Pali Dictionary

(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & vissajjati); its proper sphere of application is either ethical (as pāpaṁ, kusalaṁ kammaṁ: cp. ii.1 b) or in such combinations, where its original meaning of “built, prepared, worked out” is still preserved (cp. i.1 a nagara, and 2 a).

I. As verb-determinant (predicative).

1. in verbal function (Pass.) with nominal determination “done made”
   1. in predicative (epithetic) position: Dhp.17 (pāpaṁ me kataṁ evil has been done by me), Dhp.68 (tañ ca kammaṁ kataṁ), Dhp.150 (aṭṭhīnaṁ nagaraṁ kataṁ a city built of bones, of the body), Dhp.173 (yassa pāpaṁ kataṁ kammaṁ)-
   2. in absolute (prothetic) position, often with expression of the agent in instr. DN.i.84 = DN.i.177 = MN.i.40 = Snp.p.16 (in formula kataṁ karanīyaṁ, etc., done is what had to be done, cp. arahant ii.A.); Vin.iii.72 (kataṁ mayā kalyāṇaṁ akataṁ mayā pāpaṁ); Pv.5:5 (amhākaṁ katā pūjā done to us is homage)
      ■ So also in composition (˚-), e.g. (nahāpakehi) -parikammatā the preparations (being) finished (by the barbers) Ja.vi.145 (tena) -paricaya the acquaintance made (with him Vv-a.24; Pv-a.4; (tattha) -paricayatā the acquaintance (with that spot) Vv-a.331; (tesaṁ) -pubba done before DN.ii.75 = AN.iv.17; (kena) Ja.vi.575; -matta (made drunk Thag.199; (cira) -saṁsagga having (long) been in contact with, familiar Ja.iii.63 (and a˚).
2. in adj (med-passive) function (kaṭa & kata); either passive made, or made of; done by = being like, consisting of or medio-reflexive: one who has done, having done also “with” (i.e. this or that action done)
   1. in pregnant meaning: prepared, cultivated, trained, skilled kaṭ-âkaṭa prepared & natural Vin.i.206 (of yūsa) akaṭa natural ibid., not cultivated (of soil) Vin.i.48 Vin.ii.209; DN-a.i.78, DN-a.i.98; untrained Ja.iii.57, Ja.iii.58
      ■ -atta selfpossessed disciplined Ja.vi.296; -indiya trained in his senses Thag.725; -ūpāsana skilled, esp. in archery MN.i.82; SN.i.62; AN.ii.48 = AN.iv.429; SN.i.99; Ja.iv.211; Mil.352, -kamma practised, skilled Ja.v.243; of a servant SN.i.205 (read āse for ase), of a thief AN.iii.102 (cp. below ii.1 a); -phaṇa having (i.e. with) its hood erected, of a snake Ja.vi.166; -buddhi of trained mind clever Ja.iii.58; a˚ ibid.; -mallaka of made-up teeth, an artificial back-scratcher Vin.ii.316; a˚ not artificially made, the genuine article Vin.ii.106; -yogga trained serviceable SN.i.99; a˚ useless SN.i.98. -rūpa done naturally, spontaneously Ja.v.317 (explained by ˚jāniya ˚sabhāva); -veṇī having (i.e. with) the hair done up into a chignon Ja.v.431; -hattha (one) who has exercised his hands, dexterous, skilful, esp. in archery MN.i.82; SN.i.62, SN.i.98; SN.ii.266; AN.ii.48; Ja.iv.211; Ja.v.41; Ja.vi.448; Mil.353; Dhp-a.i.358; a˚ unskilled, awkward SN.i.98 su˚ well-trained Ja.v.41 (cp. ˚upāsana), -hatthika an artificial or toy-elephant Ja.vi.551
   2. in ordinary meaning: made or done; -kamma the deed done (in a former existence) Ja.i.167; Vv-a.252; Pv-a.10; -piṭṭha made of flour (dough) Pv-a.16 (of a doll); -bhāva the performance or happening of Ja.iii.400; Mhbv.33 -saṅketa (one who has made an agreement) Ja.v.436-
   3. with adverbial determination (su˚, du˚; cp. dūrato puro, atta, sayaṁ, & ii.2 c): sukata well laid out, of a road Ja.vi.293, well built, of a cart Snp verse 300 = Snp verse 304; Ja.iv.395, well done, i.e. good AN.i.102 (˚kamma-kārin doing good works). -dukkata badly made, of a robe Vin.iv.279 (ṭ), badly done, i.e. evil AN.i.102 (˚kamma kārin) sukata-dukkata good & evil (˚kammāni deeds) DN.i.27 DN.i.55 = SN.iv.351; Mil.5, Mil.25.
3. as noun (nt.) kataṁ that which has been done, the deed
   1. absolute: Ja.iii.26 (katassa appaṭikāraka not reciprocating the deed), Ja.v.434 (kataṁ anukaroti he imitates what has been done kat-ākataṁ what has been done & left undone Vin.iv.211; katāni akatāni ca deeds done & not done Dhp.50
   2. with adv. determination (su˚, du˚) sukataṁ goodness (in moral sense) Snp verse 240; Dhp.314 dukkataṁ badness Vin.i.76; Vin.ii.106; Dhp.314; dukkatakārin doing wrong Snp verse 664.

II. As noun-determinant (attributive) in composition

(var. applications & meanings).

1. As 1^st pt. of comp^d: Impersonal, denoting the result or finishing of that which is implied in the object with ref. to the act or state resulting, i.e. “so and so made or done” or personal, denoting the person affected by or concerned with the act. The lit. translation would be “having become one who has done” (act.: see a), or “to whom has been done” (pass.: see b)
   1. medio-active Temporal: the action being done, i.e. “after.” The noun-determinates usually bear a relation to time, especially to meal-times, as kat-anna-kicca having finished his meal Davs.i.59; -bhatta-kicca after the meal Ja.iv.123; Pv-a.93; -purebhatta-kicca having finished the duties of the morning DN-a.i.45 sq.; Snp-a.131 sq.; -pātarāsa breakfast Ja.i.227; Dhp-a.i.117, a before br. AN.iv.64; -pātarāsa-bhatta id. Ja.vi.349 -ānumodana after thanking (for the meal) Ja.i.304 -bhatt’ānumodana after expressing satisfaction with the meal Pv-a.141. In the same application: kat-okāsa having made its appearance, of kamma Vv.32:9 (cp Vv-a.113); Pv-a.63; -kamma (-cora) (a thief) who has just “done the deed,” i.e. committed a theft Ja.iii.34 Vism.180 (katakammā corā & akata˚ thieves who have finished their “job” & those who have not); Dhp-a.ii.38 (corehi katakammaṁ the job done by the th.), cp above i.2 a; -kāla “done their time,” deceased, of Petas Ja.iii.164 (pete kālakate); Pv-a.29, cp. kāla -cīvara after finishing his robe Vin.i.255, Vin.i.265; -paccuggamana having gone forth to meet Ja.iii.93. -paṇidhāna from the moment of his making an earnest resolve (to become a Buddha) Vv-a.3; -pariyosita finished, ready, i.e. after the end was made Vv-a.250 -buddha-kicca after he had done the obligations of a Buddha Vv-a.165, Vv-a.319; DN-a.i.2; -maraṇa after dying i.e. dead Pv-a.29; -massu-kamma after having his beard done Ja.v.309 (see note to ii.1 b)
      ■ Qualitative: with ethical import, the state resulting out of action i.e. of such habit, or “like, of such character.” The qualification is either made by kamma, deed, work, or kicca, what can be or ought to be done, or any other specified action, as -pāpa-kamma one who has done wrong Dhp-a.i.360 (& a˚); -karaṇīya one who has done all that could be done, one who is in the state of perfection (an Arahant), in formula arahaṁ khīṇ’āsavo vusitavā ohitabhāro (cp. above i.1 b & arahant; ii.A MN.i.4, MN.i.235; Iti.38; Mil.138; -kicca having performed his obligations, perfected, epithet of an Arahant, usually in combination with anāsava SN.i.47, SN.i.178; Dhp.386; Pv.18:15 Thig.337, as adj.: kata-kiccāni hi arahato indriyāni Ne.20; -kiccatā the perfection of Arahantship Mil.339
      ■ With other determinations: -āgasa one who has done evil Sdhp.294. -ādhikāra having exerted oneself one who strives after the right path Ja.i.56; Mil.115 -āparādha guilty, a transgressor Ja.iii.42. -ābhinihāra (one) who has formed the resolution (to become a Buddha) Ja.i.2; Dhp-a.i.135. -ābhinivesa (one) who studies intently, or one who has made a strong determination Ja.i.110 (& a˚).; -ussāha energetic Sdhp.127 -kalyāṇa in passage kata-kalyāno kata-kusalo katabhīruttāṇo akata-pāpo akata-luddho (luddo) [: ˚thaddho It] akata-kibbiso having done good, of good character, etc. AN.ii.174 = Vin.iii.72 = Iti.25 = Dhs-a.383; Pv-a.174; also Pass. to whom something good has been done Ja.i.137; Ja.iii.12; Pv.21:9; akata-kalyāṇa a man of bad actions Iti.25; Pv.19:9. -kibbisa a guilty person MN.i.39; Vin.iii.72 (a˚), of beings tormented in Purgatory Pv.42:7; Pv-a.59. -kusala a good man: see ˚kalyāṇa -thaddha hard-hearted, unfeeling, cruel: see ˚kalyāṇa -nissama untiring, valiant, bold Ja.v.243. -parappavāda practised in disputing with others DN-a.i.117. -pāpa an evil-doer Iti.25; Pv.19:9 (+ akata-kalyāṇa); Pv-a.5 a˚: see ˚kalyāṇa. -puñña one who has done good deeds a good man DN.ii.144; Dhp.16, Dhp.18, Dhp.220; Pv.30:2; Mil.129; Pv-a.5, Pv-a.176; a˚ one who has not done good (in previous lives) Mil.250; Vv-a.94. -puññatā the fact of having done good deeds DN.iii.276 (pubbe in former births) AN.ii.31; Snp verse 260, cp. Kp-a.132, Kp-a.230; Ja.ii.114. -bahukāra having done much favour, obliging Davs.iv.39. -bhīruttāṇa one who has offered protection to the fearful see ˚kalyāṇa. -bhūmikamma one who has laid the ground-work (of sanctification) Mil.352. -ludda cruel MN.iii.165; a˚ gentle Ne.180; cp ˚kalyāṇa -vināsaka (one) who has caused ruin Ja.i.467. -vissāsa trusting, confiding Ja.i.389. -ssama painstaking, taking trouble Sdhp.277 (and a˚)
   2. medio-passive: The state as result of an action, which affected the person concerned with the action (reflexive or passive), or “possessed of, afflicted or affected with.” In this application it is simply periphrastic for the ordinary Passive
      ■ Note. In the case of the noun being incapable of functioning as verb (when primary), the object in question is specified by -kamma or -kicca, both of which are then only supplementary to the initial kata˚, e.g. kata-massu-kamma “having had the beard (-doing done,” as diff. fr. secondary nouns (i.e. verb-derivations) e.g. kat-âbhiseka “having had the anointing done
      ■ In this application: ˚citta-kamma decorated, variegated Dhp-a.i.192; ˚daṇḍa-kamma afflicted with punishment (= daṇḍāyita punished) Vin.i.76; ˚massu-kamma with trimmed beard, after the beard-trimming Ja.v.309 (cp. Ja.iii.11 & karana)
      ■ Various combinations: katañjalin with raised hands, as a token of veneration or supplication Snp verse 1023; Thig.482; Ja.i.17 = Bv.24, Bv.27; Pv-a.50, Pv-a.141; Vv-a.78. -attha one who has received benefits Ja.i.378. -ānuggaha assisted, aided Ja.ii.449; Vv-a.102. -ābhiseka anointed, consecrated Mhvs.26, Mhvs.6 -ūpakāra assisted, befriended Ja.i.378; Pv-a.116. -okāsa one who has been given permission, received into audience, or permitted to speak Vin.i.7; DN.ii.39, DN.ii.277; Snp verse 1030, Snp verse 1031 (˚âva˚); Ja.v.140; Ja.vi.341; Mil.95. -jātihiṅgulika done up, adorned with pure vermilion Ja.iii.303 -nāmadheyya having received a name, called Ja.v.492 -paṭisanthāra having been received kindly Ja.vi.160; Dhp-a.i.80. -pariggaha being taken to wife, married to (instr.) Pv-a.161 (& a˚).; -paritta one on whom a protective spell has been worked, charm-protected Mil.152 -bhaddaka one to whom good has been done Pv-a.116 -sakkāra honoured, revered Ja.v.353; Mhvs.9, Mhvs.8 (su˚) -saṅgaha one who has taken part in the redaction of the Scriptures Mhvs.5, Mhvs.106. -sannāha clad in armour Dhp-a.i.358. -sikkha (having been) trained Mil.353
2. As second part of comp^d: Denoting the performance of the verbal notion with ref. to the object affected by it i.e. simply a Passive of the verb implied in the determinant with emphasis of the verb-notion: “made so & so, used as, reduced to” (garukata = garavita).
   1. with nouns (see s. v.) e.g. , anabhāva-kata, kavi˚ kāla-vaṇṇa˚ (reduced to a black colour) Vin.i.48 Vin.ii.209, tāl’āvatthu˚, pamāṇa˚, bahuli˚, yāni˚, sankhār’ûpekkhā˚ etc
   2. with adjectives, e.g. garu˚, bahu˚-
   3. with adverbial substitutes, e.g. atta˚, para (paraṁ˚), sacchi˚, sayaṁ, etc.

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