Scripture · Sanskrit Bible with the King James Version · the Pāli Canon
Linked Discourses 35 115 संयुत्त निकाय 35।1 115
Chapter: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201
Lohiccasutta
Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.
Verse: 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485868788 · Hide pronunciation
-
1
Linked Discourses 35.132
-
2
13। गहपतिवग्गga·ha·pa·ti·vag·ga
13. Gahapativagga
13. Householders
-
3
लोहिच्चसुत्तlo·hic·ca·sut·ta
Lohiccasutta
-
4
एकंe·kaṃ समयंsa·ma·yaṃ आयस्माā·yas·mā महाकच्चानोma·hā·kac·cā·no अवन्तीसुa·van·tī·su विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti मक्करकतेmak·ka·ra·ka·te अरञ्ञकुटिकायं।a·rañ·ña·ku·ṭi·kā·yaṃ
Ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati makkarakate araññakuṭikāyaṁ.
At one time Venerable Mahākaccāna was staying in the land of the Avantis in a wilderness hut near Makkarakaṭa.
-
5
अथa·tha खोkho लोहिच्चस्सlo·hic·cas·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa सम्बहुलाsam·ba·hu·lā अन्तेवासिकाan·te·vā·si·kā कट्ठहारकाkaṭ·ṭha·hā·ra·kā माणवकाmā·ṇa·va·kā येनायस्मतोye·nā·yas·ma·to महाकच्चानस्सma·hā·kac·cā·nas·sa अरञ्ञकुटिकाa·rañ·ña·ku·ṭi·kā तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·miṃ·su उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā परितोpa·ri·to परितोpa·ri·to कुटिकायku·ṭi·kā·ya अनुचङ्कमन्तिa·nu·caṅ·ka·man·ti अनुविचरन्तिa·nu·vi·ca·ran·ti उच्चासद्दाuc·cā·sad·dā महासद्दाma·hā·sad·dā कानिचिkā·ni·ci कानिचिkā·ni·ci सेलेय्यकानिse·ley·ya·kā·ni करोन्ति:ka·ron·ti
Atha kho lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa sambahulā antevāsikā kaṭṭhahārakā māṇavakā yenāyasmato mahākaccānassa araññakuṭikā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā parito parito kuṭikāya anucaṅkamanti anuvicaranti uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kānici kānici seleyyakāni karonti:
Then several students, pupils of the brahmin Lohicca, approached Mahākaccāna’s wilderness hut while collecting firewood. They walked and wandered all around the hut, making a colossal racket and all kinds of jeers:
-
6
“इमेi·me पनpa·na मुण्डकाmuṇ·ḍa·kā समणकाsa·ma·ṇa·kā इब्भाib·bhā कण्हाkaṇ·hā बन्धुपादापच्चा,ban·dhu·pā·dā·pac·cā इमेसंi·me·saṃ भरतकानंbha·ra·ta·kā·naṃ सक्कताsak·ka·tā गरुकताga·ru·ka·tā मानिताmā·ni·tā पूजिताpū·ji·tā अपचिता”ति।a·pa·ci·tā
“ime pana muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā, imesaṁ bharatakānaṁ sakkatā garukatā mānitā pūjitā apacitā”ti.
“These shavelings, fake ascetics, primitives, black spawn from the feet of our kinsman, the Lord! They’re honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed by so-called inheritors of Vedic culture.”
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
-
20
कोधाभिभूताko·dhā·bhi·bhū·tā पुथुअत्तदण्डा,pu·thu·at·ta·daṇ·ḍā
Kodhābhibhūtā puthuattadaṇḍā,
-
21
विरज्जमानाvi·raj·ja·mā·nā सतण्हातण्हेसु।sa·taṇ·hā·taṇ·he·su
Virajjamānā sataṇhātaṇhesu.
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
-
29
उदकाचमनानिu·da·kā·ca·ma·nā·ni च;ca
udakācamanāni ca;
- 30
- 31
- 32
-
33
विप्पसन्नमनाविलं;vip·pa·san·na·ma·nā·vi·laṃ
vippasannamanāvilaṁ;
- 34
-
35
सोso मग्गोmag·go ब्रह्मपत्तिया”ति।brah·ma·pat·ti·yā
so maggo brahmapattiyā”ti.
-
36
अथa·tha खोkho तेte माणवकाmā·ṇa·va·kā कुपिताku·pi·tā अनत्तमनाa·nat·ta·ma·nā येनye·na लोहिच्चोlo·hic·co ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·miṃ·su उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā लोहिच्चंlo·hic·caṃ ब्राह्मणंbrāh·ma·ṇaṃ एतदवोचुं:e·ta·da·vo·cuṃ
Atha kho te māṇavakā kupitā anattamanā yena lohicco brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā lohiccaṁ brāhmaṇaṁ etadavocuṁ:
Then those young students, offended and upset, went to the brahmin Lohicca and said to him,
-
37
“यग्घेyag·ghe भवंbha·vaṃ जानेय्य,jā·ney·ya समणोsa·ma·ṇo महाकच्चानोma·hā·kac·cā·no ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ मन्तेman·te एकंसेनe·kaṃ·se·na अपवदति,a·pa·va·da·ti पटिक्कोसती”ति?pa·ṭik·ko·sa·tī
“yagghe bhavaṁ jāneyya, samaṇo mahākaccāno brāhmaṇānaṁ mante ekaṁsena apavadati, paṭikkosatī”ti?
“Please, master, you should know this. The ascetic Mahākaccāna condemns and rejects outright the hymns of the brahmins!”
- 38
-
39
अथa·tha खोkho लोहिच्चस्सlo·hic·cas·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa एतदहोसि:e·ta·da·ho·si
Atha kho lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi:
-
40
“नna खोkho पनpa·na मेतंme·taṃ पतिरूपंpa·ti·rū·paṃ योहंyo·haṃ अञ्ञदत्थुañ·ña·dat·thu माणवकानंयेवmā·ṇa·va·kā·naṃ·ye·va सुत्वाsut·vā समणंsa·ma·ṇaṃ महाकच्चानंma·hā·kac·cā·naṃ अक्कोसेय्यंak·ko·sey·yaṃ परिभासेय्यं।pa·ri·bhā·sey·yaṃ
“na kho pana metaṁ patirūpaṁ yohaṁ aññadatthu māṇavakānaṁyeva sutvā samaṇaṁ mahākaccānaṁ akkoseyyaṁ paribhāseyyaṁ.
“But it wouldn’t be appropriate for me to abuse or insult the ascetic Mahākaccāna solely because of what I’ve heard from these young students.
- 41
-
42
अथa·tha खोkho लोहिच्चोlo·hic·co ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo तेहिte·hi माणवकेहिmā·ṇa·va·ke·hi सद्धिंsad·dhiṃ येनायस्माye·nā·yas·mā महाकच्चानोma·hā·kac·cā·no तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā आयस्मताā·yas·ma·tā महाकच्चानेनma·hā·kac·cā·ne·na सद्धिंsad·dhiṃ सम्मोदि।sam·mo·di
Atha kho lohicco brāhmaṇo tehi māṇavakehi saddhiṁ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṁ sammodi.
Then the brahmin Lohicca together with those young students went to Venerable Mahākaccāna and exchanged greetings with him.
-
43
सम्मोदनीयंsam·mo·da·nī·yaṃ कथंka·thaṃ सारणीयंsā·ra·ṇī·yaṃ वीतिसारेत्वाvī·ti·sā·ret·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसीदि।ni·sī·di एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसिन्नोni·sin·no खोkho लोहिच्चोlo·hic·co ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo आयस्मन्तंā·yas·man·taṃ महाकच्चानंma·hā·kac·cā·naṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca
Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho lohicco brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca:
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to him,
-
44
“आगमंसुā·ga·maṃ·su नुnu ख्विध,khvi·dha भोbho कच्चान,kac·cā·na अम्हाकंam·hā·kaṃ सम्बहुलाsam·ba·hu·lā अन्तेवासिकाan·te·vā·si·kā कट्ठहारकाkaṭ·ṭha·hā·ra·kā माणवका”ति?mā·ṇa·va·kā
“āgamaṁsu nu khvidha, bho kaccāna, amhākaṁ sambahulā antevāsikā kaṭṭhahārakā māṇavakā”ti?
“Master Kaccāna, did several young pupils of mine come by here collecting firewood?”
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
-
50
‘सीलुत्तमाsī·lut·ta·mā पुब्बतराpub·ba·ta·rā अहेसुं,a·he·suṃ
‘Sīluttamā pubbatarā ahesuṁ,
(Pāli only)
- 51
-
52
…पे…pe
…pe…
(Pāli only)
-
53
अखिलंa·khi·laṃ सब्बभूतेसु,sab·ba·bhū·te·su
Akhilaṁ sabbabhūtesu,
(Pāli only)
-
54
सोso मग्गोmag·go ब्रह्मपत्तिया’ति।brah·ma·pat·ti·yā
So maggo brahmapattiyā’ti.
(Pāli only)
- 55
- 56
- 57
-
58
“इध,i·dha ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa एकच्चोe·kac·co चक्खुनाcak·khu·nā रूपंrū·paṃ दिस्वाdis·vā पियरूपेpi·ya·rū·pe रूपेrū·pe अधिमुच्चति,a·dhi·muc·ca·ti अप्पियरूपेap·pi·ya·rū·pe रूपेrū·pe ब्यापज्जति,byā·paj·ja·ti अनुपट्ठितकायस्सतिa·nu·paṭ·ṭhi·ta·kā·yas·sa·ti चca विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti परित्तचेतसोpa·rit·ta·ce·ta·so
“Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā piyarūpe rūpe adhimuccati, appiyarūpe rūpe byāpajjati, anupaṭṭhitakāyassati ca viharati, parittacetaso
“Brahmin, take someone who sees a sight with their eyes. If it’s pleasant they hold on to it, but if it’s unpleasant they dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body unestablished and their heart stunted.
-
59
तञ्चtañ·ca चेतोविमुत्तिंce·to·vi·mut·tiṃ पञ्ञाविमुत्तिंpañ·ñā·vi·mut·tiṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti यत्थस्सyat·thas·sa तेte उप्पन्नाup·pan·nā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā अपरिसेसाa·pa·ri·se·sā निरुज्झन्ति।ni·ruj·jhan·ti
tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa te uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti.
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
-
64
मनसाma·na·sā धम्मंdham·maṃ विञ्ञायviñ·ñā·ya पियरूपेpi·ya·rū·pe धम्मेdham·me अधिमुच्चति,a·dhi·muc·ca·ti अप्पियरूपेap·pi·ya·rū·pe चca धम्मेdham·me ब्यापज्जति,byā·paj·ja·ti अनुपट्ठितकायस्सतिa·nu·paṭ·ṭhi·ta·kā·yas·sa·ti चca विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti परित्तचेतसोpa·rit·ta·ce·ta·so
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya piyarūpe dhamme adhimuccati, appiyarūpe ca dhamme byāpajjati, anupaṭṭhitakāyassati ca viharati, parittacetaso
When they know an idea with their mind, if it’s pleasant they hold on to it, but if it’s unpleasant they dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body unestablished and their heart stunted.
-
65
तञ्चtañ·ca चेतोविमुत्तिंce·to·vi·mut·tiṃ पञ्ञाविमुत्तिंpañ·ñā·vi·mut·tiṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ नप्पजानातिnap·pa·jā·nā·ti यत्थस्सyat·thas·sa तेte उप्पन्नाup·pan·nā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā अपरिसेसाa·pa·ri·se·sā निरुज्झन्ति।ni·ruj·jhan·ti
tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa te uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti.
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
-
71
“इध,i·dha ब्राह्मण,brāh·ma·ṇa भिक्खुbhik·khu चक्खुनाcak·khu·nā रूपंrū·paṃ दिस्वाdis·vā पियरूपेpi·ya·rū·pe रूपेrū·pe नाधिमुच्चति,nā·dhi·muc·ca·ti अप्पियरूपेap·pi·ya·rū·pe रूपेrū·pe नna ब्यापज्जति,byā·paj·ja·ti उपट्ठितकायस्सतिu·paṭ·ṭhi·ta·kā·yas·sa·ti चca विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti अप्पमाणचेतसोap·pa·mā·ṇa·ce·ta·so
“Idha, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā piyarūpe rūpe nādhimuccati, appiyarūpe rūpe na byāpajjati, upaṭṭhitakāyassati ca viharati, appamāṇacetaso
“Brahmin, take a mendicant who sees a sight with their eyes. If it’s pleasant they don’t hold on to it, and if it’s unpleasant they don’t dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body established and a limitless heart.
-
72
तञ्चtañ·ca चेतोविमुत्तिंce·to·vi·mut·tiṃ पञ्ञाविमुत्तिंpañ·ñā·vi·mut·tiṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ पजानातिpa·jā·nā·ti यत्थस्सyat·thas·sa तेte उप्पन्नाup·pan·nā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā अपरिसेसाa·pa·ri·se·sā निरुज्झन्ति।ni·ruj·jhan·ti
tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa te uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti.
And they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
-
77
मनसाma·na·sā धम्मंdham·maṃ विञ्ञायviñ·ñā·ya पियरूपेpi·ya·rū·pe धम्मेdham·me नाधिमुच्चति,nā·dhi·muc·ca·ti अप्पियरूपेap·pi·ya·rū·pe धम्मेdham·me नna ब्यापज्जति,byā·paj·ja·ti उपट्ठितकायस्सतिu·paṭ·ṭhi·ta·kā·yas·sa·ti चca विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti अप्पमाणचेतसोap·pa·mā·ṇa·ce·ta·so
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya piyarūpe dhamme nādhimuccati, appiyarūpe dhamme na byāpajjati, upaṭṭhitakāyassati ca viharati, appamāṇacetaso
When they know an idea with their mind, if it’s pleasant they don’t hold on to it, and if it’s unpleasant they don’t dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body established and a limitless heart.
-
78
तञ्चtañ·ca चेतोविमुत्तिंce·to·vi·mut·tiṃ पञ्ञाविमुत्तिंpañ·ñā·vi·mut·tiṃ यथाभूतंya·thā·bhū·taṃ पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti यत्थस्सyat·thas·sa तेte उप्पन्नाup·pan·nā पापकाpā·pa·kā अकुसलाa·ku·sa·lā धम्माdham·mā अपरिसेसाa·pa·ri·se·sā निरुज्झन्ति।ni·ruj·jhan·ti
tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti, yatthassa te uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti.
And they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.
- 79
- 80
- 81
-
82
अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho कच्चान;kac·cā·na अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho कच्चान।kac·cā·na
Abhikkantaṁ, bho kaccāna; abhikkantaṁ, bho kaccāna.
-
83
सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi भोbho कच्चान,kac·cā·na निक्कुज्जितंnik·kuj·ji·taṃ वाvā उक्कुज्जेय्य,uk·kuj·jey·ya पटिच्छन्नंpa·ṭic·chan·naṃ वाvā विवरेय्य,vi·va·rey·ya मूळ्हस्सmū·ḷhas·sa वाvā मग्गंmag·gaṃ आचिक्खेय्य,ā·cik·khey·ya अन्धकारेan·dha·kā·re वाvā तेलपज्जोतंte·la·paj·jo·taṃ धारेय्य:dhā·rey·ya ‘चक्खुमन्तोcak·khu·man·to रूपानिrū·pā·ni दक्खन्ती’ति;dak·khan·tī एवमेवंe·va·me·vaṃ भोताbho·tā कच्चानेनkac·cā·ne·na अनेकपरियायेनa·ne·ka·pa·ri·yā·ye·na धम्मोdham·mo पकासितो।pa·kā·si·to
Seyyathāpi, bho kaccāna, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā kaccānena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.
As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, the worthy Kaccāna has made the teaching clear in many ways.
-
84
एसाहं,e·sā·haṃ भोbho कच्चान,kac·cā·na तंtaṃ भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ सरणंsa·ra·ṇaṃ गच्छामि,gac·chā·mi धम्मञ्च,dham·mañ·ca भिक्खुसङ्घञ्च।bhik·khu·saṅ·ghañ·ca
Esāhaṁ, bho kaccāna, taṁ bhagavantaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca.
I go for refuge to the Buddha, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.
-
85
उपासकंu·pā·sa·kaṃ मंmaṃ भवंbha·vaṃ कच्चानोkac·cā·no धारेतुdhā·re·tu अज्जतग्गेaj·ja·tag·ge पाणुपेतंpā·ṇu·pe·taṃ सरणंsa·ra·ṇaṃ गतं।ga·taṃ
Upāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ kaccāno dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gataṁ.
From this day forth, may the worthy Kaccāna remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.
-
86
यथाya·thā चca भवंbha·vaṃ कच्चानोkac·cā·no मक्करकतेmak·ka·ra·ka·te उपासककुलानिu·pā·sa·ka·ku·lā·ni उपसङ्कमति;u·pa·saṅ·ka·ma·ti एवमेवe·va·me·va लोहिच्चकुलंlo·hic·ca·ku·laṃ उपसङ्कमतु।u·pa·saṅ·ka·ma·tu
Yathā ca bhavaṁ kaccāno makkarakate upāsakakulāni upasaṅkamati; evameva lohiccakulaṁ upasaṅkamatu.
Please come to my family just as you go to the families of the lay followers in Makkarakaṭa.
-
87
तत्थtat·tha येye माणवकाmā·ṇa·va·kā वाvā माणविकाmā·ṇa·vi·kā वाvā भवन्तंbha·van·taṃ कच्चानंkac·cā·naṃ अभिवादेस्सन्तिa·bhi·vā·des·san·ti पच्चुट्ठिस्सन्तिpac·cuṭ·ṭhis·san·ti आसनंā·sa·naṃ वाvā उदकंu·da·kaṃ वाvā दस्सन्ति,das·san·ti तेसंte·saṃ तंtaṃ भविस्सतिbha·vis·sa·ti दीघरत्तंdī·gha·rat·taṃ हितायhi·tā·ya सुखाया”ति।su·khā·yā
Tattha ye māṇavakā vā māṇavikā vā bhavantaṁ kaccānaṁ abhivādessanti paccuṭṭhissanti āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā dassanti, tesaṁ taṁ bhavissati dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.
The brahmin boys and girls there will bow to you, rise in your presence, and give you a seat and water. That will be for their lasting welfare and happiness.”
-
88
नवमं।na·va·maṃ
Navamaṁ.
(Pāli only)
Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.