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Numbered Discourses 3 36 अङ्गुत्तर 3 36

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Devadūtasutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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1

अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 3।36

Aṅguttara Nikāya 3.36

Numbered Discourses 3.36
2

4। देवदूतवग्गde·va·dū·ta·vag·ga

4. Devadūtavagga

4. Messengers of the Gods
3

देवदूतसुत्तde·va·dū·ta·sut·ta

Devadūtasutta

Messengers of the Gods
4

“तीणिमानि,tī·ṇi·mā·ni भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve देवदूतानि।de·va·dū·tā·ni

“Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, devadūtāni.

“There are, mendicants, these three messengers of the gods.
5

कतमानिka·ta·mā·ni तीणि?tī·ṇi

Katamāni tīṇi?

What three?
6

इध,i·dha भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve एकच्चोe·kac·co कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति,ca·ra·ti मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरति।ca·ra·ti

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.

Firstly, someone does bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.
7

सोso कायेनkā·ye·na दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā वाचायvā·cā·ya दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वा,ca·rit·vā मनसाma·na·sā दुच्चरितंduc·ca·ri·taṃ चरित्वाca·rit·vā कायस्सkā·yas·sa भेदाbhe·dā परंpa·raṃ मरणाma·ra·ṇā अपायंa·pā·yaṃ दुग्गतिंdug·ga·tiṃ विनिपातंvi·ni·pā·taṃ निरयंni·ra·yaṃ उपपज्जति।u·pa·paj·ja·ti

So kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.

When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
8

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā नानाबाहासुnā·nā·bā·hā·su गहेत्वाga·het·vā यमस्सya·mas·sa रञ्ञोrañ·ño दस्सेन्ति:das·sen·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā nānābāhāsu gahetvā yamassa rañño dassenti:

The wardens of hell take them by the arms and present them to King Yama, saying,
9

‘अयं,a·yaṃ देव,de·va पुरिसोpu·ri·so अमत्तेय्योa·mat·tey·yo अपेत्तेय्योa·pet·tey·yo असामञ्ञोa·sā·mañ·ño अब्रह्मञ्ञो,ab·rah·mañ·ño नna कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायी।jeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yī

‘ayaṁ, deva, puriso amatteyyo apetteyyo asāmañño abrahmañño, na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī.

‘Your Majesty, this person did not pay due respect to their mother and father, ascetics and brahmins, or honor the elders in the family.
10

इमस्सi·mas·sa देवोde·vo दण्डंdaṇ·ḍaṃ पणेतू’ति।pa·ṇe·tū

Imassa devo daṇḍaṁ paṇetū’ti.

May Your Majesty punish them!’
11

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जतिsa·ma·nu·yuñ·ja·ti समनुगाहतिsa·ma·nu·gā·ha·ti समनुभासति:sa·ma·nu·bhā·sa·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:

King Yama pursues, presses, and grills them about the first messenger of the gods:
12

‘अम्भो,am·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ पातुभूतन्’ति?pā·tu·bhū·tan

‘ambho, purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see the first messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’
13

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
14

‘नाद्दसं,nād·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw nothing, sir.’
15

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
16

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su इत्थिंit·thiṃ वाvā पुरिसंpu·ri·saṃ वाvā आसीतिकंā·sī·ti·kaṃ वाvā नावुतिकंnā·vu·ti·kaṃ वाvā वस्ससतिकंvas·sa·sa·ti·kaṃ वाvā जातियाjā·ti·yā जिण्णंjiṇ·ṇaṃ गोपानसिवङ्कंgo·pā·na·si·vaṅ·kaṃ भोग्गंbhog·gaṃ दण्डपरायणंdaṇ·ḍa·pa·rā·ya·ṇaṃ पवेधमानंpa·ve·dha·mā·naṃ गच्छन्तंgac·chan·taṃ आतुरंā·tu·raṃ गतयोब्बनंga·ta·yob·ba·naṃ खण्डदन्तंkhaṇ·ḍa·dan·taṃ पलितकेसंpa·li·ta·ke·saṃ विलूनंvi·lū·naṃ खल्लितसिरंkhal·li·ta·si·raṃ वलितंva·li·taṃ तिलकाहतगत्तन्’ति?ti·la·kā·ha·ta·gat·tan

‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā āsītikaṁ vā nāvutikaṁ vā vassasatikaṁ vā jātiyā jiṇṇaṁ gopānasivaṅkaṁ bhoggaṁ daṇḍaparāyaṇaṁ pavedhamānaṁ gacchantaṁ āturaṁ gatayobbanaṁ khaṇḍadantaṁ palitakesaṁ vilūnaṁ khallitasiraṁ valitaṁ tilakāhatagattan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see among human beings an elderly woman or a man—eighty, ninety, or a hundred years old—bent double, crooked, leaning on a staff, trembling as they walk, ailing, past their prime, with teeth broken, hair grey and scanty or bald, skin wrinkled, and limbs blotchy?’
17

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
18

‘अद्दसं,ad·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw that, sir.’
19

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
20

‘अम्भो,am·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तस्सtas·sa तेte विञ्ञुस्सviñ·ñus·sa सतोsa·to महल्लकस्सma·hal·la·kas·sa नna एतदहोसि—e·ta·da·ho·si

‘ambho, purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—

‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—
21

अहम्पिa·ham·pi खोम्हिkhom·hi जराधम्मोja·rā·dham·mo जरंja·raṃ अनतीतो,a·na·tī·to हन्दाहंhan·dā·haṃ कल्याणंkal·yā·ṇaṃ करोमि,ka·ro·mi कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा’ति?ma·na·sā

ahampi khomhi jarādhammo jaraṁ anatīto, handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi, kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?

“I, too, am liable to grow old. I’m not exempt from old age. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’
22

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
23

‘नासक्खिस्सं,nā·sak·khis·saṃ भन्ते।bhan·te पमादस्सं,pa·mā·das·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante. Pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’
24

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
25

‘अम्भो,am·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa पमादतायpa·mā·da·tā·ya नna कल्याणमकासिkal·yā·ṇa·ma·kā·si कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा।ma·na·sā

‘ambho, purisa, pamādatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.

‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.
26

तग्घtag·gha त्वं,tvaṃ अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तथाta·thā करिस्सन्तिka·ris·san·ti यथाya·thā तंtaṃ पमत्तं।pa·mat·taṃ

Taggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.

Well, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.
27

तंtaṃ खोkho पनpa·na तेte एतंe·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ नेवne·va मातराmā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna पितराpi·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भातराbhā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भगिनियाbha·gi·ni·yā कतं,ka·taṃ नna मित्तामच्चेहिmit·tā·mac·ce·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna ञातिसालोहितेहिñā·ti·sā·lo·hi·te·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna देवताहिde·va·tā·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna समणब्राह्मणेहिsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇe·hi कतं;ka·taṃ

Taṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ, na pitarā kataṁ, na bhātarā kataṁ, na bhaginiyā kataṁ, na mittāmaccehi kataṁ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ, na devatāhi kataṁ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ;

That bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by the deities, or by ascetics and brahmins.
28

अथa·tha खोkho तयावेतंta·yā·ve·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ कतं,ka·taṃ त्वञ्ञेवेतस्सtvañ·ñe·ve·tas·sa विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पटिसंवेदिस्ससी’ति।pa·ṭi·saṃ·ve·dis·sa·sī

atha kho tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.

That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’
29

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जित्वाsa·ma·nu·yuñ·jit·vā समनुगाहित्वाsa·ma·nu·gā·hit·vā समनुभासित्वा,sa·ma·nu·bhā·sit·vā दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जतिsa·ma·nu·yuñ·ja·ti समनुगाहतिsa·ma·nu·gā·ha·ti समनुभासति:sa·ma·nu·bhā·sa·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā, dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:

King Yama grills them about the second messenger of the gods:
30

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ पातुभूतन्’ति?pā·tu·bhū·tan

‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see the second messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’
31

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
32

‘नाद्दसं,nād·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw nothing, sir.’
33

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
34

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su इत्थिंit·thiṃ वाvā पुरिसंpu·ri·saṃ वाvā आबाधिकंā·bā·dhi·kaṃ दुक्खितंduk·khi·taṃ बाळ्हगिलानं,bā·ḷha·gi·lā·naṃ सकेsa·ke मुत्तकरीसेmut·ta·ka·rī·se पलिपन्नंpa·li·pan·naṃ सेमानं,se·mā·naṃ अञ्ञेहिañ·ñe·hi वुट्ठापियमानं,vuṭ·ṭhā·pi·ya·mā·naṃ अञ्ञेहिañ·ñe·hi संवेसियमानन्’ति?saṃ·ve·si·ya·mā·nan

‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā ābādhikaṁ dukkhitaṁ bāḷhagilānaṁ, sake muttakarīse palipannaṁ semānaṁ, aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṁ, aññehi saṁvesiyamānan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man, sick, suffering, gravely ill, collapsed in their own urine and feces, being picked up by some and put down by others?’
35

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
36

‘अद्दसं,ad·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw that, sir.’
37

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
38

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तस्सtas·sa तेte विञ्ञुस्सviñ·ñus·sa सतोsa·to महल्लकस्सma·hal·la·kas·sa नna एतदहोसि:e·ta·da·ho·si

‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi:

‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—
39

“अहम्पिa·ham·pi खोम्हिkhom·hi ब्याधिधम्मोbyā·dhi·dham·mo ब्याधिंbyā·dhiṃ अनतीतो,a·na·tī·to हन्दाहंhan·dā·haṃ कल्याणंkal·yā·ṇaṃ करोमिka·ro·mi कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा”’ति?ma·na·sā

“ahampi khomhi byādhidhammo byādhiṁ anatīto, handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā”’ti?

“I, too, am liable to become sick. I’m not exempt from sickness. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’
40

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
41

‘नासक्खिस्सं,nā·sak·khis·saṃ भन्ते।bhan·te पमादस्सं,pa·mā·das·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante. Pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’
42

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
43

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa पमादतायpa·mā·da·tā·ya नna कल्याणमकासिkal·yā·ṇa·ma·kā·si कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा।ma·na·sā

‘ambho purisa, pamādatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.

‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.
44

तग्घtag·gha त्वं,tvaṃ अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तथाta·thā करिस्सन्तिka·ris·san·ti यथाya·thā तंtaṃ पमत्तं।pa·mat·taṃ

Taggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.

Well, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.
45

तंtaṃ खोkho पनpa·na तेte एतंe·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ नेवne·va मातराmā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna पितराpi·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भातराbhā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भगिनियाbha·gi·ni·yā कतं,ka·taṃ नna मित्तामच्चेहिmit·tā·mac·ce·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna ञातिसालोहितेहिñā·ti·sā·lo·hi·te·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna देवताहिde·va·tā·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna समणब्राह्मणेहिsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇe·hi कतं;ka·taṃ

Taṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ, na pitarā kataṁ, na bhātarā kataṁ, na bhaginiyā kataṁ, na mittāmaccehi kataṁ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ, na devatāhi kataṁ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ;

That bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by the deities, or by ascetics and brahmins.
46

अथa·tha खोkho तयावेतंta·yā·ve·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ कतं।ka·taṃ त्वञ्ञेवेतस्सtvañ·ñe·ve·tas·sa विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पटिसंवेदिस्ससी’ति।pa·ṭi·saṃ·ve·dis·sa·sī

atha kho tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ. Tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.

That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’
47

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जित्वाsa·ma·nu·yuñ·jit·vā समनुगाहित्वाsa·ma·nu·gā·hit·vā समनुभासित्वा,sa·ma·nu·bhā·sit·vā ततियंta·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जतिsa·ma·nu·yuñ·ja·ti समनुगाहतिsa·ma·nu·gā·ha·ti समनुभासति:sa·ma·nu·bhā·sa·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā, tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:

King Yama grills them about the third messenger of the gods:
48

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su ततियंta·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ पातुभूतन्’ति?pā·tu·bhū·tan

‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see the third messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’
49

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
50

‘नाद्दसं,nād·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw nothing, sir.’
51

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
52

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa नna त्वंtvaṃ अद्दसad·da·sa मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su इत्थिंit·thiṃ वाvā पुरिसंpu·ri·saṃ वाvā एकाहमतंe·kā·ha·ma·taṃ वाvā द्वीहमतंdvī·ha·ma·taṃ वाvā तीहमतंtī·ha·ma·taṃ वाvā उद्धुमातकंud·dhu·mā·ta·kaṃ विनीलकंvi·nī·la·kaṃ विपुब्बकजातन्’ति?vi·pub·ba·ka·jā·tan

‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā ekāhamataṁ vā dvīhamataṁ vā tīhamataṁ vā uddhumātakaṁ vinīlakaṁ vipubbakajātan’ti?

‘My man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man, dead for one, two, or three days, bloated, livid, and festering?’
53

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
54

‘अद्दसं,ad·da·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I saw that, sir.’
55

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
56

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तस्सtas·sa तेte विञ्ञुस्सviñ·ñus·sa सतोsa·to महल्लकस्सma·hal·la·kas·sa नna एतदहोसि—e·ta·da·ho·si

‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—

‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—
57

अहम्पिa·ham·pi खोम्हिkhom·hi मरणधम्मोma·ra·ṇa·dham·mo मरणंma·ra·ṇaṃ अनतीतो,a·na·tī·to हन्दाहंhan·dā·haṃ कल्याणंkal·yā·ṇaṃ करोमिka·ro·mi कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा’ति?ma·na·sā

ahampi khomhi maraṇadhammo maraṇaṁ anatīto, handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?

“I, too, am liable to die. I’m not exempt from death. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’
58

सोso एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

So evamāha:

They say,
59

‘नासक्खिस्सं,nā·sak·khis·saṃ भन्ते।bhan·te पमादस्सं,pa·mā·das·saṃ भन्ते’ति।bhan·te

‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante. Pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.

‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’
60

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:

King Yama says to them,
61

‘अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa पमादतायpa·mā·da·tā·ya नna कल्याणमकासिkal·yā·ṇa·ma·kā·si कायेनkā·ye·na वाचायvā·cā·ya मनसा।ma·na·sā

‘ambho purisa, pamādatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.

‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.
62

तग्घtag·gha त्वं,tvaṃ अम्भोam·bho पुरिस,pu·ri·sa तथाta·thā करिस्सन्तिka·ris·san·ti यथाya·thā तंtaṃ पमत्तं।pa·mat·taṃ

Taggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.

Well, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.
63

तंtaṃ खोkho पनpa·na तेte एतंe·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ नेवne·va मातराmā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna पितराpi·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भातराbhā·ta·rā कतं,ka·taṃ नna भगिनियाbha·gi·ni·yā कतं,ka·taṃ नna मित्तामच्चेहिmit·tā·mac·ce·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna ञातिसालोहितेहिñā·ti·sā·lo·hi·te·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna देवताहिde·va·tā·hi कतं,ka·taṃ नna समणब्राह्मणेहिsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇe·hi कतं;ka·taṃ

Taṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ, na pitarā kataṁ, na bhātarā kataṁ, na bhaginiyā kataṁ, na mittāmaccehi kataṁ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ, na devatāhi kataṁ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ;

That bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by the deities, or by ascetics and brahmins.
64

अथa·tha खोkho तयावेतंta·yā·ve·taṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ कतं।ka·taṃ त्वञ्ञेवेतस्सtvañ·ñe·ve·tas·sa विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पटिसंवेदिस्ससी’”ति।pa·ṭi·saṃ·ve·dis·sa·sī

atha kho tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ. Tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’”ti.

That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’
65

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमोya·mo राजाrā·jā ततियंta·ti·yaṃ देवदूतंde·va·dū·taṃ समनुयुञ्जित्वाsa·ma·nu·yuñ·jit·vā समनुगाहित्वाsa·ma·nu·gā·hit·vā समनुभासित्वाsa·ma·nu·bhā·sit·vā तुण्हीtuṇ·hī होति।ho·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā tuṇhī hoti.

After grilling them about the third messenger of the gods, King Yama falls silent.
66

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā पञ्चविधबन्धनंpañ·ca·vi·dha·ban·dha·naṃ नामnā·ma कारणंkā·ra·ṇaṃ करोन्ति।ka·ron·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṁ nāma kāraṇaṁ karonti.

The wardens of hell punish them with the five-fold crucifixion.
67

तत्तंtat·taṃ अयोखिलंa·yo·khi·laṃ हत्थेhat·the गमेन्ति।ga·men·ti तत्तंtat·taṃ अयोखिलंa·yo·khi·laṃ दुतियस्मिंdu·ti·yas·miṃ हत्थेhat·the गमेन्ति।ga·men·ti तत्तंtat·taṃ अयोखिलंa·yo·khi·laṃ पादेpā·de गमेन्ति।ga·men·ti तत्तंtat·taṃ अयोखिलंa·yo·khi·laṃ दुतियस्मिंdu·ti·yas·miṃ पादेpā·de गमेन्ति।ga·men·ti तत्तंtat·taṃ अयोखिलंa·yo·khi·laṃ मज्झेmaj·jhe उरस्मिंu·ras·miṃ गमेन्ति।ga·men·ti

Tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ hatthe gamenti. Tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ dutiyasmiṁ hatthe gamenti. Tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ pāde gamenti. Tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ dutiyasmiṁ pāde gamenti. Tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ majjhe urasmiṁ gamenti.

They drive red-hot stakes through the hands and feet, and another in the middle of the chest.
68

सोso तत्थtat·tha दुक्खाduk·khā तिब्बाtib·bā खराkha·rā कटुकाka·ṭu·kā वेदनाve·da·nā वेदियति,ve·di·ya·ti नna चca तावtā·va कालंkā·laṃ करोतिka·ro·ti यावyā·va नna तंtaṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ ब्यन्तीहोति।byan·tī·ho·ti

So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vediyati, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.

And there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated.
69

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā संवेसेत्वाsaṃ·ve·set·vā कुधारीहिku·dhā·rī·hi तच्छन्ति।tac·chan·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā saṁvesetvā kudhārīhi tacchanti.

The wardens of hell throw them down and hack them with axes. …
70

सोso तत्थtat·tha दुक्खाduk·khā तिब्बाtib·bā खराkha·rā कटुकाka·ṭu·kā वेदनाve·da·nā वेदियति,ve·di·ya·ti नna चca तावtā·va कालंkā·laṃ करोतिka·ro·ti यावyā·va नna तंtaṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ ब्यन्तीहोति।byan·tī·ho·ti

So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vediyati, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.

(Pāli only)
71

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā उद्धम्पादंud·dham·pā·daṃ अधोसिरंa·dho·si·raṃ गहेत्वाga·het·vā वासीहिvā·sī·hi तच्छन्तिtac·chan·ti …पे…pe

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā vāsīhi tacchanti …pe…

They hang them upside-down and hack them with hatchets. …
72

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā रथेra·the योजेत्वाyo·jet·vā आदित्तायā·dit·tā·ya भूमियाbhū·mi·yā सम्पज्जलितायsam·paj·ja·li·tā·ya सजोतिभूतायsa·jo·ti·bhū·tā·ya सारेन्तिपिsā·ren·ti·pi पच्चासारेन्तिपिpac·cā·sā·ren·ti·pi …पे…pe

tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā rathe yojetvā ādittāya bhūmiyā sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya sārentipi paccāsārentipi …pe…

They harness them to a chariot, and drive them back and forth across burning ground, blazing and glowing. …
73

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā महन्तंma·han·taṃ अङ्गारपब्बतंaṅ·gā·ra·pab·ba·taṃ आदित्तंā·dit·taṃ सम्पज्जलितंsam·paj·ja·li·taṃ सजोतिभूतंsa·jo·ti·bhū·taṃ आरोपेन्तिपिā·ro·pen·ti·pi ओरोपेन्तिपिo·ro·pen·ti·pi …पे…pe

tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahantaṁ aṅgārapabbataṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ āropentipi oropentipi …pe…

They make them climb up and down a big mountain of burning coals, blazing and glowing. …
74

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā उद्धम्पादंud·dham·pā·daṃ अधोसिरंa·dho·si·raṃ गहेत्वाga·het·vā तत्तायtat·tā·ya लोहकुम्भियाlo·ha·kum·bhi·yā पक्खिपन्ति,pak·khi·pan·ti आदित्तायā·dit·tā·ya सम्पज्जलितायsam·paj·ja·li·tā·ya सजोतिभूताय।sa·jo·ti·bhū·tā·ya (…)

tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipanti, ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya. (…)

The wardens of hell turn them upside down and throw them in a red-hot copper pot, burning, blazing, and glowing.
75

सोso तत्थtat·tha फेणुद्देहकंphe·ṇud·de·ha·kaṃ पच्चमानोpac·ca·mā·no सकिम्पिsa·kim·pi उद्धंud·dhaṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti सकिम्पिsa·kim·pi अधोa·dho गच्छति,gac·cha·ti सकिम्पिsa·kim·pi तिरियंti·ri·yaṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

So tattha pheṇuddehakaṁ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṁ gacchati, sakimpi adho gacchati, sakimpi tiriyaṁ gacchati.

There they’re seared in boiling scum, and they’re swept up and down and round and round.
76

सोso तत्थtat·tha दुक्खाduk·khā तिब्बाtib·bā खराkha·rā कटुकाka·ṭu·kā वेदनाve·da·nā वेदियति,ve·di·ya·ti नna चca तावtā·va कालंkā·laṃ करोतिka·ro·ti यावyā·va नna तंtaṃ पापकम्मंpā·pa·kam·maṃ ब्यन्तीहोति।byan·tī·ho·ti

So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vediyati, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.

And there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated.
77

तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve निरयपालाni·ra·ya·pā·lā महानिरयेma·hā·ni·ra·ye पक्खिपन्ति।pak·khi·pan·ti

Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahāniraye pakkhipanti.

The wardens of hell toss them into the Great Hell.
78

सोso खोkho पन,pa·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve महानिरयो—ma·hā·ni·ra·yo

So kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayo—

Now, about that Great Hell:
79

चतुक्कण्णोca·tuk·kaṇ·ṇo चतुद्वारो,ca·tud·vā·ro

Catukkaṇṇo catudvāro,

‘Four are its corners, four its doors,
80

विभत्तोvi·bhat·to भागसोbhā·ga·so मितो;mi·to

vibhatto bhāgaso mito;

neatly divided section by section.
81

अयोपाकारपरियन्तो,a·yo·pā·kā·ra·pa·ri·yan·to

Ayopākārapariyanto,

Surrounded by an iron wall,
82

अयसाa·ya·sā पटिकुज्जितो।pa·ṭi·kuj·ji·to

ayasā paṭikujjito.

of iron is its roof.
83

तस्सtas·sa अयोमयाa·yo·ma·yā भूमि,bhū·mi

Tassa ayomayā bhūmi,

The ground is even made of iron,
84

जलिताja·li·tā तेजसाte·ja·sā युता;yu·tā

Jalitā tejasā yutā;

it burns with fierce fire.
85

समन्ताsa·man·tā योजनसतं,yo·ja·na·sa·taṃ

Samantā yojanasataṁ,

The heat forever radiates
86

फरित्वाpha·rit·vā तिट्ठतिtiṭ·ṭha·ti सब्बदाति।sab·ba·dā·ti

Pharitvā tiṭṭhati sabbadāti.

a hundred leagues around.’
87

भूतपुब्बं,bhū·ta·pub·baṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यमस्सya·mas·sa रञ्ञोrañ·ño एतदहोसि:e·ta·da·ho·si

Bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, yamassa rañño etadahosi:

Once upon a time, King Yama thought,
88

‘येye किर,ki·ra भो,bho लोकेlo·ke पापकानिpā·pa·kā·ni कम्मानिkam·mā·ni करोन्तिka·ron·ti तेte एवरूपाe·va·rū·pā विविधाvi·vi·dhā कम्मकारणाkam·ma·kā·ra·ṇā करीयन्ति।ka·rī·yan·ti

‘ye kira, bho, loke pāpakāni kammāni karonti te evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā karīyanti.

‘Those who do such bad deeds in the world receive these many different punishments.
89

अहोa·ho वताहंva·tā·haṃ मनुस्सत्तंma·nus·sat·taṃ लभेय्यं,la·bhey·yaṃ तथागतोta·thā·ga·to चca लोकेlo·ke उप्पज्जेय्यup·paj·jey·ya अरहंa·ra·haṃ सम्मासम्बुद्धो,sam·mā·sam·bud·dho तञ्चाहंtañ·cā·haṃ भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ पयिरुपासेय्यं।pa·yi·ru·pā·sey·yaṃ

Aho vatāhaṁ manussattaṁ labheyyaṁ, tathāgato ca loke uppajjeyya arahaṁ sammāsambuddho, tañcāhaṁ bhagavantaṁ payirupāseyyaṁ.

Oh, I hope I may be reborn as a human being! And that a Realized One—a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha—arises in the world! And that I may pay homage to the Buddha!
90

सोso चca मेme भगवाbha·ga·vā धम्मंdham·maṃ देसेय्य,de·sey·ya तस्सtas·sa चाहंcā·haṃ भगवतोbha·ga·va·to धम्मंdham·maṃ आजानेय्यन्’ति।ā·jā·ney·yan

So ca me bhagavā dhammaṁ deseyya, tassa cāhaṁ bhagavato dhammaṁ ājāneyyan’ti.

Let that Buddha teach me Dhamma, so that I may understand his teaching!’
91

तंtaṃ खोkho पनाहं,pa·nā·haṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve नna अञ्ञस्सañ·ñas·sa समणस्सsa·ma·ṇas·sa वाvā ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa वाvā सुत्वाsut·vā एवंe·vaṃ वदामि,va·dā·mi अपिa·pi चca खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve यदेवya·de·va मेme सामंsā·maṃ ञातंñā·taṃ सामंsā·maṃ दिट्ठंdiṭ·ṭhaṃ सामंsā·maṃ विदितंvi·di·taṃ तदेवाहंta·de·vā·haṃ वदामीति।va·dā·mī·ti

Taṁ kho panāhaṁ, bhikkhave, na aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā sutvā evaṁ vadāmi, api ca kho, bhikkhave, yadeva me sāmaṁ ñātaṁ sāmaṁ diṭṭhaṁ sāmaṁ viditaṁ tadevāhaṁ vadāmīti.

Now, I don’t say this because I’ve heard it from some other ascetic or brahmin. I only say it because I’ve known, seen, and realized it for myself.
92

चोदिताco·di·tā देवदूतेहि,de·va·dū·te·hi

Coditā devadūtehi,

When warned by the gods’ messengers,
93

येye पमज्जन्तिpa·maj·jan·ti माणवा;mā·ṇa·vā

ye pamajjanti māṇavā;

those sons of Manu who are negligent
94

तेte दीघरत्तंdī·gha·rat·taṃ सोचन्ति,so·can·ti

Te dīgharattaṁ socanti,

sorrow for a long time
95

हीनकायूपगाhī·na·kā·yū·pa·gā नरा।na·rā

hīnakāyūpagā narā.

when they go to that wretched place.
96

येye चca खोkho देवदूतेहि,de·va·dū·te·hi

Ye ca kho devadūtehi,

When warned by the gods’ messengers,
97

सन्तोsan·to सप्पुरिसाsap·pu·ri·sā इध;i·dha

santo sappurisā idha;

the good and true persons here
98

चोदिताco·di·tā नप्पमज्जन्ति,nap·pa·maj·jan·ti

Coditā nappamajjanti,

never neglect
99

अरियधम्मेa·ri·ya·dham·me कुदाचनं।ku·dā·ca·naṃ

ariyadhamme kudācanaṁ.

the teaching of the Noble One.
100

उपादानेu·pā·dā·ne भयंbha·yaṃ दिस्वा,dis·vā

Upādāne bhayaṁ disvā,

Seeing the danger in grasping,
101

जातिमरणसम्भवे;jā·ti·ma·ra·ṇa·sam·bha·ve

jātimaraṇasambhave;

the origin of birth and death,
102

अनुपादाa·nu·pā·dā विमुच्चन्ति,vi·muc·can·ti

Anupādā vimuccanti,

the unattached are freed
103

जातिमरणसङ्खये।jā·ti·ma·ra·ṇa·saṅ·kha·ye

jātimaraṇasaṅkhaye.

with the ending of birth and death.
104

तेte अप्पमत्ताap·pa·mat·tā सुखिनो,su·khi·no

Te appamattā sukhino,

Happy, they’ve come to a safe place,
105

दिट्ठधम्माभिनिब्बुता;diṭ·ṭha·dham·mā·bhi·nib·bu·tā

diṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā;

quenched in this very life.
106

सब्बवेरभयातीता,sab·ba·ve·ra·bha·yā·tī·tā

Sabbaverabhayātītā,

They’ve gone beyond all enmities and fears,
107

सब्बदुक्खंsab·ba·duk·khaṃ उपच्चगुन्”ति।u·pac·ca·gun

sabbadukkhaṁ upaccagun”ti.

and risen above all suffering.”
108

छट्ठं।chaṭ·ṭhaṃ

Chaṭṭhaṁ.

(Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.