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Numbered Discourses 3 69 अङ्गुत्तर 3 69

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Akusalamūlasutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

Verse: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 · Hide pronunciation

1

अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 3।69

Aṅguttara Nikāya 3.69

Numbered Discourses 3.69
2

7। महावग्गma·hā·vag·ga

7. Mahāvagga

7. The Great Chapter
3

अकुसलमूलसुत्तa·ku·sa·la·mū·la·sut·ta

Akusalamūlasutta

Unskillful Roots
4

“तीणिमानि,tī·ṇi·mā·ni भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अकुसलमूलानि।a·ku·sa·la·mū·lā·ni

“Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, akusalamūlāni.

“Mendicants, there are these three unskillful roots.
5

कतमानिka·ta·mā·ni तीणि?tī·ṇi

Katamāni tīṇi?

What three?
6

लोभोlo·bho अकुसलमूलं,a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ दोसोdo·so अकुसलमूलं,a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ मोहोmo·ho अकुसलमूलं।a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ.

Greed, hate, and delusion.
7

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve लोभोlo·bho तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलमूलं;a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, lobho tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;

Greed is a root of the unskillful.
8

यदपिya·da·pi लुद्धोlud·dho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं;a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi luddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;

When a greedy person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful.
9

यदपिya·da·pi लुद्धोlud·dho लोभेनlo·bhe·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं।a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi luddho lobhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.

When a greedy person, overcome by greed, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful.
10

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me लोभजाlo·bha·jā लोभनिदानाlo·bha·ni·dā·nā लोभसमुदयाlo·bha·sa·mu·da·yā लोभपच्चयाlo·bha·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame lobhajā lobhanidānā lobhasamudayā lobhapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many bad, unskillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by greed.
11

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दोसोdo·so तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलमूलं;a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, doso tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;

Hate is a root of the unskillful.
12

यदपिya·da·pi दुट्ठोduṭ·ṭho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं;a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi duṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;

When a hateful person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful.
13

यदपिya·da·pi दुट्ठोduṭ·ṭho दोसेनdo·se·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं।a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi duṭṭho dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.

When a hateful person, overcome by hate, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful.
14

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me दोसजाdo·sa·jā दोसनिदानाdo·sa·ni·dā·nā दोससमुदयाdo·sa·sa·mu·da·yā दोसपच्चयाdo·sa·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame dosajā dosanidānā dosasamudayā dosapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many bad, unskillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by hate.
15

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve मोहोmo·ho तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलमूलं;a·ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, moho tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;

Delusion is a root of the unskillful.
16

यदपिya·da·pi मूळ्होmū·ḷho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं;a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi mūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;

When a deluded person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful.
17

यदपिya·da·pi मूळ्होmū·ḷho मोहेनmo·he·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi अकुसलं।a·ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi mūḷho mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.

When a deluded person, overcome by delusion, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful.
18

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me मोहजाmo·ha·jā मोहनिदानाmo·ha·ni·dā·nā मोहसमुदयाmo·ha·sa·mu·da·yā मोहपच्चयाmo·ha·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame mohajā mohanidānā mohasamudayā mohapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many bad, unskillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by delusion.
19

एवरूपोe·va·rū·po चायं,cā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti अकालवादीतिपि,a·kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi अभूतवादीतिपि,a·bhū·ta·vā·dī·ti·pi अनत्थवादीतिपि,a·nat·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi अधम्मवादीतिपि,a·dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi अविनयवादीतिपि।a·vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Evarūpo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi.

Such an individual is said to have speech that’s ill-timed, false, meaningless, not in line with the teaching and training.
20

कस्माkas·mā चायं,cā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एवरूपोe·va·rū·po पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti अकालवादीतिपि,a·kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi अभूतवादीतिपि,a·bhū·ta·vā·dī·ti·pi अनत्थवादीतिपि,a·nat·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi अधम्मवादीतिपि,a·dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi अविनयवादीतिपि?a·vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Kasmā cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi?

Why is this?
21

तथाहायं,ta·thā·hā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपि।i·ti·pi

Tathāhāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi.

This individual causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’.
22

भूतेनbhū·te·na खोkho पनpa·na वुच्चमानोvuc·ca·mā·no अवजानाति,a·va·jā·nā·ti नोno पटिजानाति;pa·ṭi·jā·nā·ti

Bhūtena kho pana vuccamāno avajānāti, no paṭijānāti;

So when someone makes a valid criticism, they’re scornful and admit nothing.
23

अभूतेनa·bhū·te·na वुच्चमानोvuc·ca·mā·no नna आतप्पंā·tap·paṃ करोति,ka·ro·ti तस्सtas·sa निब्बेठनायnib·be·ṭha·nā·ya इतिपेतंi·ti·pe·taṃ अतच्छंa·tac·chaṃ इतिपेतंi·ti·pe·taṃ अभूतन्ति।a·bhū·tan·ti

abhūtena vuccamāno na ātappaṁ karoti, tassa nibbeṭhanāya itipetaṁ atacchaṁ itipetaṁ abhūtanti.

When someone makes a baseless criticism, they make no effort to explain, ‘This is why that’s untrue, this is why that’s false.’
24

तस्माtas·mā एवरूपोe·va·rū·po पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti अकालवादीतिपि,a·kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi अभूतवादीतिपि,a·bhū·ta·vā·dī·ti·pi अनत्थवादीतिपि,a·nat·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi अधम्मवादीतिपि,a·dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi अविनयवादीतिपि।a·vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi.

That’s why such an individual is said to have speech that’s ill-timed, false, meaningless, not in line with the teaching and training.
25

एवरूपो,e·va·rū·po भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo लोभजेहिlo·bha·je·hi पापकेहिpā·pa·ke·hi अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहिdham·me·hi अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to दिट्ठेdiṭ·ṭhe चेवce·va धम्मेdham·me दुक्खंduk·khaṃ विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti सविघातंsa·vi·ghā·taṃ सउपायासंsa·u·pā·yā·saṃ सपरिळाहं।sa·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

Evarūpo, bhikkhave, puggalo lobhajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṁ viharati, savighātaṁ saupāyāsaṁ sapariḷāhaṁ.

Such an individual—overcome with bad, unskillful qualities born of greed, hate, and delusion—suffers in this very life, with distress, anguish, and fever.
26

कायस्सkā·yas·sa चca भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā दुग्गतिdug·ga·ti पाटिकङ्खा।pā·ṭi·kaṅ·khā

Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

And when the body breaks up, after death, they can expect to be reborn in a bad place.
27

दोसजेहिdo·sa·je·hi …पे…pe

Dosajehi …pe…

(Pāli only)
28

मोहजेहिmo·ha·je·hi पापकेहिpā·pa·ke·hi अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहिdham·me·hi अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to दिट्ठेdiṭ·ṭhe चेवce·va धम्मेdham·me दुक्खंduk·khaṃ विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti सविघातंsa·vi·ghā·taṃ सउपायासंsa·u·pā·yā·saṃ सपरिळाहं।sa·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

mohajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṁ viharati, savighātaṁ saupāyāsaṁ sapariḷāhaṁ.

(Pāli only)
29

कायस्सkā·yas·sa चca भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā दुग्गतिdug·ga·ti पाटिकङ्खा।pā·ṭi·kaṅ·khā

Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

(Pāli only)
30

सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सालोsā·lo वाvā धवोdha·vo वाvā फन्दनोphan·da·no वाvā तीहिtī·hi मालुवालताहिmā·lu·vā·la·tā·hi उद्धस्तोud·dhas·to परियोनद्धोpa·ri·yo·nad·dho अनयंa·na·yaṃ आपज्जति,ā·paj·ja·ti ब्यसनंbya·sa·naṃ आपज्जति,ā·paj·ja·ti अनयब्यसनंa·na·yab·ya·sa·naṃ आपज्जति;ā·paj·ja·ti

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sālo vā dhavo vā phandano vā tīhi māluvālatāhi uddhasto pariyonaddho anayaṁ āpajjati, byasanaṁ āpajjati, anayabyasanaṁ āpajjati;

Suppose a sal, axlewood, or sandan tree was choked and enveloped by three camel’s foot creepers. It would fall to ruin and disaster.
31

एवमेवंe·va·me·vaṃ खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एवरूपोe·va·rū·po पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo लोभजेहिlo·bha·je·hi पापकेहिpā·pa·ke·hi अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहिdham·me·hi अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to दिट्ठेdiṭ·ṭhe चेवce·va धम्मेdham·me दुक्खंduk·khaṃ विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti सविघातंsa·vi·ghā·taṃ सउपायासंsa·u·pā·yā·saṃ सपरिळाहं।sa·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo lobhajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṁ viharati, savighātaṁ saupāyāsaṁ sapariḷāhaṁ.

In the same way, such an individual—overcome with bad, unskillful qualities born of greed, hate, and delusion—suffers in this very life, with distress, anguish, and fever.
32

कायस्सkā·yas·sa चca भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā दुग्गतिdug·ga·ti पाटिकङ्खा।pā·ṭi·kaṅ·khā

Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

And when the body breaks up, after death, they can expect to be reborn in a bad place.
33

दोसजेहिdo·sa·je·hi …पे…pe

Dosajehi …pe…

(Pāli only)
34

मोहजेहिmo·ha·je·hi पापकेहिpā·pa·ke·hi अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहिdham·me·hi अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to दिट्ठेdiṭ·ṭhe चेवce·va धम्मेdham·me दुक्खंduk·khaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti सविघातंsa·vi·ghā·taṃ सउपायासंsa·u·pā·yā·saṃ सपरिळाहं।sa·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

mohajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṁ viharati savighātaṁ saupāyāsaṁ sapariḷāhaṁ.

(Pāli only)
35

कायस्सkā·yas·sa चca भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā दुग्गतिdug·ga·ti पाटिकङ्खा।pā·ṭi·kaṅ·khā

Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

(Pāli only)
36

इमानिi·mā·ni खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve तीणिtī·ṇi अकुसलमूलानीति।a·ku·sa·la·mū·lā·nī·ti

Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi akusalamūlānīti.

These are the three unskillful roots.
37

तीणिमानि,tī·ṇi·mā·ni भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कुसलमूलानि।ku·sa·la·mū·lā·ni

Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, kusalamūlāni.

There are these three skillful roots.
38

कतमानिka·ta·mā·ni तीणि?tī·ṇi

Katamāni tīṇi?

What three?
39

अलोभोa·lo·bho कुसलमूलं,ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ अदोसोa·do·so कुसलमूलं,ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ अमोहोa·mo·ho कुसलमूलं।ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ.

Contentment, love, and understanding.
40

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अलोभोa·lo·bho तदपिta·da·pi कुसलमूलं;ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, alobho tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;

Contentment is a root of the skillful.
41

यदपिya·da·pi अलुद्धोa·lud·dho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं;ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi aluddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;

When a contented person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful.
42

यदपिya·da·pi अलुद्धोa·lud·dho लोभेनlo·bhe·na अनभिभूतोa·na·bhi·bhū·to अपरियादिन्नचित्तोa·pa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to नna परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं।ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi aluddho lobhena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.

When a contented person, not overcome by greed, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
43

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me अलोभजाa·lo·bha·jā अलोभनिदानाa·lo·bha·ni·dā·nā अलोभसमुदयाa·lo·bha·sa·mu·da·yā अलोभपच्चयाa·lo·bha·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke कुसलाku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame alobhajā alobhanidānā alobhasamudayā alobhapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many skillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by contentment.
44

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अदोसोa·do·so तदपिta·da·pi कुसलमूलं;ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, adoso tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;

Love is a root of the skillful.
45

यदपिya·da·pi अदुट्ठोa·duṭ·ṭho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं;ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi aduṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;

When a loving person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful.
46

यदपिya·da·pi अदुट्ठोa·duṭ·ṭho दोसेनdo·se·na अनभिभूतोa·na·bhi·bhū·to अपरियादिन्नचित्तोa·pa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to नna परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं।ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi aduṭṭho dosena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.

When a loving person, not overcome by hate, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
47

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me अदोसजाa·do·sa·jā अदोसनिदानाa·do·sa·ni·dā·nā अदोससमुदयाa·do·sa·sa·mu·da·yā अदोसपच्चयाa·do·sa·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke कुसलाku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame adosajā adosanidānā adosasamudayā adosapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many skillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by love.
48

यदपि,ya·da·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अमोहोa·mo·ho तदपिta·da·pi कुसलमूलं;ku·sa·la·mū·laṃ

Yadapi, bhikkhave, amoho tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;

Understanding is a root of the skillful.
49

यदपिya·da·pi अमूळ्होa·mū·ḷho अभिसङ्खरोतिa·bhi·saṅ·kha·ro·ti कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसाma·na·sā तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं;ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi amūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;

When an understanding person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful.
50

यदपिya·da·pi अमूळ्होa·mū·ḷho मोहेनmo·he·na अनभिभूतोa·na·bhi·bhū·to अपरियादिन्नचित्तोa·pa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to नna परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपिi·ti·pi तदपिta·da·pi कुसलं।ku·sa·laṃ

yadapi amūḷho mohena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.

When an understanding person, not overcome by delusion, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
51

इतिस्समेi·tis·sa·me अमोहजाa·mo·ha·jā अमोहनिदानाa·mo·ha·ni·dā·nā अमोहसमुदयाa·mo·ha·sa·mu·da·yā अमोहपच्चयाa·mo·ha·pac·ca·yā अनेकेa·ne·ke कुसलाku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā सम्भवन्ति।sam·bha·van·ti

Itissame amohajā amohanidānā amohasamudayā amohapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti.

And so these many skillful things are produced in them, born, sourced, originated, and conditioned by understanding.
52

एवरूपोe·va·rū·po चायं,cā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti कालवादीतिपि,kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi भूतवादीतिपि,bhū·ta·vā·dī·ti·pi अत्थवादीतिपि,at·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi धम्मवादीतिपि,dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi विनयवादीतिपि।vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Evarūpo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, bhūtavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi.

Such an individual is said to have speech that’s well-timed, true, meaningful, in line with the teaching and training.
53

कस्माkas·mā चायं,cā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एवरूपोe·va·rū·po पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti कालवादीतिपि,kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi भूतवादीतिपि,bhū·ta·vā·dī·ti·pi अत्थवादीतिपि,at·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi धम्मवादीतिपि,dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi विनयवादीतिपि?vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Kasmā cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, bhūtavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi?

Why is this?
54

तथाहायं,ta·thā·hā·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo नna परस्सpa·ras·sa असताa·sa·tā दुक्खंduk·khaṃ उप्पादयतिup·pā·da·ya·ti वधेनva·dhe·na वाvā बन्धनेनban·dha·ne·na वाvā जानियाjā·ni·yā वाvā गरहायga·ra·hā·ya वाvā पब्बाजनायpab·bā·ja·nā·ya वाvā बलवम्हिba·la·vam·hi बलत्थोba·lat·tho इतिपि।i·ti·pi

Tathāhāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi.

This individual doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’.
55

भूतेनbhū·te·na खोkho पनpa·na वुच्चमानोvuc·ca·mā·no पटिजानातिpa·ṭi·jā·nā·ti नोno अवजानाति;a·va·jā·nā·ti

Bhūtena kho pana vuccamāno paṭijānāti no avajānāti;

So when someone makes a valid criticism, they admit it and aren’t scornful.
56

अभूतेनa·bhū·te·na वुच्चमानोvuc·ca·mā·no आतप्पंā·tap·paṃ करोतिka·ro·ti तस्सtas·sa निब्बेठनाय:nib·be·ṭha·nā·ya

abhūtena vuccamāno ātappaṁ karoti tassa nibbeṭhanāya:

When someone makes a baseless criticism, they make an effort to explain,
57

‘इतिपेतंi·ti·pe·taṃ अतच्छं,a·tac·chaṃ इतिपेतंi·ti·pe·taṃ अभूतन्’ति।a·bhū·tan

‘itipetaṁ atacchaṁ, itipetaṁ abhūtan’ti.

‘This is why that’s untrue, this is why that’s false.’
58

तस्माtas·mā एवरूपोe·va·rū·po पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo वुच्चतिvuc·ca·ti कालवादीतिपि,kā·la·vā·dī·ti·pi अत्थवादीतिपि,at·tha·vā·dī·ti·pi धम्मवादीतिपि,dham·ma·vā·dī·ti·pi विनयवादीतिपि।vi·na·ya·vā·dī·ti·pi

Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi.

That’s why such an individual is said to have speech that’s well-timed, true, meaningful, in line with the teaching and training.
59

एवरूपस्स,e·va·rū·pas·sa भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पुग्गलस्सpug·ga·las·sa लोभजाlo·bha·jā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā पहीनाpa·hī·nā उच्छिन्नमूलाuc·chin·na·mū·lā तालावत्थुकताtā·lā·vat·thu·ka·tā अनभावङ्कताa·na·bhā·vaṅ·ka·tā आयतिंā·ya·tiṃ अनुप्पादधम्मा।a·nup·pā·da·dham·mā

Evarūpassa, bhikkhave, puggalassa lobhajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā.

For such an individual, bad unskillful qualities born of greed, hate, and delusion are cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
60

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me सुखंsu·khaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti अविघातंa·vi·ghā·taṃ अनुपायासंa·nu·pā·yā·saṃ अपरिळाहं।a·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṁ viharati avighātaṁ anupāyāsaṁ apariḷāhaṁ.

In this very life they’re happy, free of distress, anguish, and fever,
61

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me परिनिब्बायति।pa·ri·nib·bā·ya·ti

Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati.

and they’re also extinguished in this very life.
62

दोसजाdo·sa·jā …पे…pe

Dosajā …pe…

(Pāli only)
63

परिनिब्बायति।pa·ri·nib·bā·ya·ti

parinibbāyati.

(Pāli only)
64

मोहजाmo·ha·jā …पे…pe

Mohajā …pe…

(Pāli only)
65

परिनिब्बायति।pa·ri·nib·bā·ya·ti

parinibbāyati.

(Pāli only)
66

सेय्यथापिsey·ya·thā·pi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सालोsā·lo वाvā धवोdha·vo वाvā फन्दनोphan·da·no वाvā तीहिtī·hi मालुवालताहिmā·lu·vā·la·tā·hi उद्धस्तोud·dhas·to परियोनद्धो।pa·ri·yo·nad·dho

Seyyathāpi bhikkhave, sālo vā dhavo vā phandano vā tīhi māluvālatāhi uddhasto pariyonaddho.

Suppose a sal, axlewood, or sandan tree was choked and enveloped by three camel’s foot creepers.
67

अथa·tha पुरिसोpu·ri·so आगच्छेय्यā·gac·chey·ya कुदालपिटकंku·dā·la·pi·ṭa·kaṃ आदाय।ā·dā·ya

Atha puriso āgaccheyya kudālapiṭakaṁ ādāya.

Then along comes a person with a spade and basket.
68

सोso तंtaṃ मालुवालतंmā·lu·vā·la·taṃ मूलेmū·le छिन्देय्य,chin·dey·ya मूलेmū·le छेत्वाchet·vā पलिखणेय्य,pa·li·kha·ṇey·ya पलिखणित्वाpa·li·kha·ṇit·vā मूलानिmū·lā·ni उद्धरेय्य,ud·dha·rey·ya अन्तमसोan·ta·ma·so उसीरनाळिमत्तानिपि।u·sī·ra·nā·ḷi·mat·tā·ni·pi

So taṁ māluvālataṁ mūle chindeyya, mūle chetvā palikhaṇeyya, palikhaṇitvā mūlāni uddhareyya, antamaso usīranāḷimattānipi.

They’d cut the creeper out by the roots, dig them up, and pull them out, down to the fibers and stems.
69

सोso तंtaṃ मालुवालतंmā·lu·vā·la·taṃ खण्डाखण्डिकंkhaṇ·ḍā·khaṇ·ḍi·kaṃ छिन्देय्य,chin·dey·ya खण्डाखण्डिकंkhaṇ·ḍā·khaṇ·ḍi·kaṃ छेत्वाchet·vā फालेय्य,phā·ley·ya फालेत्वाphā·let·vā सकलिकंsa·ka·li·kaṃ सकलिकंsa·ka·li·kaṃ करेय्य,ka·rey·ya सकलिकंsa·ka·li·kaṃ सकलिकंsa·ka·li·kaṃ करित्वाka·rit·vā वातातपेvā·tā·ta·pe विसोसेय्य,vi·so·sey·ya वातातपेvā·tā·ta·pe विसोसेत्वाvi·so·set·vā अग्गिनाag·gi·nā डहेय्य,ḍa·hey·ya अग्गिनाag·gi·nā डहित्वाḍa·hit·vā मसिंma·siṃ करेय्य,ka·rey·ya मसिंma·siṃ करित्वाka·rit·vā महावातेma·hā·vā·te वाvā ओफुणेय्यo·phu·ṇey·ya नदियाna·di·yā वाvā सीघसोतायsī·gha·so·tā·ya पवाहेय्य।pa·vā·hey·ya

So taṁ māluvālataṁ khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṁ chindeyya, khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṁ chetvā phāleyya, phāletvā sakalikaṁ sakalikaṁ kareyya, sakalikaṁ sakalikaṁ karitvā vātātape visoseyya, vātātape visosetvā agginā ḍaheyya, agginā ḍahitvā masiṁ kareyya, masiṁ karitvā mahāvāte vā ophuṇeyya nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya.

Then they’d split the creeper apart, cut up the parts, and chop it into splinters. They’d dry the splinters in the wind and sun, burn them with fire, and reduce them to ashes. Then they’d whisk away the ashes in a strong wind, or glide them down a swift stream.
70

एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa ता,tā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve मालुवालताmā·lu·vā·la·tā उच्छिन्नमूलाuc·chin·na·mū·lā तालावत्थुकताtā·lā·vat·thu·ka·tā अनभावङ्कताa·na·bhā·vaṅ·ka·tā आयतिंā·ya·tiṃ अनुप्पादधम्मा।a·nup·pā·da·dham·mā

Evamassa tā, bhikkhave, māluvālatā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā.

So those camel’s foot creepers would be cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, and obliterated, unable to arise in the future.
71

एवमेवंe·va·me·vaṃ खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एवरूपस्सe·va·rū·pas·sa पुग्गलस्सpug·ga·las·sa लोभजाlo·bha·jā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā पहीनाpa·hī·nā उच्छिन्नमूलाuc·chin·na·mū·lā तालावत्थुकताtā·lā·vat·thu·ka·tā अनभावङ्कताa·na·bhā·vaṅ·ka·tā आयतिंā·ya·tiṃ अनुप्पादधम्मा।a·nup·pā·da·dham·mā

Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, evarūpassa puggalassa lobhajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā.

In the same way, for such an individual, bad unskillful qualities born of greed, hate, and delusion are cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
72

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me सुखंsu·khaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti अविघातंa·vi·ghā·taṃ अनुपायासंa·nu·pā·yā·saṃ अपरिळाहं।a·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṁ viharati avighātaṁ anupāyāsaṁ apariḷāhaṁ.

In this very life they’re happy, free of distress, anguish, and fever,
73

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me परिनिब्बायति।pa·ri·nib·bā·ya·ti

Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati.

and they’re also extinguished in this very life.
74

दोसजाdo·sa·jā …पे…pe

Dosajā …pe…

(Pāli only)
75

मोहजाmo·ha·jā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā पहीनाpa·hī·nā उच्छिन्नमूलाuc·chin·na·mū·lā तालावत्थुकताtā·lā·vat·thu·ka·tā अनभावङ्कताa·na·bhā·vaṅ·ka·tā आयतिंā·ya·tiṃ अनुप्पादधम्मा।a·nup·pā·da·dham·mā

mohajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā.

(Pāli only)
76

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me सुखंsu·khaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti अविघातंa·vi·ghā·taṃ अनुपायासंa·nu·pā·yā·saṃ अपरिळाहं।a·pa·ri·ḷā·haṃ

Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṁ viharati avighātaṁ anupāyāsaṁ apariḷāhaṁ.

(Pāli only)
77

दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मेdham·me परिनिब्बायति।pa·ri·nib·bā·ya·ti

Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati.

(Pāli only)
78

इमानिi·mā·ni खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve तीणिtī·ṇi कुसलमूलानी”ति।ku·sa·la·mū·lā·nī

Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi kusalamūlānī”ti.

These are the three skillful roots.”
79

नवमं।na·va·maṃ

Navamaṁ.

(Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.