.

45. 45

    विकालेvi·kā·le वेमतिकोve·ma·ti·ko खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ वाvā भोजनीयंbho·ja·nī·yaṃ वाvā खादतिkhā·da·ti वाvā भुञ्जतिbhuñ·ja·ti वा,vā आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

    Vikāle vematiko khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

    If it is the wrong time, but he is unsure of it, and he eats fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.

46. 46

    विकालेvi·kā·le कालसञ्ञीkā·la·sañ·ñī खादनीयंkhā·da·nī·yaṃ वाvā भोजनीयंbho·ja·nī·yaṃ वाvā खादतिkhā·da·ti वाvā भुञ्जतिbhuñ·ja·ti वा,vā आपत्तिā·pat·ti पाचित्तियस्स।pā·cit·ti·yas·sa

    Vikāle kālasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

    If it is the wrong time, but he perceives it as the right time, and he eats fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.

47. 47

    यामकालिकंyā·ma·kā·li·kaṃ सत्ताहकालिकंsat·tā·ha·kā·li·kaṃ यावजीविकंyā·va·jī·vi·kaṃ आहारत्थायā·hā·rat·thā·ya पटिग्गण्हाति,pa·ṭig·gaṇ·hā·ti आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

    Yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

    If he receives post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics for the purpose of food, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

48. 48

    अज्झोहारेaj·jho·hā·re अज्झोहारेaj·jho·hā·re आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

    Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.

    For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

49. 49

    कालेkā·le विकालसञ्ञी,vi·kā·la·sañ·ñī आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

    Kāle vikālasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

    If it is the right time, but he perceives it as the wrong time, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

50. 50

    कालेkā·le वेमतिको,ve·ma·ti·ko आपत्तिā·pat·ti दुक्कटस्स।duk·ka·ṭas·sa

    Kāle vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

    If it is the right time, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

51. 51

    कालेkā·le कालसञ्ञी,kā·la·sañ·ñī अनापत्ति।a·nā·pat·ti

    Kāle kālasaññī, anāpatti.

    If it is the right time, and he perceives it as such, there is no offense.

52. 52

    Non-offenses

53. 53

    अनापत्ति—a·nā·pat·ti

    Anāpatti—

    There is no offense:

54. 54

    यामकालिकंyā·ma·kā·li·kaṃ सत्ताहकालिकंsat·tā·ha·kā·li·kaṃ यावजीविकंyā·va·jī·vi·kaṃ सतिsa·ti पच्चयेpac·ca·ye परिभुञ्जति,pa·ri·bhuñ·ja·ti

    yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ sati paccaye paribhuñjati,

    if, when there is a reason, he uses post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics;

55. 55

    उम्मत्तकस्स,um·mat·ta·kas·sa

    ummattakassa,

    if he is insane;

56. 56

    आदिकम्मिकस्साति।ā·di·kam·mi·kas·sā·ti

    ādikammikassāti.

    if he is the first offender.

57. 57

    विकालभोजनसिक्खापदंvi·kā·la·bho·ja·na·sik·khā·pa·daṃ निट्ठितंniṭ·ṭhi·taṃ सत्तमं।sat·ta·maṃ

    Vikālabhojanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.

    The training rule on eating at the wrong time, the seventh, is finished.

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.