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Numbered Discourses 6 63 अङ्गुत्तर 6 63

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Nibbedhikasutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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  1. 1

    अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 6।63

    Aṅguttara Nikāya 6.63

    Numbered Discourses 6.63

  2. 2

    6। महावग्गma·hā·vag·ga

    6. Mahāvagga

    6. The Great Chapter

  3. 3

    निब्बेधिकसुत्तnib·be·dhi·ka·sut·ta

    Nibbedhikasutta

    Penetrative

  4. 4

    “निब्बेधिकपरियायंnib·be·dhi·ka·pa·ri·yā·yaṃ वो,vo भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve धम्मपरियायंdham·ma·pa·ri·yā·yaṃ देसेस्सामि।de·ses·sā·mi

    “Nibbedhikapariyāyaṁ vo, bhikkhave, dhammapariyāyaṁ desessāmi.

    “Mendicants, I will teach you a penetrative exposition of the teaching.

  5. 5

    तंtaṃ सुणाथ,su·ṇā·tha साधुकंsā·dhu·kaṃ मनसिma·na·si करोथ,ka·ro·tha भासिस्सामी”ति।bhā·sis·sā·mī

    Taṁ suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.

    Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

  6. 6

    “एवं,e·vaṃ भन्ते”तिbhan·te खोkho तेte भिक्खूbhik·khū भगवतोbha·ga·va·to पच्चस्सोसुं।pac·cas·so·suṃ

    “Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.

    “Yes, sir,” they replied.

  7. 7

    भगवाbha·ga·vā एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

    Bhagavā etadavoca:

    The Buddha said this:

  8. 8

    “कतमोka·ta·mo चca सो,so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निब्बेधिकपरियायोnib·be·dhi·ka·pa·ri·yā·yo धम्मपरियायो?dham·ma·pa·ri·yā·yo

    “Katamo ca so, bhikkhave, nibbedhikapariyāyo dhammapariyāyo?

    “Mendicants, what is the penetrative exposition of the teaching?

  9. 9

    कामा,kā·mā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā कामानंkā·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामानंkā·mā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā कामानंkā·mā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामनिरोधोkā·ma·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामनिरोधगामिनीkā·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Kāmā, bhikkhave, veditabbā, kāmānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, kāmānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, kāmānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, kāmanirodho veditabbo, kāmanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Sensual pleasures should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.

  10. 10

    वेदना,ve·da·nā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo वेदनानिरोधोve·da·nā·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo वेदनानिरोधगामिनीve·da·nā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Vedanā, bhikkhave, veditabbā, vedanānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, vedanānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, vedanānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, vedanānirodho veditabbo, vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Feelings should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.

  11. 11

    सञ्ञा,sañ·ñā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo सञ्ञानिरोधोsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo सञ्ञानिरोधगामिनीsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Saññā, bhikkhave, veditabbā, saññānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, saññānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, saññānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, saññānirodho veditabbo, saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Perceptions should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.

  12. 12

    आसवा,ā·sa·vā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo आसवनिरोधोā·sa·va·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo आसवनिरोधगामिनीā·sa·va·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Āsavā, bhikkhave, veditabbā, āsavānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, āsavānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, āsavānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, āsavanirodho veditabbo, āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Defilements should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.

  13. 13

    कम्मं,kam·maṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बं,ve·di·tab·baṃ कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कम्मनिरोधोkam·ma·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कम्मनिरोधगामिनीkam·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Kammaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ, kammānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, kammānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, kammānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, kammanirodho veditabbo, kammanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Deeds should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.

  14. 14

    दुक्खं,duk·khaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बं,ve·di·tab·baṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधोduk·kha·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधगामिनीduk·kha·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा।ve·di·tab·bā

    Dukkhaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ, dukkhassa nidānasambhavo veditabbo, dukkhassa vemattatā veditabbā, dukkhassa vipāko veditabbo, dukkhanirodho veditabbo, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā.

    Suffering should be known. And its source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to its cessation should be known.

  15. 15

    ‘कामा,kā·mā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā कामानंkā·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामानंkā·mā·naṃ वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā कामानंkā·mā·naṃ विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामनिरोधोkā·ma·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo कामनिरोधगामिनीkā·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बा’ति,ve·di·tab·bā इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    ‘Kāmā, bhikkhave, veditabbā, kāmānaṁ nidānasambhavo veditabbo, kāmānaṁ vemattatā veditabbā, kāmānaṁ vipāko veditabbo, kāmanirodho veditabbo, kāmanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbā’ti, iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ.

    ‘Sensual pleasures should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’ That’s what I said,

  16. 16

    किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    Kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    but why did I say it?

  17. 17

    पञ्चिमे,pañ·ci·me भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामगुणा—kā·ma·gu·ṇā

    Pañcime, bhikkhave, kāmaguṇā—

    There are these five kinds of sensual stimulation.

  18. 18

    चक्खुविञ्ञेय्याcak·khu·viñ·ñey·yā रूपाrū·pā इट्ठाiṭ·ṭhā कन्ताkan·tā मनापाma·nā·pā पियरूपाpi·ya·rū·pā कामूपसंहिताkā·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·tā रजनीया,ra·ja·nī·yā

    cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā,

    Sights known by the eye, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.

  19. 19

    सोतविञ्ञेय्याso·ta·viñ·ñey·yā सद्दाsad·dā …

    sotaviññeyyā saddā …

    Sounds known by the ear …

  20. 20

    घानविञ्ञेय्याghā·na·viñ·ñey·yā गन्धाgan·dhā …

    ghānaviññeyyā gandhā …

    Smells known by the nose …

  21. 21

    जिव्हाविञ्ञेय्याjiv·hā·viñ·ñey·yā रसाra·sā …

    jivhāviññeyyā rasā …

    Tastes known by the tongue …

  22. 22

    कायविञ्ञेय्याkā·ya·viñ·ñey·yā फोट्ठब्बाphoṭ·ṭhab·bā इट्ठाiṭ·ṭhā कन्ताkan·tā मनापाma·nā·pā पियरूपाpi·ya·rū·pā कामूपसंहिताkā·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·tā रजनीया।ra·ja·nī·yā

    kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā.

    Touches known by the body, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.

  23. 23

    अपिa·pi चca खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve नेतेne·te कामाkā·mā कामगुणाkā·ma·gu·ṇā नामेतेnā·me·te अरियस्सa·ri·yas·sa विनयेvi·na·ye वुच्चन्ति—vuc·can·ti

    Api ca kho, bhikkhave, nete kāmā kāmaguṇā nāmete ariyassa vinaye vuccanti—

    However, these are not sensual pleasures. In the training of the Noble One they’re called ‘kinds of sensual stimulation’.

  24. 24

    सङ्कप्परागोsaṅ·kap·pa·rā·go पुरिसस्सpu·ri·sas·sa कामो,kā·mo

    Saṅkapparāgo purisassa kāmo,

    Greedy intention is a person’s sensual pleasure.

  25. 25

    नेतेne·te कामाkā·mā यानिyā·ni चित्रानिcit·rā·ni लोके;lo·ke

    Nete kāmā yāni citrāni loke;

    The world’s pretty things aren’t sensual pleasures.

  26. 26

    सङ्कप्परागोsaṅ·kap·pa·rā·go पुरिसस्सpu·ri·sas·sa कामो,kā·mo

    Saṅkapparāgo purisassa kāmo,

    Greedy intention is a person’s sensual pleasure.

  27. 27

    तिट्ठन्तिtiṭ·ṭhan·ti चित्रानिcit·rā·ni तथेवta·the·va लोके;lo·ke

    Tiṭṭhanti citrāni tatheva loke;

    The world’s pretty things stay just as they are,

  28. 28

    अथेत्थa·thet·tha धीराdhī·rā विनयन्तिvi·na·yan·ti छन्दन्ति।chan·dan·ti

    Athettha dhīrā vinayanti chandanti.

    but the attentive remove desire for them.

  29. 29

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of sensual pleasures?

  30. 30

    फस्सो,phas·so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Phasso, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ nidānasambhavo.

    Contact is their source.

  31. 31

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ vemattatā?

    And what is the diversity of sensual pleasures?

  32. 32

    अञ्ञो,añ·ño भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामोkā·mo रूपेसु,rū·pe·su अञ्ञोañ·ño कामोkā·mo सद्देसु,sad·de·su अञ्ञोañ·ño कामोkā·mo गन्धेसु,gan·dhe·su अञ्ञोañ·ño कामोkā·mo रसेसु,ra·se·su अञ्ञोañ·ño कामोkā·mo फोट्ठब्बेसु।phoṭ·ṭhab·be·su

    Añño, bhikkhave, kāmo rūpesu, añño kāmo saddesu, añño kāmo gandhesu, añño kāmo rasesu, añño kāmo phoṭṭhabbesu.

    The sensual desire for sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches are all different.

  33. 33

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ vemattatā.

    This is called the diversity of sensual pleasures.

  34. 34

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ vipāko?

    And what is the result of sensual pleasures?

  35. 35

    यंyaṃ खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामयमानोkā·ma·ya·mā·no तज्जंtaj·jaṃ तज्जंtaj·jaṃ अत्तभावंat·ta·bhā·vaṃ अभिनिब्बत्तेतिa·bhi·nib·bat·te·ti पुञ्ञभागियंpuñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वाvā अपुञ्ञभागियंa·puñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वा,vā अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामानंkā·mā·naṃ विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    Yaṁ kho, bhikkhave, kāmayamāno tajjaṁ tajjaṁ attabhāvaṁ abhinibbatteti puññabhāgiyaṁ vā apuññabhāgiyaṁ vā, ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kāmānaṁ vipāko.

    When one who desires sensual pleasures generates a corresponding incarnation, partaking of either good or bad deeds—this is called the result of sensual pleasures.

  36. 36

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामनिरोधो?kā·ma·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kāmanirodho?

    And what is the cessation of sensual pleasures?

  37. 37

    फस्सनिरोधो,phas·sa·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कामनिरोधो।kā·ma·ni·ro·dho

    Phassanirodho, bhikkhave, kāmanirodho.

    When contact ceases, sensual pleasures cease.

  38. 38

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go कामनिरोधगामिनीkā·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo kāmanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of sensual pleasures is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  39. 39

    सम्मादिट्ठि,sam·mā·diṭ·ṭhi सम्मासङ्कप्पो,sam·mā·saṅ·kap·po सम्मावाचा,sam·mā·vā·cā सम्माकम्मन्तो,sam·mā·kam·man·to सम्माआजीवो,sam·mā·ā·jī·vo सम्मावायामो,sam·mā·vā·yā·mo सम्मासति,sam·mā·sa·ti सम्मासमाधि।sam·mā·sa·mā·dhi

    sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.

    right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.

  40. 40

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ कामेkā·me पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कामानंkā·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कामानंkā·mā·naṃ वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कामानंkā·mā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कामनिरोधंkā·ma·ni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कामनिरोधगामिनिंkā·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti कामनिरोधं।kā·ma·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ kāme pajānāti, evaṁ kāmānaṁ nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kāmānaṁ vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kāmānaṁ vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kāmanirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kāmanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti, so imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti kāmanirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands sensual pleasures in this way—and understands their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation—they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of sensual pleasures.

  41. 41

    कामा,kā·mā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe कामनिरोधगामिनीkā·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Kāmā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… kāmanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Sensual pleasures should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  42. 42

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  43. 43

    वेदना,ve·da·nā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe वेदनानिरोधगामिनीve·da·nā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Vedanā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Feelings should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  44. 44

    इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं।vut·taṃ किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ. Kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    That’s what I said, but why did I say it?

  45. 45

    तिस्सोtis·so इमा,i·mā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदना—ve·da·nā

    Tisso imā, bhikkhave, vedanā—

    There are these three feelings:

  46. 46

    सुखाsu·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā दुक्खाduk·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अदुक्खमसुखाa·duk·kha·ma·su·khā वेदना।ve·da·nā

    sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā.

    pleasant, painful, and neutral.

  47. 47

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of feelings?

  48. 48

    फस्सो,phas·so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Phasso, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ nidānasambhavo.

    Contact is their source.

  49. 49

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ vemattatā?

    And what is the diversity of feelings?

  50. 50

    अत्थि,at·thi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सामिसाsā·mi·sā सुखाsu·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अत्थिat·thi निरामिसाni·rā·mi·sā सुखाsu·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अत्थिat·thi सामिसाsā·mi·sā दुक्खाduk·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अत्थिat·thi निरामिसाni·rā·mi·sā दुक्खाduk·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अत्थिat·thi सामिसाsā·mi·sā अदुक्खमसुखाa·duk·kha·ma·su·khā वेदना,ve·da·nā अत्थिat·thi निरामिसाni·rā·mi·sā अदुक्खमसुखाa·duk·kha·ma·su·khā वेदना।ve·da·nā

    Atthi, bhikkhave, sāmisā sukhā vedanā, atthi nirāmisā sukhā vedanā, atthi sāmisā dukkhā vedanā, atthi nirāmisā dukkhā vedanā, atthi sāmisā adukkhamasukhā vedanā, atthi nirāmisā adukkhamasukhā vedanā.

    There are pleasant feelings of the flesh, pleasant feelings not of the flesh, painful feelings of the flesh, painful feelings not of the flesh, neutral feelings of the flesh, and neutral feelings not of the flesh.

  51. 51

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ vemattatā.

    This is called the disparity of feelings.

  52. 52

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ vipāko?

    And what is the result of feelings?

  53. 53

    यंyaṃ खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदियमानोve·di·ya·mā·no तज्जंtaj·jaṃ तज्जंtaj·jaṃ अत्तभावंat·ta·bhā·vaṃ अभिनिब्बत्तेतिa·bhi·nib·bat·te·ti पुञ्ञभागियंpuñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वाvā अपुञ्ञभागियंa·puñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वा,vā

    Yaṁ kho, bhikkhave, vediyamāno tajjaṁ tajjaṁ attabhāvaṁ abhinibbatteti puññabhāgiyaṁ vā apuññabhāgiyaṁ vā,

    When one who feels generates a corresponding incarnation, partaking of either good or bad deeds—

  54. 54

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanānaṁ vipāko.

    this is called the result of feelings.

  55. 55

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानिरोधो?ve·da·nā·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, vedanānirodho?

    And what is the cessation of feelings?

  56. 56

    फस्सनिरोधो,phas·sa·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदनानिरोधो।ve·da·nā·ni·ro·dho

    Phassanirodho, bhikkhave, vedanānirodho.

    When contact ceases, feelings cease.

  57. 57

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go वेदनानिरोधगामिनीve·da·nā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of feelings is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  58. 58
  59. 59

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ वेदनंve·da·naṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ वेदनानंve·da·nā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ वेदनानिरोधंve·da·nā·ni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ वेदनानिरोधगामिनिंve·da·nā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति।pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti वेदनानिरोधं।ve·da·nā·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ vedanaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ vedanānaṁ nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ vedanānaṁ vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ vedanānaṁ vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ vedanānirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ vedanānirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti. So imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti vedanānirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands feelings in this way … they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of feelings.

  60. 60

    वेदना,ve·da·nā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe वेदनानिरोधगामिनीve·da·nā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Vedanā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Feelings should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  61. 61

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  62. 62

    सञ्ञा,sañ·ñā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe सञ्ञानिरोधगामिनीsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Saññā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Perceptions should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  63. 63

    इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं।vut·taṃ किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ. Kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    That’s what I said, but why did I say it?

  64. 64

    छयिमा,cha·yi·mā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञा—sañ·ñā

    Chayimā, bhikkhave, saññā—

    There are these six perceptions:

  65. 65

    रूपसञ्ञा,rū·pa·sañ·ñā सद्दसञ्ञा,sad·da·sañ·ñā गन्धसञ्ञा,gan·dha·sañ·ñā रससञ्ञा,ra·sa·sañ·ñā फोट्ठब्बसञ्ञा,phoṭ·ṭhab·ba·sañ·ñā धम्मसञ्ञा।dham·ma·sañ·ñā

    rūpasaññā, saddasaññā, gandhasaññā, rasasaññā, phoṭṭhabbasaññā, dhammasaññā.

    perceptions of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas.

  66. 66

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of perceptions?

  67. 67

    फस्सो,phas·so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Phasso, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ nidānasambhavo.

    Contact is their source.

  68. 68

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ vemattatā?

    And what is the diversity of perceptions?

  69. 69

    अञ्ञा,añ·ñā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञाsañ·ñā रूपेसु,rū·pe·su अञ्ञाañ·ñā सञ्ञाsañ·ñā सद्देसु,sad·de·su अञ्ञाañ·ñā सञ्ञाsañ·ñā गन्धेसु,gan·dhe·su अञ्ञाañ·ñā सञ्ञाsañ·ñā रसेसु,ra·se·su अञ्ञाañ·ñā सञ्ञाsañ·ñā फोट्ठब्बेसु,phoṭ·ṭhab·be·su अञ्ञाañ·ñā सञ्ञाsañ·ñā धम्मेसु।dham·me·su

    Aññā, bhikkhave, saññā rūpesu, aññā saññā saddesu, aññā saññā gandhesu, aññā saññā rasesu, aññā saññā phoṭṭhabbesu, aññā saññā dhammesu.

    The perceptions of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas are all different.

  70. 70

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ vemattatā.

    This is called the diversity of perceptions.

  71. 71

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ vipāko?

    And what is the result of perceptions?

  72. 72

    वोहारवेपक्कं,vo·hā·ra·ve·pak·kaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञंsañ·ñaṃ वदामि।va·dā·mi

    Vohāravepakkaṁ, bhikkhave, saññaṁ vadāmi.

    Communication is the result of perception, I say.

  73. 73

    यथाya·thā यथाya·thā नंnaṃ सञ्जानातिsañ·jā·nā·ti तथाta·thā तथाta·thā वोहरति,vo·ha·ra·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञीsañ·ñī अहोसिन्ति।a·ho·sin·ti

    Yathā yathā naṁ sañjānāti tathā tathā voharati, evaṁ saññī ahosinti.

    You communicate something in whatever manner you perceive it, saying ‘That’s what I perceived.’

  74. 74

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, saññānaṁ vipāko.

    This is called the result of perceptions.

  75. 75

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानिरोधो?sañ·ñā·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, saññānirodho?

    And what is the cessation of perception?

  76. 76

    फस्सनिरोधो,phas·sa·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सञ्ञानिरोधो।sañ·ñā·ni·ro·dho

    Phassanirodho, bhikkhave, saññānirodho.

    When contact ceases, perception ceases.

  77. 77

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go सञ्ञानिरोधगामिनीsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of perceptions is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  78. 78
  79. 79

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञंsañ·ñaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञानंsañ·ñā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञानिरोधंsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञानिरोधगामिनिंsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti सञ्ञानिरोधं।sañ·ñā·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ saññaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ saññānaṁ nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ saññānaṁ vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ saññānaṁ vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ saññānirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ saññānirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti, so imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti saññānirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands perception in this way … they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of perception.

  80. 80

    सञ्ञा,sañ·ñā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe सञ्ञानिरोधगामिनीsañ·ñā·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति।ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Saññā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti.

    ‘Perceptions should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  81. 81

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    Iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  82. 82

    आसवा,ā·sa·vā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe आसवनिरोधगामिनीā·sa·va·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Āsavā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Defilements should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  83. 83

    इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं।vut·taṃ किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ. Kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    That’s what I said, but why did I say it?

  84. 84

    तयोमे,ta·yo·me भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवा—ā·sa·vā

    Tayome, bhikkhave, āsavā—

    There are these three defilements:

  85. 85

    कामासवो,kā·mā·sa·vo भवासवो,bha·vā·sa·vo अविज्जासवो।a·vij·jā·sa·vo

    kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, avijjāsavo.

    the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance.

  86. 86

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of defilements?

  87. 87

    अविज्जा,a·vij·jā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Avijjā, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ nidānasambhavo.

    Ignorance is the source of defilements.

  88. 88

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ vemattatā?

    And what is the disparity of defilements?

  89. 89

    अत्थि,at·thi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवाā·sa·vā निरयगमनीया,ni·ra·ya·ga·ma·nī·yā अत्थिat·thi आसवाā·sa·vā तिरच्छानयोनिगमनीया,ti·rac·chā·na·yo·ni·ga·ma·nī·yā अत्थिat·thi आसवाā·sa·vā पेत्तिविसयगमनीया,pet·ti·vi·sa·ya·ga·ma·nī·yā अत्थिat·thi आसवाā·sa·vā मनुस्सलोकगमनीया,ma·nus·sa·lo·ka·ga·ma·nī·yā अत्थिat·thi आसवाā·sa·vā देवलोकगमनीया।de·va·lo·ka·ga·ma·nī·yā

    Atthi, bhikkhave, āsavā nirayagamanīyā, atthi āsavā tiracchānayonigamanīyā, atthi āsavā pettivisayagamanīyā, atthi āsavā manussalokagamanīyā, atthi āsavā devalokagamanīyā.

    There are defilements that lead to rebirth in hell, the animal realm, the ghost realm, the human world, and the world of the gods.

  90. 90

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ vemattatā.

    This is called the disparity of defilements.

  91. 91

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ vipāko?

    And what is the result of defilements?

  92. 92

    यंyaṃ खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अविज्जागतोa·vij·jā·ga·to तज्जंtaj·jaṃ तज्जंtaj·jaṃ अत्तभावंat·ta·bhā·vaṃ अभिनिब्बत्तेतिa·bhi·nib·bat·te·ti पुञ्ञभागियंpuñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वाvā अपुञ्ञभागियंa·puñ·ña·bhā·gi·yaṃ वा,vā अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    Yaṁ kho, bhikkhave, avijjāgato tajjaṁ tajjaṁ attabhāvaṁ abhinibbatteti puññabhāgiyaṁ vā apuññabhāgiyaṁ vā, ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, āsavānaṁ vipāko.

    When one who is ignorant generates a corresponding incarnation, partaking of either good or bad deeds—this is called the result of defilements.

  93. 93

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवनिरोधो?ā·sa·va·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, āsavanirodho?

    And what is the cessation of defilements?

  94. 94

    अविज्जानिरोधो,a·vij·jā·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve आसवनिरोधो।ā·sa·va·ni·ro·dho

    Avijjānirodho, bhikkhave, āsavanirodho.

    When ignorance ceases, defilements cease.

  95. 95

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go आसवनिरोधगामिनीā·sa·va·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of defilements is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  96. 96
  97. 97

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ आसवेā·sa·ve पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निरोधंni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ आसवानंā·sa·vā·naṃ निरोधगामिनिंni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti आसवनिरोधं।ā·sa·va·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ āsave pajānāti, evaṁ āsavānaṁ nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ āsavānaṁ vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ āsavānaṁ vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ āsavānaṁ nirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ āsavānaṁ nirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti, so imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti āsavanirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands defilements in this way … they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of defilements.

  98. 98

    आसवा,ā·sa·vā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बाve·di·tab·bā …पे…pe आसवनिरोधगामिनीā·sa·va·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति।ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Āsavā, bhikkhave, veditabbā …pe… āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti.

    ‘Defilements should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  99. 99

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    Iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  100. 100

    कम्मं,kam·maṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बंve·di·tab·baṃ …पे…pe कम्मनिरोधगामिनीkam·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    Kammaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ …pe… kammanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti, iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ.

    ‘Deeds should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’ That’s what I said,

  101. 101

    किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    Kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    but why did I say it?

  102. 102

    चेतनाहं,ce·ta·nā·haṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मंkam·maṃ वदामि।va·dā·mi

    Cetanāhaṁ, bhikkhave, kammaṁ vadāmi.

    It is intention that I call deeds.

  103. 103

    चेतयित्वाce·ta·yit·vā कम्मंkam·maṃ करोति—ka·ro·ti

    Cetayitvā kammaṁ karoti—

    For after making a choice one acts

  104. 104

    कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा।ma·na·sā

    kāyena vācāya manasā.

    by way of body, speech, and mind.

  105. 105

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of deeds?

  106. 106

    फस्सो,phas·so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Phasso, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ nidānasambhavo.

    Contact is their source.

  107. 107

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ vemattatā?

    And what is the disparity of deeds?

  108. 108

    अत्थि,at·thi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मंkam·maṃ निरयवेदनीयं,ni·ra·ya·ve·da·nī·yaṃ अत्थिat·thi कम्मंkam·maṃ तिरच्छानयोनिवेदनीयं,ti·rac·chā·na·yo·ni·ve·da·nī·yaṃ अत्थिat·thi कम्मंkam·maṃ पेत्तिविसयवेदनीयं,pet·ti·vi·sa·ya·ve·da·nī·yaṃ अत्थिat·thi कम्मंkam·maṃ मनुस्सलोकवेदनीयं,ma·nus·sa·lo·ka·ve·da·nī·yaṃ अत्थिat·thi कम्मंkam·maṃ देवलोकवेदनीयं।de·va·lo·ka·ve·da·nī·yaṃ

    Atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṁ nirayavedanīyaṁ, atthi kammaṁ tiracchānayonivedanīyaṁ, atthi kammaṁ pettivisayavedanīyaṁ, atthi kammaṁ manussalokavedanīyaṁ, atthi kammaṁ devalokavedanīyaṁ.

    There are deeds that lead to rebirth in hell, the animal realm, the ghost realm, the human world, and the world of the gods.

  109. 109

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ vemattatā.

    This is called the disparity of deeds.

  110. 110

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ vipāko?

    And what is the result of deeds?

  111. 111

    तिविधाहं,ti·vi·dhā·haṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ वदामि—va·dā·mi

    Tividhāhaṁ, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ vipākaṁ vadāmi—

    The result of deeds is threefold, I say:

  112. 112

    दिट्ठेवdiṭ·ṭhe·va धम्मे,dham·me उपपज्जेu·pa·paj·je वा,vā अपरेa·pa·re वाvā परियाये।pa·ri·yā·ye

    diṭṭheva dhamme, upapajje vā, apare vā pariyāye.

    in this very life, on rebirth in the next life, or at some later time.

  113. 113

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kammānaṁ vipāko.

    This is called the result of deeds.

  114. 114

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मनिरोधो?kam·ma·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kammanirodho?

    And what is the cessation of deeds?

  115. 115

    फस्सनिरोधो,phas·sa·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve कम्मनिरोधो।kam·ma·ni·ro·dho

    Phassanirodho, bhikkhave, kammanirodho.

    When contact ceases, deeds cease.

  116. 116

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go कम्मनिरोधगामिनीkam·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo kammanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of deeds is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  117. 117
  118. 118

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कम्मानंkam·mā·naṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कम्मनिरोधंkam·ma·ni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ कम्मनिरोधगामिनिंkam·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti कम्मनिरोधं।kam·ma·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ kammaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kammānaṁ nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kammānaṁ vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kammānaṁ vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kammanirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kammanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti, so imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti kammanirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands deeds in this way … they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of deeds.

  119. 119

    कम्मं,kam·maṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बंve·di·tab·baṃ …पे…pe कम्मनिरोधगामिनीkam·ma·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति,ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Kammaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ …pe… kammanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti,

    ‘Deeds should be known. And their source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to their cessation should be known.’

  120. 120

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  121. 121

    दुक्खं,duk·khaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बं,ve·di·tab·baṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधोduk·kha·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधगामिनीduk·kha·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति।ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Dukkhaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ, dukkhassa nidānasambhavo veditabbo, dukkhassa vemattatā veditabbā, dukkhassa vipāko veditabbo, dukkhanirodho veditabbo, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti.

    ‘Suffering should be known. And its source, disparity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to its cessation should be known.’

  122. 122

    इतिi·ti खोkho पनेतंpa·ne·taṃ वुत्तं,vut·taṃ किञ्चेतंkiñ·ce·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं?vut·taṃ

    Iti kho panetaṁ vuttaṁ, kiñcetaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ?

    That’s what I said, but why did I say it?

  123. 123

    जातिपिjā·ti·pi दुक्खा,duk·khā जरापिja·rā·pi दुक्खा,duk·khā ब्याधिपिbyā·dhi·pi दुक्खो,duk·kho मरणम्पिma·ra·ṇam·pi दुक्खं,duk·khaṃ सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासापिso·ka·pa·ri·de·va·duk·kha·do·ma·nas·su·pā·yā·sā·pi दुक्खा,duk·khā यम्पिच्छंyam·pic·chaṃ नna लभतिla·bha·ti तम्पिtam·pi दुक्खं,duk·khaṃ सङ्खित्तेनsaṅ·khit·te·na पञ्चुपादानक्खन्धाpañ·cu·pā·dā·nak·khan·dhā दुक्खा।duk·khā

    Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, byādhipi dukkho, maraṇampi dukkhaṁ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.

    Rebirth is suffering; old age is suffering; illness is suffering; death is suffering; sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress are suffering; not getting what you wish for is suffering. In brief, the five grasping aggregates are suffering.

  124. 124

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवो?ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa nidānasambhavo?

    And what is the source of suffering?

  125. 125

    तण्हा,taṇ·hā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवो।ni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo

    Taṇhā, bhikkhave, dukkhassa nidānasambhavo.

    Craving is the source of suffering.

  126. 126

    कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्तता?ve·mat·ta·tā

    Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa vemattatā?

    And what is the disparity of suffering?

  127. 127

    अत्थि,at·thi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खंduk·khaṃ अधिमत्तं,a·dhi·mat·taṃ अत्थिat·thi परित्तं,pa·rit·taṃ अत्थिat·thi दन्धविरागि,dan·dha·vi·rā·gi अत्थिat·thi खिप्पविरागि।khip·pa·vi·rā·gi

    Atthi, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ adhimattaṁ, atthi parittaṁ, atthi dandhavirāgi, atthi khippavirāgi.

    There is suffering that is severe, mild, slow to fade, and quick to fade.

  128. 128

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्तता।ve·mat·ta·tā

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhassa vemattatā.

    This is called the disparity of suffering.

  129. 129

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाको?vi·pā·ko

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa vipāko?

    And what is the result of suffering?

  130. 130

    इध,i·dha भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एकच्चोe·kac·co येनye·na दुक्खेनduk·khe·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to सोचतिso·ca·ti किलमतिki·la·ma·ti परिदेवति,pa·ri·de·va·ti उरत्ताळिंu·rat·tā·ḷiṃ कन्दति,kan·da·ti सम्मोहंsam·mo·haṃ आपज्जति,ā·paj·ja·ti येनye·na वाvā पनpa·na दुक्खेनduk·khe·na अभिभूतोa·bhi·bhū·to परियादिन्नचित्तोpa·ri·yā·din·na·cit·to बहिद्धाba·hid·dhā परियेट्ठिंpa·ri·yeṭ·ṭhiṃ आपज्जति:ā·paj·ja·ti

    Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco yena dukkhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṁ kandati, sammohaṁ āpajjati, yena vā pana dukkhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto bahiddhā pariyeṭṭhiṁ āpajjati:

    It’s when someone who is overcome and overwhelmed by suffering sorrows and wails and laments, beating their breast and falling into confusion. Or else, overcome by that suffering, they begin an external search, wondering:

  131. 131

    ‘कोko एकपदंe·ka·pa·daṃ द्विपदंdvi·pa·daṃ जानातिjā·nā·ti इमस्सi·mas·sa दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निरोधाया’ति?ni·ro·dhā·yā

    ‘ko ekapadaṁ dvipadaṁ jānāti imassa dukkhassa nirodhāyā’ti?

    ‘Who knows one or two phrases to stop this suffering?’

  132. 132

    सम्मोहवेपक्कंsam·mo·ha·ve·pak·kaṃ वाहं,vā·haṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खंduk·khaṃ वदामिva·dā·mi परियेट्ठिवेपक्कंpa·ri·yeṭ·ṭhi·ve·pak·kaṃ वा।vā

    Sammohavepakkaṁ vāhaṁ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ vadāmi pariyeṭṭhivepakkaṁ vā.

    The result of suffering is either confusion or a search, I say.

  133. 133

    अयंa·yaṃ वुच्चति,vuc·ca·ti भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाको।vi·pā·ko

    Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhassa vipāko.

    This is called the result of suffering.

  134. 134

    कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खनिरोधो?duk·kha·ni·ro·dho

    Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodho?

    And what is the cessation of suffering?

  135. 135

    तण्हानिरोधो,taṇ·hā·ni·ro·dho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve दुक्खनिरोधो।duk·kha·ni·ro·dho

    Taṇhānirodho, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodho.

    When craving ceases, suffering ceases.

  136. 136

    अयमेवa·ya·me·va अरियोa·ri·yo अट्ठङ्गिकोaṭ·ṭhaṅ·gi·ko मग्गोmag·go दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निरोधगामिनीni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदा,pa·ṭi·pa·dā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

    Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo dukkhassa nirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṁ—

    The practice that leads to the cessation of suffering is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

  137. 137
  138. 138

    यतोya·to खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अरियसावकोa·ri·ya·sā·va·ko एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खंduk·khaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवंni·dā·na·sam·bha·vaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्ततंve·mat·ta·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खनिरोधंduk·kha·ni·ro·dhaṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti एवंe·vaṃ दुक्खनिरोधगामिनिंduk·kha·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·niṃ पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti सोso इमंi·maṃ निब्बेधिकंnib·be·dhi·kaṃ ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti दुक्खनिरोधं।duk·kha·ni·ro·dhaṃ

    Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ dukkhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ dukkhassa nidānasambhavaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ dukkhassa vemattataṁ pajānāti, evaṁ dukkhassa vipākaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ dukkhanirodhaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ pajānāti, so imaṁ nibbedhikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pajānāti dukkhanirodhaṁ.

    When a noble disciple understands suffering in this way … they understand that this penetrative spiritual life is the cessation of suffering.

  139. 139

    दुक्खं,duk·khaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve वेदितब्बं,ve·di·tab·baṃ दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa निदानसम्भवोni·dā·na·sam·bha·vo वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa वेमत्तताve·mat·ta·tā वेदितब्बा,ve·di·tab·bā दुक्खस्सduk·khas·sa विपाकोvi·pā·ko वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधोduk·kha·ni·ro·dho वेदितब्बो,ve·di·tab·bo दुक्खनिरोधगामिनीduk·kha·ni·ro·dha·gā·mi·nī पटिपदाpa·ṭi·pa·dā वेदितब्बाति।ve·di·tab·bā·ti

    Dukkhaṁ, bhikkhave, veditabbaṁ, dukkhassa nidānasambhavo veditabbo, dukkhassa vemattatā veditabbā, dukkhassa vipāko veditabbo, dukkhanirodho veditabbo, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā veditabbāti.

    ‘Suffering should be known. And its source, diversity, result, cessation, and the practice that leads to its cessation should be known.’

  140. 140

    इतिi·ti यंyaṃ तंtaṃ वुत्तंvut·taṃ इदमेतंi·da·me·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca वुत्तं।vut·taṃ

    Iti yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ idametaṁ paṭicca vuttaṁ.

    That’s what I said, and this is why I said it.

  141. 141

    अयंa·yaṃ खोkho सो,so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निब्बेधिकपरियायोnib·be·dhi·ka·pa·ri·yā·yo धम्मपरियायो”ति।dham·ma·pa·ri·yā·yo

    Ayaṁ kho so, bhikkhave, nibbedhikapariyāyo dhammapariyāyo”ti.

    This is the penetrative exposition of the teaching.”

  142. 142

    नवमं।na·va·maṃ

    Navamaṁ.

    (Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.