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The Compendium 45 परिवार 45

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1. Voharantenajānitabbādi

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

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  1. 1

    परिवारpa·ri·vā·ra

    Parivāra

    The Compendium

  2. 2

    15। महासङ्गामma·hā·saṅ·gā·ma

    15. Mahāsaṅgāma

    The great chapter on the resolution of conflicts

  3. 3

    1। वोहरन्तेनजानितब्बादिvo·ha·ran·te·na·jā·ni·tab·bā·di

    1. Voharantenajānitabbādi

    1. What is to be known by one who is speaking, etc.

  4. 4

    सङ्गामावचरेनsaṅ·gā·mā·va·ca·re·na भिक्खुनाbhik·khu·nā सङ्घेsaṅ·ghe वोहरन्तेनvo·ha·ran·te·na वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ विपत्तिvi·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā आपत्तिā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ आकारोā·kā·ro जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo पुब्बापरंpub·bā·pa·raṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ कताकतंka·tā·ka·taṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ समथोsa·ma·tho जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo नna छन्दागतिchan·dā·ga·ti गन्तब्बा,gan·tab·bā नna दोसागतिdo·sā·ga·ti गन्तब्बा,gan·tab·bā नna मोहागतिmo·hā·ga·ti गन्तब्बा,gan·tab·bā नna भयागतिbha·yā·ga·ti गन्तब्बा,gan·tab·bā सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेतब्बं,sañ·ñā·pe·tab·baṃ निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेतब्बं,nij·jhā·pe·tab·baṃ पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खितब्बं,pek·khi·tab·baṃ पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेतब्बं,pa·sā·de·tab·baṃ “लद्धपक्खोम्ही”तिlad·dha·pak·khom·hī परपक्खोpa·ra·pak·kho नावजानितब्बो,nā·va·jā·ni·tab·bo बहुस्सुतोम्हीतिba·hus·su·tom·hī·ti अप्पस्सुतोap·pas·su·to नावजानितब्बो,nā·va·jā·ni·tab·bo थेरतरोम्हीतिthe·ra·ta·rom·hī·ti नवकतरोna·va·ka·ta·ro नावजानितब्बो,nā·va·jā·ni·tab·bo असम्पत्तंa·sam·pat·taṃ नna ब्याहातब्बं,byā·hā·tab·baṃ सम्पत्तंsam·pat·taṃ धम्मतोdham·ma·to विनयतोvi·na·ya·to नna परिहापेतब्बं,pa·ri·hā·pe·tab·baṃ येनye·na धम्मेनdham·me·na येनye·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na येनye·na सत्थुसासनेनsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·na तंtaṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसम्मति,vū·pa·sam·ma·ti तथाta·thā तंtaṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसमेतब्बं।vū·pa·sa·me·tab·baṃ

    Saṅgāmāvacarena bhikkhunā saṅghe voharantena vatthu jānitabbaṁ, vipatti jānitabbā, āpatti jānitabbā, nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, ākāro jānitabbo, pubbāparaṁ jānitabbaṁ, katākataṁ jānitabbaṁ, kammaṁ jānitabbaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ, samatho jānitabbo, na chandāgati gantabbā, na dosāgati gantabbā, na mohāgati gantabbā, na bhayāgati gantabbā, saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpetabbaṁ, nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpetabbaṁ, pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhitabbaṁ, pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādetabbaṁ, “laddhapakkhomhī”ti parapakkho nāvajānitabbo, bahussutomhīti appassuto nāvajānitabbo, therataromhīti navakataro nāvajānitabbo, asampattaṁ na byāhātabbaṁ, sampattaṁ dhammato vinayato na parihāpetabbaṁ, yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, tathā taṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasametabbaṁ.

    When a monk who is involved in a conflict is speaking in the Sangha, he should know the actions that are the bases for offenses, as well as the failures, the offenses, the origin stories, the attributes, the right order, what has and has not been done, the legal procedures, the legal issues, and their settling. He should not be biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear. He should persuade when persuasion is appropriate, should make others understand when making understand is appropriate, should look on when looking on is appropriate, and should inspire when inspiration is appropriate. Thinking, “I’ve obtained supporters,” he should not despise the supporters of others. Thinking, “I’m learned,” he should not despise those who are ignorant. Thinking, “I’m more senior,” he should not despise those who are junior. He should not speak about what has not been reached, and he should not use the Teaching or the Monastic Law to neglect what has been reached. He should resolve that legal issue in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction.

  5. 5
  6. 6

    अट्ठपाराजिकानंaṭ·ṭha·pā·rā·ji·kā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ तेवीससङ्घादिसेसानंte·vī·sa·saṅ·ghā·di·se·sā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वेअनियतानंdve·a·ni·ya·tā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वेचत्तारीसनिस्सग्गियानंdve·cat·tā·rī·sa·nis·sag·gi·yā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ अट्ठासीतिसतपाचित्तियानंaṭ·ṭhā·sī·ti·sa·ta·pā·cit·ti·yā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वादसपाटिदेसनीयानंdvā·da·sa·pā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ दुक्कटानंduk·ka·ṭā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ दुब्भासितानंdub·bhā·si·tā·naṃ वत्थुvat·thu जानितब्बं।jā·ni·tab·baṃ

    aṭṭhapārājikānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, tevīsasaṅghādisesānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, dveaniyatānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, dvecattārīsanissaggiyānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, aṭṭhāsītisatapācittiyānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, dvādasapāṭidesanīyānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, dukkaṭānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ, dubbhāsitānaṁ vatthu jānitabbaṁ.

    he should know the actions that are the bases for the eight offenses entailing expulsion, for the twenty-three offenses entailing suspension, for the two undetermined offenses, for the forty-two offenses entailing relinquishment, for the one hundred and eighty-eight offenses entailing confession, for the twelve offenses entailing acknowledgment, for the offenses of wrong conduct, and for the offenses of wrong speech.

  7. 7

    विपत्तिvi·pat·ti जानितब्बातिjā·ni·tab·bā·ti

    Vipatti jānitabbāti

    He should know the failures:

  8. 8

    सीलविपत्तिsī·la·vi·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā आचारविपत्तिā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā दिट्ठिविपत्तिdiṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā आजीवविपत्तिā·jī·va·vi·pat·ti जानितब्बा।jā·ni·tab·bā

    sīlavipatti jānitabbā, ācāravipatti jānitabbā, diṭṭhivipatti jānitabbā, ājīvavipatti jānitabbā.

    he should know failure in morality, failure in conduct, failure in view, and failure in livelihood.

  9. 9

    आपत्तिā·pat·ti जानितब्बातिjā·ni·tab·bā·ti

    Āpatti jānitabbāti

    He should know the offenses:

  10. 10

    पाराजिकापत्तिpā·rā·ji·kā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā सङ्घादिसेसापत्तिsaṅ·ghā·di·se·sā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā थुल्लच्चयापत्तिthul·lac·ca·yā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā पाचित्तियापत्तिpā·cit·ti·yā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā पाटिदेसनीयापत्तिpā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā दुक्कटापत्तिduk·ka·ṭā·pat·ti जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā दुब्भासितापत्तिdub·bhā·si·tā·pat·ti जानितब्बा।jā·ni·tab·bā

    pārājikāpatti jānitabbā, saṅghādisesāpatti jānitabbā, thullaccayāpatti jānitabbā, pācittiyāpatti jānitabbā, pāṭidesanīyāpatti jānitabbā, dukkaṭāpatti jānitabbā, dubbhāsitāpatti jānitabbā.

    he should know the offenses entailing expulsion, the offenses entailing suspension, the serious offenses, the offenses entailing confession, the offenses entailing acknowledgement, the offenses of wrong conduct, and the offenses of wrong speech.

  11. 11

    निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Nidānaṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know the origin stories:

  12. 12

    अट्ठपाराजिकानंaṭ·ṭha·pā·rā·ji·kā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ तेवीससङ्घादिसेसानंte·vī·sa·saṅ·ghā·di·se·sā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वेअनियतानंdve·a·ni·ya·tā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वेचत्तारीसनिस्सग्गियानंdve·cat·tā·rī·sa·nis·sag·gi·yā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ अट्ठासीतिसतपाचित्तियानंaṭ·ṭhā·sī·ti·sa·ta·pā·cit·ti·yā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ द्वादसपाटिदेसनीयानंdvā·da·sa·pā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ दुक्कटानंduk·ka·ṭā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ दुब्भासितानंdub·bhā·si·tā·naṃ निदानंni·dā·naṃ जानितब्बं।jā·ni·tab·baṃ

    aṭṭhapārājikānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, tevīsasaṅghādisesānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, dveaniyatānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, dvecattārīsanissaggiyānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, aṭṭhāsītisatapācittiyānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, dvādasapāṭidesanīyānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, dukkaṭānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ, dubbhāsitānaṁ nidānaṁ jānitabbaṁ.

    he should know the origin stories to the eight offenses entailing expulsion, to the twenty-three offenses entailing suspension, to the two undetermined offenses, to the forty-two offenses entailing relinquishment, to the one hundred and eighty-eight offenses entailing confession, to the twelve offenses entailing acknowledgment, to the offenses of wrong conduct, and to the offenses of wrong speech.

  13. 13

    आकारोā·kā·ro जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Ākāro jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes:

  14. 14

    सङ्घोsaṅ·gho आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo गणोga·ṇo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo चोदकोco·da·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo चुदितकोcu·di·ta·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    saṅgho ākārato jānitabbo, gaṇo ākārato jānitabbo, puggalo ākārato jānitabbo, codako ākārato jānitabbo, cuditako ākārato jānitabbo.

    he should know the attributes of a sangha, of a group, of an individual, of an accuser, of an accused.

  15. 15

    सङ्घोsaṅ·gho आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Saṅgho ākārato jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes of a sangha:

  16. 16

    पटिबलोpa·ṭi·ba·lo नुnu खोkho अयंa·yaṃ सङ्घोsaṅ·gho इमंi·maṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसमेतुंvū·pa·sa·me·tuṃ धम्मेनdham·me·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na सत्थुसासनेनsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·na उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ सङ्घोsaṅ·gho आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    paṭibalo nu kho ayaṁ saṅgho imaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasametuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena udāhu noti, evaṁ saṅgho ākārato jānitabbo.

    is this sangha capable of resolving this legal issue according to the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction, or is it not?

  17. 17

    गणोga·ṇo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Gaṇo ākārato jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes of a group:

  18. 18

    पटिबलोpa·ṭi·ba·lo नुnu खोkho अयंa·yaṃ गणोga·ṇo इमंi·maṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसमेतुंvū·pa·sa·me·tuṃ धम्मेनdham·me·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na सत्थुसासनेनsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·na उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ गणोga·ṇo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    paṭibalo nu kho ayaṁ gaṇo imaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasametuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena udāhu noti, evaṁ gaṇo ākārato jānitabbo.

    is this group capable of resolving this legal issue according to the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction, or is it not?

  19. 19

    पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Puggalo ākārato jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes of an individual:

  20. 20

    पटिबलोpa·ṭi·ba·lo नुnu खोkho अयंa·yaṃ पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo इमंi·maṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसमेतुंvū·pa·sa·me·tuṃ धम्मेनdham·me·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na सत्थुसासनेनsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·na उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    paṭibalo nu kho ayaṁ puggalo imaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasametuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena udāhu noti, evaṁ puggalo ākārato jānitabbo.

    is this individual capable of resolving this legal issue according to the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction, or is he not?

  21. 21

    चोदकोco·da·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Codako ākārato jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes of an accuser:

  22. 22

    कच्चिkac·ci नुnu खोkho अयमायस्माa·ya·mā·yas·mā पञ्चसुpañ·ca·su धम्मेसुdham·me·su पतिट्ठायpa·tiṭ·ṭhā·ya परंpa·raṃ चोदेतिco·de·ti उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ चोदकोco·da·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    kacci nu kho ayamāyasmā pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya paraṁ codeti udāhu noti, evaṁ codako ākārato jānitabbo.

    is this venerable established in the five qualities before accusing another, or is he not?

  23. 23

    चुदितकोcu·di·ta·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Cuditako ākārato jānitabboti

    He should know the attributes of an accused:

  24. 24

    कच्चिkac·ci नुnu खोkho अयमायस्माa·ya·mā·yas·mā द्वीसुdvī·su धम्मेसुdham·me·su पतिट्ठितोpa·tiṭ·ṭhi·to सच्चेsac·ce चca अकुप्पेa·kup·pe चca उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ चुदितकोcu·di·ta·ko आकारतोā·kā·ra·to जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    kacci nu kho ayamāyasmā dvīsu dhammesu patiṭṭhito sacce ca akuppe ca udāhu noti, evaṁ cuditako ākārato jānitabbo.

    is this venerable established in the two qualities of truth and composure, or is he not?

  25. 25

    पुब्बापरंpub·bā·pa·raṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Pubbāparaṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know the right order:

  26. 26

    कच्चिkac·ci नुnu खोkho अयमायस्माa·ya·mā·yas·mā वत्थुतोvat·thu·to वाvā वत्थुंvat·thuṃ सङ्कमति,saṅ·ka·ma·ti विपत्तितोvi·pat·ti·to वाvā विपत्तिंvi·pat·tiṃ सङ्कमति,saṅ·ka·ma·ti आपत्तितोā·pat·ti·to वाvā आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ सङ्कमति,saṅ·ka·ma·ti अवजानित्वाa·va·jā·nit·vā वाvā पटिजानाति,pa·ṭi·jā·nā·ti पटिजानित्वाpa·ṭi·jā·nit·vā वाvā अवजानाति,a·va·jā·nā·ti अञ्ञेनañ·ñe·na वाvā अञ्ञंañ·ñaṃ पटिचरति,pa·ṭi·ca·ra·ti उदाहुu·dā·hu नोति,no·ti एवंe·vaṃ पुब्बापरंpub·bā·pa·raṃ जानितब्बं।jā·ni·tab·baṃ

    kacci nu kho ayamāyasmā vatthuto vā vatthuṁ saṅkamati, vipattito vā vipattiṁ saṅkamati, āpattito vā āpattiṁ saṅkamati, avajānitvā vā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā vā avajānāti, aññena vā aññaṁ paṭicarati, udāhu noti, evaṁ pubbāparaṁ jānitabbaṁ.

    does this venerable go from one action that is the basis for an offense to another action, from one failure to another, from one offense to another? Does he assert things after denying them, deny things after asserting them, or evade the issue? Or does he not?

  27. 27

    कताकतंka·tā·ka·taṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Katākataṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know what has and has not been done:

  28. 28

    मेथुनधम्मोme·thu·na·dham·mo जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo मेथुनधम्मस्सme·thu·na·dham·mas·sa अनुलोमंa·nu·lo·maṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ मेथुनधम्मस्सme·thu·na·dham·mas·sa पुब्बभागोpub·ba·bhā·go जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    methunadhammo jānitabbo, methunadhammassa anulomaṁ jānitabbaṁ, methunadhammassa pubbabhāgo jānitabbo.

    he should know sexual intercourse, he should know what amounts to sexual intercourse, he should know the preliminaries of sexual intercourse.

  29. 29

    मेथुनधम्मोme·thu·na·dham·mo जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Methunadhammo jānitabboti

    He should know sexual intercourse:

  30. 30

    द्वयंद्वयसमापत्तिdva·yaṃd·va·ya·sa·mā·pat·ti जानितब्बा।jā·ni·tab·bā

    dvayaṁdvayasamāpatti jānitabbā.

    he should know that which is done wherever there are couples.

  31. 31

    मेथुनधम्मस्सme·thu·na·dham·mas·sa अनुलोमंa·nu·lo·maṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Methunadhammassa anulomaṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know what amounts to sexual intercourse:

  32. 32

    भिक्खुbhik·khu अत्तनोat·ta·no मुखेनmu·khe·na परस्सpa·ras·sa अङ्गजातंaṅ·ga·jā·taṃ गण्हाति।gaṇ·hā·ti

    bhikkhu attano mukhena parassa aṅgajātaṁ gaṇhāti.

    a monk taking the genitals of another in his mouth.

  33. 33

    मेथुनधम्मस्सme·thu·na·dham·mas·sa पुब्बभागोpub·ba·bhā·go जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Methunadhammassa pubbabhāgo jānitabboti

    He should know the preliminaries to sexual intercourse:

  34. 34

    वण्णावण्णो,vaṇ·ṇā·vaṇ·ṇo कायसंसग्गो,kā·ya·saṃ·sag·go दुट्ठुल्लवाचा,duṭ·ṭhul·la·vā·cā अत्तकामपारिचरिया,at·ta·kā·ma·pā·ri·ca·ri·yā वचनमनुप्पदानं।va·ca·na·ma·nup·pa·dā·naṃ

    vaṇṇāvaṇṇo, kāyasaṁsaggo, duṭṭhullavācā, attakāmapāricariyā, vacanamanuppadānaṁ.

    various colors, physical contact, indecent speech, satisfying one’s own desires, encouraging through speech.

  35. 35

    कम्मंkam·maṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Kammaṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know the legal procedures:

  36. 36

    सोळसकम्मानिso·ḷa·sa·kam·mā·ni जानितब्बानि—jā·ni·tab·bā·ni

    soḷasakammāni jānitabbāni—

    he should know the sixteen legal procedures:

  37. 37

    चत्तारिcat·tā·ri अपलोकनकम्मानिa·pa·lo·ka·na·kam·mā·ni जानितब्बानि,jā·ni·tab·bā·ni चत्तारिcat·tā·ri ञत्तिकम्मानिñat·ti·kam·mā·ni जानितब्बानि,jā·ni·tab·bā·ni चत्तारिcat·tā·ri ञत्तिदुतियकम्मानिñat·ti·du·ti·ya·kam·mā·ni जानितब्बानि,jā·ni·tab·bā·ni चत्तारिcat·tā·ri ञत्तिचतुत्थकम्मानिñat·ti·ca·tut·tha·kam·mā·ni जानितब्बानि।jā·ni·tab·bā·ni

    cattāri apalokanakammāni jānitabbāni, cattāri ñattikammāni jānitabbāni, cattāri ñattidutiyakammāni jānitabbāni, cattāri ñatticatutthakammāni jānitabbāni.

    he should know the four kinds of legal procedures consisting of getting permission, the four kinds of legal procedures consisting of one motion, the four kinds of legal procedures consisting one motion and one announcement, and the four kinds of legal procedures consisting of one motion and three announcements.

  38. 38

    अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बन्तिjā·ni·tab·ban·ti

    Adhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbanti

    He should know the legal issues:

  39. 39

    चत्तारिcat·tā·ri अधिकरणानिa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇā·ni जानितब्बानि—jā·ni·tab·bā·ni

    cattāri adhikaraṇāni jānitabbāni—

    he should know the four kinds of legal issues:

  40. 40

    विवादाधिकरणंvi·vā·dā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ अनुवादाधिकरणंa·nu·vā·dā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ आपत्ताधिकरणंā·pat·tā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ किच्चाधिकरणंkic·cā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं।jā·ni·tab·baṃ

    vivādādhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ.

    he should know the legal issues arising from disputes, the legal issues arising from accusations, the legal issues arising from offenses, and the legal issues arising from business.

  41. 41

    समथोsa·ma·tho जानितब्बोतिjā·ni·tab·bo·ti

    Samatho jānitabboti

    He should know settling:

  42. 42

    सत्तsat·ta समथाsa·ma·thā जानितब्बा—jā·ni·tab·bā

    satta samathā jānitabbā—

    he should know the seven principles for settling legal issues:

  43. 43

    सम्मुखाविनयोsam·mu·khā·vi·na·yo जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo सतिविनयोsa·ti·vi·na·yo जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo अमूळ्हविनयोa·mū·ḷha·vi·na·yo जानितब्बो,jā·ni·tab·bo पटिञ्ञातकरणंpa·ṭiñ·ñā·ta·ka·ra·ṇaṃ जानितब्बं,jā·ni·tab·baṃ येभुय्यसिकाye·bhuy·ya·si·kā जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā तस्सपापियसिकाtas·sa·pā·pi·ya·si·kā जानितब्बा,jā·ni·tab·bā तिणवत्थारकोti·ṇa·vat·thā·ra·ko जानितब्बो।jā·ni·tab·bo

    sammukhāvinayo jānitabbo, sativinayo jānitabbo, amūḷhavinayo jānitabbo, paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ jānitabbaṁ, yebhuyyasikā jānitabbā, tassapāpiyasikā jānitabbā, tiṇavatthārako jānitabbo.

    he should know resolution face-to-face, resolution through recollection, resolution because of past insanity, acting according to what has been admitted, majority decision, further penalty, and covering over as if with grass.

  44. 44

    2। अगतिअगन्तब्बa·ga·ti·a·gan·tab·ba

    2. Agatiagantabba

    2. Not to be biased

  45. 45

    नna छन्दागतिchan·dā·ga·ti गन्तब्बातिgan·tab·bā·ti

    Na chandāgati gantabbāti

    He should not be biased by favoritism:

  46. 46

    छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to कथंka·thaṃ छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    chandāgatiṁ gacchanto kathaṁ chandāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one biased by favoritism?

  47. 47

    इधेकच्चो—“अयंi·dhe·kac·co मेme उपज्झायोu·paj·jhā·yo वाvā आचरियोā·ca·ri·yo वाvā सद्धिविहारिकोsad·dhi·vi·hā·ri·ko वाvā अन्तेवासिकोan·te·vā·si·ko वाvā समानुपज्झायकोsa·mā·nu·paj·jhā·ya·ko वाvā समानाचरियकोsa·mā·nā·ca·ri·ya·ko वाvā सन्दिट्ठोsan·diṭ·ṭho वाvā सम्भत्तोsam·bhat·to वाvā ञातिसालोहितोñā·ti·sā·lo·hi·to वा”ति,vā तस्सानुकम्पायtas·sā·nu·kam·pā·ya तस्सानुरक्खायtas·sā·nu·rak·khā·ya अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अविनयंa·vi·na·yaṃ विनयोतिvi·na·yo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti विनयंvi·na·yaṃ अविनयोतिa·vi·na·yo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनापत्तिंa·nā·pat·tiṃ आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनापत्तीतिa·nā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti लहुकंla·hu·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ गरुकाga·ru·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti गरुकंga·ru·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ लहुकाla·hu·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti सावसेसंsā·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनवसेसाa·na·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनवसेसंa·na·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ सावसेसाsā·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    Idhekacco—“ayaṁ me upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā saddhivihāriko vā antevāsiko vā samānupajjhāyako vā samānācariyako vā sandiṭṭho vā sambhatto vā ñātisālohito vā”ti, tassānukampāya tassānurakkhāya adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti, avinayaṁ vinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṁ avinayoti dīpeti, abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, apaññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, anāpattiṁ āpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpeti, lahukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti, sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti, duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    It may be that someone thinks, “This is my preceptor, teacher, student, pupil, co-student, co-pupil, friend, companion, or relative.” To be compassionate toward and protect this person, he proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. He proclaims what is contrary to the Monastic Law as being in accordance with it, and what is in accordance with the Monastic Law as contrary to it. He proclaims what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as spoken by him, and what has been spoken by the Buddha as not spoken by him. He proclaims what was not practiced by the Buddha as practiced by him, and what was practiced by the Buddha as not practiced by him. He proclaims what was not laid down by the Buddha as laid down by him, and what was laid down by the Buddha as not laid down by him. He proclaims a non-offense as an offense, and an offense as a non-offense. He proclaims a light offense as heavy, and a heavy offense as light. He proclaims a curable offense as incurable, and an incurable offense as curable. He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  48. 48

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to बहुजनाहितायba·hu·ja·nā·hi·tā·ya पटिपन्नोpa·ṭi·pan·no होतिho·ti बहुजनासुखायba·hu·ja·nā·su·khā·ya बहुनोba·hu·no जनस्सja·nas·sa अनत्थायa·nat·thā·ya अहितायa·hi·tā·ya दुक्खायduk·khā·ya देवमनुस्सानं।de·va·ma·nus·sā·naṃ

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi chandāgatiṁ gacchanto bahujanāhitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.

    If he is biased by favoritism by way of these eighteen grounds, then his behavior is unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; it is harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans.

  49. 49

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to खतंkha·taṃ उपहतंu·pa·ha·taṃ अत्तानंat·tā·naṃ परिहरति,pa·ri·ha·ra·ti सावज्जोsā·vaj·jo चca होतिho·ti सानुवज्जोsā·nu·vaj·jo चca विञ्ञूनं,viñ·ñū·naṃ बहुञ्चba·huñ·ca अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ पसवति।pa·sa·va·ti

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi chandāgatiṁ gacchanto khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati.

    If he is biased by favoritism by way of these eighteen grounds, then he is damaged and impaired, blamed and criticized by sensible people, and makes much demerit.

  50. 50

    छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to एवंe·vaṃ छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Chandāgatiṁ gacchanto evaṁ chandāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  51. 51

    नna दोसागतिdo·sā·ga·ti गन्तब्बातिgan·tab·bā·ti

    Na dosāgati gantabbāti

    He should not be biased by ill will:

  52. 52

    दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to कथंka·thaṃ दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    dosāgatiṁ gacchanto kathaṁ dosāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one biased by ill will?

  53. 53

    इधेकच्चोi·dhe·kac·co अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ मेme अचरीतिa·ca·rī·ti आघातंā·ghā·taṃ बन्धति,ban·dha·ti अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ मेme चरतीतिca·ra·tī·ti आघातंā·ghā·taṃ बन्धति,ban·dha·ti अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ मेme चरिस्सतीतिca·ris·sa·tī·ti आघातंā·ghā·taṃ बन्धति,ban·dha·ti पियस्सpi·yas·sa मेme मनापस्सma·nā·pas·sa अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ अचरिa·ca·ri … अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ चरतिca·ra·ti … अनत्थंa·nat·thaṃ चरिस्सतीतिca·ris·sa·tī·ti आघातंā·ghā·taṃ बन्धति,ban·dha·ti अप्पियस्सap·pi·yas·sa मेme अमनापस्सa·ma·nā·pas·sa अत्थंat·thaṃ अचरिa·ca·ri … अत्थंat·thaṃ चरतिca·ra·ti … अत्थंat·thaṃ चरिस्सतीतिca·ris·sa·tī·ti आघातंā·ghā·taṃ बन्धति।ban·dha·ti

    Idhekacco anatthaṁ me acarīti āghātaṁ bandhati, anatthaṁ me caratīti āghātaṁ bandhati, anatthaṁ me carissatīti āghātaṁ bandhati, piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṁ acari … anatthaṁ carati … anatthaṁ carissatīti āghātaṁ bandhati, appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṁ acari … atthaṁ carati … atthaṁ carissatīti āghātaṁ bandhati.

    It may be that someone thinks, “They’ve harmed me,” and he feels resentful. Or he thinks, “They’re harming me,” and he feels resentful. Or he thinks, “They’ll harm me,” and he feels resentful. Or he thinks, “They’ve harmed someone who’s dear to me” … “They’re harming someone who’s dear to me” … “They’ll harm someone who’s dear to me” … “They’ve benefited someone I dislike” … “They’re benefiting someone I dislike” … “They’ll benefit someone I dislike,” and he feels resentful.

  54. 54

    इमेहिi·me·hi नवहिna·va·hi आघातवत्थूहिā·ghā·ta·vat·thū·hi आघातोā·ghā·to पटिघातोpa·ṭi·ghā·to कुद्धोkud·dho कोधाभिभूतोko·dhā·bhi·bhū·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेतिdī·pe·ti …पे…pe

    Imehi navahi āghātavatthūhi āghāto paṭighāto kuddho kodhābhibhūto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…

    Because of these nine grounds for resentment, he is resentful, hostile, angry, and overcome by anger, and then proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it …

  55. 55

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  56. 56

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to बहुजनाहितायba·hu·ja·nā·hi·tā·ya पटिपन्नोpa·ṭi·pan·no होतिho·ti बहुजनासुखायba·hu·ja·nā·su·khā·ya बहुनोba·hu·no जनस्सja·nas·sa अनत्थायa·nat·thā·ya अहितायa·hi·tā·ya दुक्खायduk·khā·ya देवमनुस्सानं।de·va·ma·nus·sā·naṃ

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi dosāgatiṁ gacchanto bahujanāhitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.

    If he is biased by ill will by way of these eighteen grounds, then his behavior is unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; it is harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans.

  57. 57

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to खतंkha·taṃ उपहतंu·pa·ha·taṃ अत्तानंat·tā·naṃ परिहरति,pa·ri·ha·ra·ti सावज्जोsā·vaj·jo चca होतिho·ti सानुवज्जोsā·nu·vaj·jo चca विञ्ञूनंviñ·ñū·naṃ बहुञ्चba·huñ·ca अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ पसवति।pa·sa·va·ti

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi dosāgatiṁ gacchanto khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati.

    If he is biased by ill will by way of these eighteen grounds, then he is damaged and impaired, blamed and criticized by sensible people, and makes much demerit.

  58. 58

    दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to एवंe·vaṃ दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Dosāgatiṁ gacchanto evaṁ dosāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  59. 59

    नna मोहागतिmo·hā·ga·ti गन्तब्बातिgan·tab·bā·ti

    Na mohāgati gantabbāti

    He should not be biased by confusion:

  60. 60

    मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to कथंka·thaṃ मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    mohāgatiṁ gacchanto kathaṁ mohāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one biased by confusion?

  61. 61

    रत्तोrat·to रागवसेनrā·ga·va·se·na गच्छति,gac·cha·ti दुट्ठोduṭ·ṭho दोसवसेनdo·sa·va·se·na गच्छति,gac·cha·ti मूळ्होmū·ḷho मोहवसेनmo·ha·va·se·na गच्छति,gac·cha·ti परामट्ठोpa·rā·maṭ·ṭho दिट्ठिवसेनdiṭ·ṭhi·va·se·na गच्छति,gac·cha·ti मूळ्होmū·ḷho सम्मूळ्होsam·mū·ḷho मोहाभिभूतोmo·hā·bhi·bhū·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेतिdī·pe·ti …पे…pe

    Ratto rāgavasena gacchati, duṭṭho dosavasena gacchati, mūḷho mohavasena gacchati, parāmaṭṭho diṭṭhivasena gacchati, mūḷho sammūḷho mohābhibhūto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…

    Biased by favoritism, ill will, or confusion, or by a grasped view, he is confused, deluded, and overcome by confusion, and then proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it …

  62. 62

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  63. 63

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to बहुजनाहितायba·hu·ja·nā·hi·tā·ya पटिपन्नोpa·ṭi·pan·no होतिho·ti बहुजनासुखायba·hu·ja·nā·su·khā·ya बहुनोba·hu·no जनस्सja·nas·sa अनत्थायa·nat·thā·ya अहितायa·hi·tā·ya दुक्खायduk·khā·ya देवमनुस्सानं।de·va·ma·nus·sā·naṃ

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi mohāgatiṁ gacchanto bahujanāhitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.

    If he is biased by confusion by way of these eighteen grounds, then his behavior is unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; it is harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans.

  64. 64

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to खतंkha·taṃ उपहतंu·pa·ha·taṃ अत्तानंat·tā·naṃ परिहरति,pa·ri·ha·ra·ti सावज्जोsā·vaj·jo चca होतिho·ti सानुवज्जोsā·nu·vaj·jo चca विञ्ञूनं,viñ·ñū·naṃ बहुञ्चba·huñ·ca अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ पसवति।pa·sa·va·ti

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi mohāgatiṁ gacchanto khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati.

    If he is biased by confusion by way of these eighteen grounds, then he is damaged and impaired, blamed and criticized by sensible people, and makes much demerit.

  65. 65

    मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to एवंe·vaṃ मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Mohāgatiṁ gacchanto evaṁ mohāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  66. 66

    नna भयागतिbha·yā·ga·ti गन्तब्बातिgan·tab·bā·ti

    Na bhayāgati gantabbāti

    He should not be biased by fear:

  67. 67

    भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to कथंka·thaṃ भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto kathaṁ bhayāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one biased by fear?

  68. 68

    इधेकच्चो—“अयंi·dhe·kac·co विसमनिस्सितोvi·sa·ma·nis·si·to वाvā गहननिस्सितोga·ha·na·nis·si·to वाvā बलवनिस्सितोba·la·va·nis·si·to वाvā कक्खळोkak·kha·ḷo फरुसोpha·ru·so जीवितन्तरायंjī·vi·tan·ta·rā·yaṃ वाvā ब्रह्मचरियन्तरायंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yan·ta·rā·yaṃ वाvā करिस्सती”ति,ka·ris·sa·tī तस्सtas·sa भयाbha·yā भीतोbhī·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अविनयंa·vi·na·yaṃ विनयोतिvi·na·yo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti विनयंvi·na·yaṃ अविनयोतिa·vi·na·yo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनापत्तिंa·nā·pat·tiṃ आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनापत्तीतिa·nā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti लहुकंla·hu·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ गरुकाga·ru·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti गरुकंga·ru·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ लहुकाla·hu·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti सावसेसंsā·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनवसेसाa·na·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अनवसेसंa·na·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ सावसेसाsā·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    Idhekacco—“ayaṁ visamanissito vā gahananissito vā balavanissito vā kakkhaḷo pharuso jīvitantarāyaṁ vā brahmacariyantarāyaṁ vā karissatī”ti, tassa bhayā bhīto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti, avinayaṁ vinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṁ avinayoti dīpeti, abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, apaññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, anāpattiṁ āpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpeti, lahukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti, sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti, duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    It may be that someone thinks, “This one relies on the uneven, on thick covers, and on powerful individuals; he’s cruel and harsh, and might be a threat to life or the monastic life.” Fearful or frightened of him, he proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. He proclaims what is contrary to the Monastic Law as being in accordance with it, and what is in accordance with the Monastic Law as contrary to it. He proclaims what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as spoken by him, and what has been spoken by the Buddha as not spoken by him. He proclaims what was not practiced by the Buddha as practiced by him, and what was practiced by the Buddha as not practiced by him. He proclaims what was not laid down by the Buddha as laid down by him, and what was laid down by the Buddha as not laid down by him. He proclaims a non-offense as an offense, and an offense as a non-offense. He proclaims a light offense as heavy, and a heavy offense as light. He proclaims a curable offense as incurable, and an incurable offense as curable. He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  69. 69

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to बहुजनाहितायba·hu·ja·nā·hi·tā·ya पटिपन्नोpa·ṭi·pan·no होतिho·ti बहुजनासुखायba·hu·ja·nā·su·khā·ya बहुनोba·hu·no जनस्सja·nas·sa अनत्थायa·nat·thā·ya अहितायa·hi·tā·ya दुक्खायduk·khā·ya देवमनुस्सानं।de·va·ma·nus·sā·naṃ

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto bahujanāhitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.

    If he is biased by fear by way of these eighteen grounds, then his behavior is unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; it is harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans.

  70. 70

    इमेहिi·me·hi अट्ठारसहिaṭ·ṭhā·ra·sa·hi वत्थूहिvat·thū·hi भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to खतंkha·taṃ उपहतंu·pa·ha·taṃ अत्तानंat·tā·naṃ परिहरति,pa·ri·ha·ra·ti सावज्जोsā·vaj·jo चca होति,ho·ti सानुवज्जोsā·nu·vaj·jo चca विञ्ञूनं,viñ·ñū·naṃ बहुञ्चba·huñ·ca अपुञ्ञंa·puñ·ñaṃ पसवति।pa·sa·va·ti

    Imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti, sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati.

    If he is biased by fear by way of these eighteen grounds, then he is damaged and impaired, blamed and criticized by sensible people, and makes much demerit.

  71. 71

    भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छन्तोgac·chan·to एवंe·vaṃ भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto evaṁ bhayāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  72. 72

    छन्दाchan·dā दोसाdo·sā भयाbha·yā मोहा,mo·hā

    Chandā dosā bhayā mohā,

    “If, because of favoritism, ill will, fear, or confusion,

  73. 73

    योyo धम्मंdham·maṃ अतिवत्तति;a·ti·vat·ta·ti

    yo dhammaṁ ativattati;

    He goes beyond the Teaching,

  74. 74

    निहीयतिni·hī·ya·ti तस्सtas·sa यसो,ya·so

    Nihīyati tassa yaso,

    Then his reputation is harmed,

  75. 75

    काळपक्खेवkā·ḷa·pak·khe·va चन्दिमाति।can·di·mā·ti

    kāḷapakkheva candimāti.

    Like the moon during the waning half-month.”

  76. 76

    3। अगतिअगमनa·ga·ti·a·ga·ma·na

    3. Agatiagamana

    3. Not being biased

  77. 77

    कथंka·thaṃ नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    Kathaṁ na chandāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one not biased by favoritism?

  78. 78

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अविनयंa·vi·na·yaṃ अविनयोतिa·vi·na·yo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti विनयंvi·na·yaṃ विनयोतिvi·na·yo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनापत्तिंa·nā·pat·tiṃ अनापत्तीतिa·nā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti लहुकंla·hu·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ लहुकाla·hu·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti गरुकंga·ru·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ गरुकाga·ru·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti सावसेसंsā·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ सावसेसाsā·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनवसेसंa·na·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनवसेसाa·na·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, avinayaṁ avinayoti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, vinayaṁ vinayoti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, apaññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, paññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, anāpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, āpattiṁ āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, lahukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, garukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na chandāgatiṁ gacchati.

    One is not biased by favoritism if one proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such; if one proclaims what is contrary to the Monastic Law as such, and what is in accordance with the Monastic Law as such; if one proclaims what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as such, and what has been spoken by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims what was not practiced by the Buddha as such, and what was practiced by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims what was not laid down by the Buddha as such, and what was laid down by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims a non-offense as such, and an offense as such; if one proclaims a light offense as light, and a heavy offense as heavy; if one proclaims a curable offense as curable, and an incurable offense as incurable; if one proclaims a grave offense as grave, and a minor offense as minor.

  79. 79

    एवंe·vaṃ नna छन्दागतिंchan·dā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Evaṁ na chandāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  80. 80

    कथंka·thaṃ नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    Kathaṁ na dosāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one not biased by ill will?

  81. 81

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छतिgac·cha·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento na dosāgatiṁ gacchati, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento na dosāgatiṁ gacchati …pe…

    One is not biased by ill will if one proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such …

  82. 82

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na dosāgatiṁ gacchati, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na dosāgatiṁ gacchati.

    if one proclaims a grave offense as grave, and a minor offense as minor.

  83. 83

    एवंe·vaṃ नna दोसागतिंdo·sā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Evaṁ na dosāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  84. 84

    कथंka·thaṃ नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    Kathaṁ na mohāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one not biased by confusion?

  85. 85

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छतिgac·cha·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento na mohāgatiṁ gacchati, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento na mohāgatiṁ gacchati …pe…

    One is not biased by confusion if one proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such …

  86. 86

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na mohāgatiṁ gacchati, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na mohāgatiṁ gacchati.

    if one proclaims a grave offense as grave, and a minor offense as minor.

  87. 87

    एवंe·vaṃ नna मोहागतिंmo·hā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Evaṁ na mohāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  88. 88

    कथंka·thaṃ नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति?gac·cha·ti

    Kathaṁ na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati?

    How is one not biased by fear?

  89. 89

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अविनयंa·vi·na·yaṃ अविनयोतिa·vi·na·yo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti विनयंvi·na·yaṃ विनयोतिvi·na·yo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अभासितंa·bhā·si·taṃ अलपितंa·la·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na भासितंbhā·si·taṃ लपितंla·pi·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अनाचिण्णंa·nā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na आचिण्णंā·ciṇ·ṇaṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na अपञ्ञत्तंa·pañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनta·thā·ga·te·na पञ्ञत्तंpañ·ñat·taṃ तथागतेनातिta·thā·ga·te·nā·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनापत्तिंa·nā·pat·tiṃ अनापत्तीतिa·nā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti लहुकंla·hu·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ लहुकाla·hu·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti गरुकंga·ru·kaṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ गरुकाga·ru·kā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti सावसेसंsā·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ सावसेसाsā·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अनवसेसंa·na·va·se·saṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अनवसेसाa·na·va·se·sā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति,gac·cha·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, avinayaṁ avinayoti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, vinayaṁ vinayoti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, apaññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, paññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, anāpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, āpattiṁ āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, lahukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, garukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati.

    One is not biased by fear if one proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such; if one proclaims what is contrary to the Monastic Law as such, and what is in accordance with the Monastic Law as such; if one proclaims what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as such, and what has been spoken by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims what was not practiced by the Buddha as such, and what was practiced by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims what was not laid down by the Buddha as such, and what was laid down by the Buddha as such; if one proclaims a non-offense as such, and an offense as such; if one proclaims a light offense as light, and a heavy offense as heavy; if one proclaims a curable offense as curable, and an incurable offense as incurable; if one proclaims a grave offense as grave, and a minor offense as minor.

  90. 90

    एवंe·vaṃ नna भयागतिंbha·yā·ga·tiṃ गच्छति।gac·cha·ti

    Evaṁ na bhayāgatiṁ gacchati.

    (Pāli only)

  91. 91

    छन्दाchan·dā दोसाdo·sā भयाbha·yā मोहा,mo·hā

    Chandā dosā bhayā mohā,

    “If, because of favoritism, ill will, fear, or confusion,

  92. 92

    योyo धम्मंdham·maṃ नातिवत्तति;nā·ti·vat·ta·ti

    yo dhammaṁ nātivattati;

    He does not go beyond the Teaching,

  93. 93

    आपूरतिā·pū·ra·ti तस्सtas·sa यसो,ya·so

    Āpūrati tassa yaso,

    Then his reputation grows,

  94. 94

    सुक्कपक्खेवsuk·ka·pak·khe·va चन्दिमाति।can·di·mā·ti

    sukkapakkheva candimāti.

    Like the moon during the waxing fortnight.”

  95. 95

    4। सञ्ञापनीयादिsañ·ñā·pa·nī·yā·di

    4. Saññāpanīyādi

    4. To be persuaded, etc.

  96. 96

    कथंka·thaṃ सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेति?sañ·ñā·pe·ti

    Kathaṁ saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti?

    How does one persuade when persuasion is appropriate?

  97. 97

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेति,sañ·ñā·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेतिsañ·ñā·pe·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti …pe…

    Proclaiming what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such, he persuades others when persuasion is appropriate. …

  98. 98

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेति,sañ·ñā·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेति।sañ·ñā·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti.

    Proclaiming a grave offense as grave and a minor offense as minor, he persuades others when persuasion is appropriate.

  99. 99

    एवंe·vaṃ सञ्ञापनीयेsañ·ñā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne सञ्ञापेति।sañ·ñā·pe·ti

    Evaṁ saññāpanīye ṭhāne saññāpeti.

    (Pāli only)

  100. 100

    कथंka·thaṃ निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेति?nij·jhā·pe·ti

    Kathaṁ nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti?

    How does one make others understand when making understand is appropriate?

  101. 101

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेति,nij·jhā·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेतिnij·jhā·pe·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti …pe…

    Proclaiming what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such, he makes others understand when making understand is appropriate. …

  102. 102

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेति,nij·jhā·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेति।nij·jhā·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti.

    Proclaiming a grave offense as grave and a minor offense as minor, he makes others understand when making understand is appropriate.

  103. 103

    एवंe·vaṃ निज्झापनीयेnij·jhā·pa·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne निज्झापेति।nij·jhā·pe·ti

    Evaṁ nijjhāpanīye ṭhāne nijjhāpeti.

    (Pāli only)

  104. 104

    कथंka·thaṃ पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खति?pek·kha·ti

    Kathaṁ pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati?

    How does one look on when looking on is appropriate?

  105. 105

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खति,pek·kha·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खतिpek·kha·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati …pe…

    Proclaiming what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such, he looks on when looking on is appropriate. …

  106. 106

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खति,pek·kha·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खति।pek·kha·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati.

    Proclaiming a grave offense as grave and a minor offense as minor, he looks on when looking on is appropriate.

  107. 107

    एवंe·vaṃ पेक्खनीयेpek·kha·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पेक्खति।pek·kha·ti

    Evaṁ pekkhanīye ṭhāne pekkhati.

    (Pāli only)

  108. 108

    कथंka·thaṃ पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेति?pa·sā·de·ti

    Kathaṁ pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti?

    How does one inspire when inspiration is appropriate?

  109. 109

    अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेति,pa·sā·de·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेतिpa·sā·de·ti …पे…pe

    Adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpento pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti, dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpento pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti …pe…

    Proclaiming what is contrary to the Teaching as such, and what is in accordance with the Teaching as such, he inspires when inspiration is appropriate. …

  110. 110

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेति,pa·sā·de·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेन्तोdī·pen·to पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेति।pa·sā·de·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpento pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti.

    Proclaiming a grave offense as grave and a minor offense as minor, he inspires when inspiration is appropriate.

  111. 111

    एवंe·vaṃ पसादनीयेpa·sā·da·nī·ye ठानेṭhā·ne पसादेति।pa·sā·de·ti

    Evaṁ pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādeti.

    (Pāli only)

  112. 112

    5। परपक्खादिअवजाननpa·ra·pak·khā·di·a·va·jā·na·na

    5. Parapakkhādiavajānana

    5. Despising the supporters of others, etc.

  113. 113

    कथंka·thaṃ लद्धपक्खोम्हीतिlad·dha·pak·khom·hī·ti परपक्खंpa·ra·pak·khaṃ अवजानाति?a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Kathaṁ laddhapakkhomhīti parapakkhaṁ avajānāti?

    Thinking, “I’ve obtained supporters,” how does one despise the supporters of others?

  114. 114

    इधेकच्चोi·dhe·kac·co लद्धपक्खोlad·dha·pak·kho होतिho·ti लद्धपरिवारोlad·dha·pa·ri·vā·ro पक्खवाpak·kha·vā ञातिमा।ñā·ti·mā

    Idhekacco laddhapakkho hoti laddhaparivāro pakkhavā ñātimā.

    It may be that someone has obtained supporters and a group of followers, and has relatives.

  115. 115

    “अयंa·yaṃ अलद्धपक्खोa·lad·dha·pak·kho अलद्धपरिवारोa·lad·dha·pa·ri·vā·ro नna पक्खवाpak·kha·vā नna ञातिमा”तिñā·ti·mā तस्सtas·sa अवजानन्तोa·va·jā·nan·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेतिdī·pe·ti …पे…pe

    “Ayaṁ aladdhapakkho aladdhaparivāro na pakkhavā na ñātimā”ti tassa avajānanto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…

    He thinks, “This one doesn’t have supporters or a group of followers, and doesn’t have relatives,” and despising him, he proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. …

  116. 116

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  117. 117

    एवंe·vaṃ लद्धपक्खोम्हीतिlad·dha·pak·khom·hī·ti परपक्खंpa·ra·pak·khaṃ अवजानाति।a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Evaṁ laddhapakkhomhīti parapakkhaṁ avajānāti.

    (Pāli only)

  118. 118

    कथंka·thaṃ बहुस्सुतोम्हीतिba·hus·su·tom·hī·ti अप्पस्सुतंap·pas·su·taṃ अवजानाति?a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Kathaṁ bahussutomhīti appassutaṁ avajānāti?

    Thinking, “I’m learned,” how does one despise those who are ignorant?

  119. 119

    इधेकच्चोi·dhe·kac·co बहुस्सुतोba·hus·su·to होतिho·ti सुतधरोsu·ta·dha·ro सुतसन्निचयो।su·ta·san·ni·ca·yo

    Idhekacco bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo.

    It may be that someone is learned, one who has retained and accumulated what he has learned.

  120. 120

    “अयंa·yaṃ अप्पस्सुतोap·pas·su·to अप्पागमोap·pā·ga·mo अप्पधरो”तिap·pa·dha·ro तस्सtas·sa अवजानन्तोa·va·jā·nan·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेतिdī·pe·ti …पे…pe

    “Ayaṁ appassuto appāgamo appadharo”ti tassa avajānanto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…

    He thinks, “This one is ignorant; he has learned little and remembers little,” and despising him, he proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. …

  121. 121

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  122. 122

    एवंe·vaṃ बहुस्सुतोम्हीतिba·hus·su·tom·hī·ti अप्पस्सुतंap·pas·su·taṃ अवजानाति।a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Evaṁ bahussutomhīti appassutaṁ avajānāti.

    (Pāli only)

  123. 123

    कथंka·thaṃ थेरतरोम्हीतिthe·ra·ta·rom·hī·ti नवकतरंna·va·ka·ta·raṃ अवजानाति?a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Kathaṁ therataromhīti navakataraṁ avajānāti?

    Thinking, “I’m more senior,” how does one despise those who are more junior?

  124. 124

    इधेकच्चोi·dhe·kac·co थेरोthe·ro होतिho·ti रत्तञ्ञूrat·tañ·ñū चिरपब्बजितोci·ra·pab·ba·ji·to “अयंa·yaṃ नवकोna·va·ko अप्पञ्ञातोap·pañ·ñā·to अप्पकतञ्ञूap·pa·ka·tañ·ñū इमस्सi·mas·sa वचनंva·ca·naṃ अकतंa·ka·taṃ भविस्सती”तिbha·vis·sa·tī तस्सtas·sa अवजानन्तोa·va·jā·nan·to अधम्मंa·dham·maṃ धम्मोतिdham·mo·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti धम्मंdham·maṃ अधम्मोतिa·dham·mo·ti दीपेतिdī·pe·ti …पे…pe

    Idhekacco thero hoti rattaññū cirapabbajito “ayaṁ navako appaññāto appakataññū imassa vacanaṁ akataṁ bhavissatī”ti tassa avajānanto adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…

    It may be that someone is a senior monk of long standing. He thinks, “This is an unknown and ignorant junior monk; one shouldn’t do as he asks,” and despising him, he proclaims what is contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it and what is in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. …

  125. 125

    दुट्ठुल्लंduṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ अदुट्ठुल्लाa·duṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति,dī·pe·ti अदुट्ठुल्लंa·duṭ·ṭhul·laṃ आपत्तिंā·pat·tiṃ दुट्ठुल्लाduṭ·ṭhul·lā आपत्तीतिā·pat·tī·ti दीपेति।dī·pe·ti

    duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.

    He proclaims a grave offense as minor, and a minor offense as grave.

  126. 126

    एवंe·vaṃ थेरतरोम्हीतिthe·ra·ta·rom·hī·ti नवकतरंna·va·ka·ta·raṃ अवजानाति।a·va·jā·nā·ti

    Evaṁ therataromhīti navakataraṁ avajānāti.

    (Pāli only)

  127. 127

    असम्पत्तंa·sam·pat·taṃ नna ब्याहरितब्बन्तिbyā·ha·ri·tab·ban·ti

    Asampattaṁ na byāharitabbanti

    He should not speak about what has not been reached:

  128. 128

    अनोतिण्णंa·no·tiṇ·ṇaṃ भारंbhā·raṃ नna ओतारेतब्बं।o·tā·re·tab·baṃ

    anotiṇṇaṁ bhāraṁ na otāretabbaṁ.

    he should not bring up an issue not under consideration.

  129. 129

    सम्पत्तंsam·pat·taṃ धम्मतोdham·ma·to विनयतोvi·na·ya·to नna परिहापेतब्बन्तिpa·ri·hā·pe·tab·ban·ti

    Sampattaṁ dhammato vinayato na parihāpetabbanti

    He should not use the Teaching or the Monastic Law to neglect what has been reached:

  130. 130

    यंअत्थायyaṃ·at·thā·ya सङ्घोsaṅ·gho सन्निपतितोsan·ni·pa·ti·to होति,ho·ti तंtaṃ अत्थंat·thaṃ धम्मतोdham·ma·to विनयतोvi·na·ya·to नna परिहापेतब्बं।pa·ri·hā·pe·tab·baṃ

    yaṁatthāya saṅgho sannipatito hoti, taṁ atthaṁ dhammato vinayato na parihāpetabbaṁ.

    the purpose for which the Sangha has gathered should not be neglected using the Teaching or the Monastic Law.

  131. 131

    येनye·na धम्मेनातिdham·me·nā·ti

    Yena dhammenāti

    In accordance with the Teaching:

  132. 132
  133. 133

    येनye·na विनयेनातिvi·na·ye·nā·ti

    Yena vinayenāti

    In accordance with the Monastic Law:

  134. 134

    चोदेत्वाco·det·vā सारेत्वा।sā·ret·vā

    codetvā sāretvā.

    having accused and having reminded.

  135. 135

    येनye·na सत्थुसासनेनातिsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·nā·ti

    Yena satthusāsanenāti

    In accordance with the Teacher’s instruction:

  136. 136

    ञत्तिसम्पदायñat·ti·sam·pa·dā·ya अनुस्सावनसम्पदाय,a·nus·sā·va·na·sam·pa·dā·ya येनye·na धम्मेनdham·me·na येनye·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na येनye·na सत्थुसासनेनsat·thu·sā·sa·ne·na तंtaṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसम्मति,vū·pa·sam·ma·ti तथाta·thā तंtaṃ अधिकरणंa·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ वूपसमेतब्बन्ति।vū·pa·sa·me·tab·ban·ti

    ñattisampadāya anussāvanasampadāya, yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, tathā taṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasametabbanti.

    he resolves that legal issue, complete in motion and complete in announcement, in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction.

  137. 137

    6। अनुविज्जकस्सअनुयोगa·nu·vij·ja·kas·sa·a·nu·yo·ga

    6. Anuvijjakassaanuyoga

    6. Questioning by the investigator

  138. 138

    अनुविज्जकेनa·nu·vij·ja·ke·na चोदकोco·da·ko पुच्छितब्बो—puc·chi·tab·bo

    Anuvijjakena codako pucchitabbo—

    The investigator should ask the accuser,

  139. 139

    “यंyaṃ खोkho त्वं,tvaṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si किम्हिkim·hi नंnaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si सीलविपत्तियाsī·la·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si आचारविपत्तियाā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si दिट्ठिविपत्तियाdiṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेसी”ति?ṭha·pe·sī

    “yaṁ kho tvaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapesi, kimhi naṁ ṭhapesi, sīlavipattiyā vā ṭhapesi, ācāravipattiyā vā ṭhapesi, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ṭhapesī”ti?

    “Are you canceling this monk’s invitation because he has failed in morality, in conduct, or in view?”

  140. 140

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  141. 141

    “सीलविपत्तियाsī·la·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi आचारविपत्तियाā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi दिट्ठिविपत्तियाdiṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·ti·yā वाvā ठपेमी”ति,ṭha·pe·mī सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    “sīlavipattiyā vā ṭhapemi, ācāravipattiyā vā ṭhapemi, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ṭhapemī”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “I’m canceling it because he has failed in morality,” “I’m canceling it because he has failed in conduct,” or “I’m canceling it because he has failed in view,” he should be asked,

  142. 142

    “जानातिjā·nā·ti पनायस्माpa·nā·yas·mā सीलविपत्तिं,sī·la·vi·pat·tiṃ जानातिjā·nā·ti आचारविपत्तिं,ā·cā·ra·vi·pat·tiṃ जानातिjā·nā·ti दिट्ठिविपत्तिन्”ति?diṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·tin

    “jānāti panāyasmā sīlavipattiṁ, jānāti ācāravipattiṁ, jānāti diṭṭhivipattin”ti?

    “Do you know what failure in morality is?” “Do you know what failure in conduct is?” or “Do you know what failure in view is?”

  143. 143

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  144. 144

    “जानामिjā·nā·mi खोkho अहं,a·haṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so सीलविपत्तिं,sī·la·vi·pat·tiṃ जानामिjā·nā·mi आचारविपत्तिं,ā·cā·ra·vi·pat·tiṃ जानामिjā·nā·mi दिट्ठिविपत्तिन्”ति,diṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·tin सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    “jānāmi kho ahaṁ, āvuso, sīlavipattiṁ, jānāmi ācāravipattiṁ, jānāmi diṭṭhivipattin”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “I do,” he should be asked what they are.

  145. 145

    “कतमाka·ta·mā पनावुसो,pa·nā·vu·so सीलविपत्ति,sī·la·vi·pat·ti कतमाka·ta·mā आचारविपत्ति,ā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti कतमाka·ta·mā दिट्ठिविपत्ती”ति?diṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·tī

    “katamā panāvuso, sīlavipatti, katamā ācāravipatti, katamā diṭṭhivipattī”ti?

    (Pāli only)

  146. 146

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  147. 147

    “चत्तारिcat·tā·ri पाराजिकानिpā·rā·ji·kā·ni तेरसte·ra·sa सङ्घादिसेसा—अयंsaṅ·ghā·di·se·sā सीलविपत्ति।sī·la·vi·pat·ti

    “cattāri pārājikāni terasa saṅghādisesā—ayaṁ sīlavipatti.

    “The four offenses entailing expulsion and the thirteen entailing suspension are failure in morality,”

  148. 148

    थुल्लच्चयंthul·lac·ca·yaṃ पाचित्तियंpā·cit·ti·yaṃ पाटिदेसनीयंpā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yaṃ दुक्कटंduk·ka·ṭaṃ दुब्भासितं—अयंdub·bhā·si·taṃ आचारविपत्ति।ā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti

    Thullaccayaṁ pācittiyaṁ pāṭidesanīyaṁ dukkaṭaṁ dubbhāsitaṁ—ayaṁ ācāravipatti.

    “The serious offenses, the offenses entailing confession, the offenses entailing acknowledgment, the offenses of wrong conduct, and the offenses of wrong speech are failure in conduct,”

  149. 149

    मिच्छादिट्ठिmic·chā·diṭ·ṭhi अन्तग्गाहिकादिट्ठि—अयंan·tag·gā·hi·kā·diṭ·ṭhi दिट्ठिविपत्ती”ति,diṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·tī सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    Micchādiṭṭhi antaggāhikādiṭṭhi—ayaṁ diṭṭhivipattī”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “Wrong views and extreme views are failure in view,” he should be asked,

  150. 150

    “यंyaṃ खोkho त्वं,tvaṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na वाvā ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si सुतेनsu·te·na वाvā ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si परिसङ्कायpa·ri·saṅ·kā·ya वाvā ठपेसी”ति?ṭha·pe·sī

    “yaṁ kho tvaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapesi, diṭṭhena vā ṭhapesi, sutena vā ṭhapesi, parisaṅkāya vā ṭhapesī”ti?

    “Are you canceling this monk’s invitation because of what you’ve seen, what you’ve heard, or what you suspect?”

  151. 151

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  152. 152

    “दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na वाvā ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi सुतेनsu·te·na वाvā ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi परिसङ्कायpa·ri·saṅ·kā·ya वाvā ठपेमी”ति,ṭha·pe·mī सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    “diṭṭhena vā ṭhapemi, sutena vā ṭhapemi, parisaṅkāya vā ṭhapemī”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “I’m canceling it because of what I’ve seen,” “I’m canceling it because of what I’ve heard,” or “I’m canceling it because of what I suspect,” he should be asked,

  153. 153

    “यंyaṃ खोkho त्वं,tvaṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si किंkiṃ तेte दिट्ठं,diṭ·ṭhaṃ किन्तिkin·ti तेte दिट्ठं,diṭ·ṭhaṃ कदाka·dā तेte दिट्ठं,diṭ·ṭhaṃ कत्थkat·tha तेte दिट्ठं,diṭ·ṭhaṃ पाराजिकंpā·rā·ji·kaṃ अज्झापज्जन्तोaj·jhā·paj·jan·to दिट्ठो,diṭ·ṭho सङ्घादिसेसंsaṅ·ghā·di·se·saṃ अज्झापज्जन्तोaj·jhā·paj·jan·to दिट्ठो,diṭ·ṭho थुल्लच्चयंthul·lac·ca·yaṃ …

    “yaṁ kho tvaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno diṭṭhena pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapesi, kiṁ te diṭṭhaṁ, kinti te diṭṭhaṁ, kadā te diṭṭhaṁ, kattha te diṭṭhaṁ, pārājikaṁ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, saṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, thullaccayaṁ …

    “Since you’re canceling this monk’s invitation because of what you’ve seen, what have you seen? How did you see it? When did you see it? Where did you see it? Did you see him commit an offense entailing expulsion? Did you see him commit an offense entailing suspension? Did you see him commit a serious offense,

  154. 154

    पाचित्तियंpā·cit·ti·yaṃ …

    pācittiyaṁ …

    an offense entailing confession,

  155. 155

    पाटिदेसनीयंpā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yaṃ …

    pāṭidesanīyaṁ …

    an offense entailing acknowledgment,

  156. 156

    दुक्कटंduk·ka·ṭaṃ …

    dukkaṭaṁ …

    an offense of wrong conduct,

  157. 157

    दुब्भासितंdub·bhā·si·taṃ अज्झापज्जन्तोaj·jhā·paj·jan·to दिट्ठो,diṭ·ṭho कत्थkat·tha चca त्वंtvaṃ अहोसि,a·ho·si कत्थkat·tha चायंcā·yaṃ भिक्खुbhik·khu अहोसि,a·ho·si किञ्चkiñ·ca त्वंtvaṃ करोसि,ka·ro·si किंkiṃ चायंcā·yaṃ भिक्खुbhik·khu करोती”ति?ka·ro·tī

    dubbhāsitaṁ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, kattha ca tvaṁ ahosi, kattha cāyaṁ bhikkhu ahosi, kiñca tvaṁ karosi, kiṁ cāyaṁ bhikkhu karotī”ti?

    or an offense of wrong speech? Where were you? Where was this monk? What were you doing? What was this monk doing?”

  158. 158

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  159. 159

    “नna खोkho अहं,a·haṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi अपिa·pi चca सुतेनsu·te·na पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेमी”ति,ṭha·pe·mī सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    “na kho ahaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno diṭṭhena pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapemi, api ca sutena pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapemī”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “I didn’t cancel this monk’s invitation because of what I’ve seen, but because of what I’ve heard,” he should be asked,

  160. 160

    “यंyaṃ खोkho त्वं,tvaṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no सुतेनsu·te·na पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si किंkiṃ तेte सुतं,su·taṃ किन्तिkin·ti तेte सुतं,su·taṃ कदाka·dā तेte सुतं,su·taṃ कत्थkat·tha तेte सुतं,su·taṃ पाराजिकंpā·rā·ji·kaṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti सुतं,su·taṃ सङ्घादिसेसंsaṅ·ghā·di·se·saṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti सुतं,su·taṃ थुल्लच्चयंthul·lac·ca·yaṃ …

    “yaṁ kho tvaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno sutena pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapesi, kiṁ te sutaṁ, kinti te sutaṁ, kadā te sutaṁ, kattha te sutaṁ, pārājikaṁ ajjhāpannoti sutaṁ, saṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpannoti sutaṁ, thullaccayaṁ …

    “Since you’re canceling this monk’s invitation because of what you’ve heard, what have you heard? How did you hear it? When did you hear it? Where did you hear it? Did you hear that he has committed an offense entailing expulsion? Did you hear that he has committed an offense entailing suspension? Did you hear that he has committed a serious offense,

  161. 161

    पाचित्तियंpā·cit·ti·yaṃ …

    pācittiyaṁ …

    an offense entailing confession,

  162. 162

    पाटिदेसनीयंpā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yaṃ …

    pāṭidesanīyaṁ …

    an offense entailing acknowledgment,

  163. 163

    दुक्कटंduk·ka·ṭaṃ …

    dukkaṭaṁ …

    an offense of wrong conduct,

  164. 164

    दुब्भासितंdub·bhā·si·taṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti सुतं,su·taṃ भिक्खुस्सbhik·khus·sa सुतं,su·taṃ भिक्खुनियाbhik·khu·ni·yā सुतं,su·taṃ सिक्खमानायsik·kha·mā·nā·ya सुतं,su·taṃ सामणेरस्सsā·ma·ṇe·ras·sa सुतं,su·taṃ सामणेरियाsā·ma·ṇe·ri·yā सुतं,su·taṃ उपासकस्सu·pā·sa·kas·sa सुतं,su·taṃ उपासिकायu·pā·si·kā·ya सुतं,su·taṃ राजूनंrā·jū·naṃ सुतं,su·taṃ राजमहामत्तानंrā·ja·ma·hā·mat·tā·naṃ सुतं,su·taṃ तित्थियानंtit·thi·yā·naṃ सुतं,su·taṃ तित्थियसावकानंtit·thi·ya·sā·va·kā·naṃ सुतन्”ति?su·tan

    dubbhāsitaṁ ajjhāpannoti sutaṁ, bhikkhussa sutaṁ, bhikkhuniyā sutaṁ, sikkhamānāya sutaṁ, sāmaṇerassa sutaṁ, sāmaṇeriyā sutaṁ, upāsakassa sutaṁ, upāsikāya sutaṁ, rājūnaṁ sutaṁ, rājamahāmattānaṁ sutaṁ, titthiyānaṁ sutaṁ, titthiyasāvakānaṁ sutan”ti?

    or an offense of wrong speech? Did you hear it from a monk, a nun, a trainee nun, a novice monk, a novice nun, a male lay follower, or a female lay follower? Or did you hear it from kings, a king’s officials, the monastics of another religion, or the lay followers of another religion?”

  165. 165

    सोso चेce एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य—va·dey·ya

    So ce evaṁ vadeyya—

    If he says,

  166. 166

    “नna खोkho अहं,a·haṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no सुतेनsu·te·na पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेमि,ṭha·pe·mi अपिa·pi चca परिसङ्कायpa·ri·saṅ·kā·ya पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेमी”ति,ṭha·pe·mī सोso एवमस्सe·va·mas·sa वचनीयो—va·ca·nī·yo

    “na kho ahaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno sutena pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapemi, api ca parisaṅkāya pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapemī”ti, so evamassa vacanīyo—

    “I didn’t cancel this monk’s invitation because of what I’ve heard, but because of what I suspect,” he should be asked,

  167. 167

    “यंyaṃ खोkho त्वं,tvaṃ आवुसो,ā·vu·so इमस्सi·mas·sa भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no परिसङ्कायpa·ri·saṅ·kā·ya पवारणंpa·vā·ra·ṇaṃ ठपेसि,ṭha·pe·si किंkiṃ परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si किन्तिkin·ti परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si कदाka·dā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si कत्थkat·tha परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si पाराजिकंpā·rā·ji·kaṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si सङ्घादिसेसंsaṅ·ghā·di·se·saṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si थुल्लच्चयंthul·lac·ca·yaṃ …

    “yaṁ kho tvaṁ, āvuso, imassa bhikkhuno parisaṅkāya pavāraṇaṁ ṭhapesi, kiṁ parisaṅkasi, kinti parisaṅkasi, kadā parisaṅkasi, kattha parisaṅkasi, pārājikaṁ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, saṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, thullaccayaṁ …

    “Since you’re canceling this monk’s invitation because of suspicion, what do you suspect? How do you suspect it? When did you suspect it? Where did you suspect it? Do you suspect that he has committed an offense entailing expulsion? Do you suspect that he has committed an offense entailing suspension? Do you suspect that he has committed a serious offense,

  168. 168

    पाचित्तियंpā·cit·ti·yaṃ …

    pācittiyaṁ …

    an offense entailing confession,

  169. 169

    पाटिदेसनीयंpā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yaṃ …

    pāṭidesanīyaṁ …

    an offense entailing acknowledgment,

  170. 170

    दुक्कटंduk·ka·ṭaṃ …

    dukkaṭaṁ …

    an offense of wrong conduct,

  171. 171

    दुब्भासितंdub·bhā·si·taṃ अज्झापन्नोतिaj·jhā·pan·no·ti परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si भिक्खुस्सbhik·khus·sa सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si भिक्खुनियाbhik·khu·ni·yā सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si सिक्खमानायsik·kha·mā·nā·ya सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si सामणेरस्सsā·ma·ṇe·ras·sa सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si सामणेरियाsā·ma·ṇe·ri·yā सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si उपासकस्सu·pā·sa·kas·sa सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si उपासिकायu·pā·si·kā·ya सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si राजूनंrā·jū·naṃ सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si राजमहामत्तानंrā·ja·ma·hā·mat·tā·naṃ सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si तित्थियानंtit·thi·yā·naṃ सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसि,pa·ri·saṅ·ka·si तित्थियसावकानंtit·thi·ya·sā·va·kā·naṃ सुत्वाsut·vā परिसङ्कसी”ति?pa·ri·saṅ·ka·sī

    dubbhāsitaṁ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, bhikkhussa sutvā parisaṅkasi, bhikkhuniyā sutvā parisaṅkasi, sikkhamānāya sutvā parisaṅkasi, sāmaṇerassa sutvā parisaṅkasi, sāmaṇeriyā sutvā parisaṅkasi, upāsakassa sutvā parisaṅkasi, upāsikāya sutvā parisaṅkasi, rājūnaṁ sutvā parisaṅkasi, rājamahāmattānaṁ sutvā parisaṅkasi, titthiyānaṁ sutvā parisaṅkasi, titthiyasāvakānaṁ sutvā parisaṅkasī”ti?

    or an offense of wrong speech? Do you suspect it after hearing about it from a monk, a nun, a trainee nun, a novice monk, a novice nun, a male lay follower, or a female lay follower? Or do you suspect it after hearing about it from kings, a king’s officials, the monastics of another religion, or the lay followers of another religion?”

  172. 172

    दिट्ठंdiṭ·ṭhaṃ दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na समेति,sa·me·ti

    Diṭṭhaṁ diṭṭhena sameti,

    “If what he saw agrees with what he says he saw,

  173. 173

    दिट्ठेनdiṭ·ṭhe·na संसन्दतेsaṃ·san·da·te दिट्ठं;diṭ·ṭhaṃ

    diṭṭhena saṁsandate diṭṭhaṁ;

    If they correspond with each other,

  174. 174

    दिट्ठंdiṭ·ṭhaṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca नna उपेति,u·pe·ti

    Diṭṭhaṁ paṭicca na upeti,

    But what was seen isn’t adequate <j>to prove the accusation,

  175. 175

    असुद्धपरिसङ्कितो;a·sud·dha·pa·ri·saṅ·ki·to

    asuddhaparisaṅkito;

    Then the one suspecting impurity

  176. 176

    सोso पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo पटिञ्ञाय,pa·ṭiñ·ñā·ya

    So puggalo paṭiññāya,

    Should admit it,

  177. 177

    कातब्बाkā·tab·bā तेनte·na पवारणा।pa·vā·ra·ṇā

    kātabbā tena pavāraṇā.

    And they should then do <j>the invitation ceremony with him.

  178. 178

    सुतंsu·taṃ सुतेनsu·te·na समेति,sa·me·ti

    Sutaṁ sutena sameti,

    If what he heard agrees with what he says he heard,

  179. 179

    सुतेनsu·te·na संसन्दतेsaṃ·san·da·te सुतं;su·taṃ

    sutena saṁsandate sutaṁ;

    If they correspond with each other,

  180. 180

    सुतंsu·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca नna उपेति,u·pe·ti

    Sutaṁ paṭicca na upeti,

    But what was heard isn’t adequate <j>to prove the accusation,

  181. 181

    असुद्धपरिसङ्कितो;a·sud·dha·pa·ri·saṅ·ki·to

    asuddhaparisaṅkito;

    Then the one suspecting impurity

  182. 182

    सोso पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo पटिञ्ञाय,pa·ṭiñ·ñā·ya

    So puggalo paṭiññāya,

    Should admit it,

  183. 183

    कातब्बाkā·tab·bā तेनte·na पवारणा।pa·vā·ra·ṇā

    kātabbā tena pavāraṇā.

    And they should then do <j>the invitation ceremony with him.

  184. 184

    मुतंmu·taṃ मुतेनmu·te·na समेति,sa·me·ti

    Mutaṁ mutena sameti,

    If what he sensed agrees with what he says he sensed,

  185. 185

    मुतेनmu·te·na संसन्दतेsaṃ·san·da·te मुतं;mu·taṃ

    Mutena saṁsandate mutaṁ;

    If they correspond with each other,

  186. 186

    मुतंmu·taṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca नna उपेति,u·pe·ti

    Mutaṁ paṭicca na upeti,

    But what was sensed isn’t adequate <j>to prove the accusation,

  187. 187

    असुद्धपरिसङ्कितो;a·sud·dha·pa·ri·saṅ·ki·to

    Asuddhaparisaṅkito;

    Then the one suspecting impurity

  188. 188

    सोso पुग्गलोpug·ga·lo पटिञ्ञाय,pa·ṭiñ·ñā·ya

    So puggalo paṭiññāya,

    Should admit it,

  189. 189

    कातब्बाkā·tab·bā तेनte·na पवारणाति।pa·vā·ra·ṇā·ti

    Kātabbā tena pavāraṇāti.

    And they should then do <j>the invitation ceremony with him.”

  190. 190

    7। पुच्छाविभागpuc·chā·vi·bhā·ga

    7. Pucchāvibhāga

    7. The details of asking

  191. 191

    किंkiṃ तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti कतमाka·ta·mā पुच्छा?puc·chā

    Kiṁ te diṭṭhanti katamā pucchā?

    “What are the questions in regard to ‘What have you seen?’

  192. 192

    किन्तिkin·ti तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti कतमाka·ta·mā पुच्छा?puc·chā

    Kinti te diṭṭhanti katamā pucchā?

    What are the questions in regard to ‘How did you see it?’

  193. 193

    कदाka·dā तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti कतमाka·ta·mā पुच्छा?puc·chā

    Kadā te diṭṭhanti katamā pucchā?

    What are the questions in regard to ‘When did you see it?’

  194. 194

    कत्थkat·tha तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti कतमाka·ta·mā पुच्छा?puc·chā

    Kattha te diṭṭhanti katamā pucchā?

    What are the questions in regard to ‘Where did you see it?’

  195. 195

    किंkiṃ तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti

    Kiṁ te diṭṭhanti

    In regard to ‘What have you seen?’

  196. 196
  197. 197

    वत्थुपुच्छाति—vat·thu·puc·chā·ti

    Vatthupucchāti—

    ‘Questions on the actions that are the bases for offenses’:

  198. 198

    अट्ठपाराजिकानंaṭ·ṭha·pā·rā·ji·kā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā तेवीससङ्घादिसेसानंte·vī·sa·saṅ·ghā·di·se·sā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā द्वेअनियतानंdve·a·ni·ya·tā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā द्वेचत्तारीसनिस्सग्गियानंdve·cat·tā·rī·sa·nis·sag·gi·yā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā अट्ठासीतिसतपाचित्तियानंaṭ·ṭhā·sī·ti·sa·ta·pā·cit·ti·yā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā द्वादसपाटिदेसनीयानंdvā·da·sa·pā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā दुक्कटानंduk·ka·ṭā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा,vat·thu·puc·chā दुब्भासितानंdub·bhā·si·tā·naṃ वत्थुपुच्छा।vat·thu·puc·chā

    aṭṭhapārājikānaṁ vatthupucchā, tevīsasaṅghādisesānaṁ vatthupucchā, dveaniyatānaṁ vatthupucchā, dvecattārīsanissaggiyānaṁ vatthupucchā, aṭṭhāsītisatapācittiyānaṁ vatthupucchā, dvādasapāṭidesanīyānaṁ vatthupucchā, dukkaṭānaṁ vatthupucchā, dubbhāsitānaṁ vatthupucchā.

    there are questions on the actions that are the bases for the eight offenses entailing expulsion, on the actions that are the bases for the twenty-three offenses entailing suspension, for the two undetermined offenses, for the forty-two offenses entailing relinquishment, for the one hundred and eighty-eight offenses entailing confession, for the twelve offenses entailing acknowledgment, for the offenses of wrong conduct, and for the offenses of wrong speech.

  199. 199

    विपत्तिपुच्छाति—vi·pat·ti·puc·chā·ti

    Vipattipucchāti—

    ‘Questions on failure’:

  200. 200

    सीलविपत्तिपुच्छा,sī·la·vi·pat·ti·puc·chā आचारविपत्तिपुच्छा,ā·cā·ra·vi·pat·ti·puc·chā दिट्ठिविपत्तिपुच्छा,diṭ·ṭhi·vi·pat·ti·puc·chā आजीवविपत्तिपुच्छा।ā·jī·va·vi·pat·ti·puc·chā

    sīlavipattipucchā, ācāravipattipucchā, diṭṭhivipattipucchā, ājīvavipattipucchā.

    there are questions on failure in morality, on failure in conduct, on failure in view, and on failure in livelihood.

  201. 201

    आपत्तिपुच्छाति—ā·pat·ti·puc·chā·ti

    Āpattipucchāti—

    ‘Questions on the offenses’:

  202. 202

    पाराजिकापत्तिपुच्छा,pā·rā·ji·kā·pat·ti·puc·chā सङ्घादिसेसापत्तिपुच्छा,saṅ·ghā·di·se·sā·pat·ti·puc·chā थुल्लच्चयापत्तिपुच्छा,thul·lac·ca·yā·pat·ti·puc·chā पाचित्तियापत्तिपुच्छा,pā·cit·ti·yā·pat·ti·puc·chā पाटिदेसनीयापत्तिपुच्छा,pā·ṭi·de·sa·nī·yā·pat·ti·puc·chā दुक्कटापत्तिपुच्छा,duk·ka·ṭā·pat·ti·puc·chā दुब्भासितापत्तिपुच्छा।dub·bhā·si·tā·pat·ti·puc·chā

    pārājikāpattipucchā, saṅghādisesāpattipucchā, thullaccayāpattipucchā, pācittiyāpattipucchā, pāṭidesanīyāpattipucchā, dukkaṭāpattipucchā, dubbhāsitāpattipucchā.

    there are questions on the offenses entailing expulsion, on the offenses entailing suspension, on the serious offenses, on the offenses entailing confession, on the offenses entailing acknowledgement, on the offenses of wrong conduct, and on the offenses of wrong speech.

  203. 203

    अज्झाचारपुच्छाति—aj·jhā·cā·ra·puc·chā·ti

    Ajjhācārapucchāti—

    ‘Questions on misconduct’:

  204. 204

    द्वयंद्वयसमापत्तिपुच्छा।dva·yaṃd·va·ya·sa·mā·pat·ti·puc·chā

    dvayaṁdvayasamāpattipucchā.

    there are questions on that which is done wherever there are couples.

  205. 205

    किन्तिkin·ti तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti

    Kinti te diṭṭhanti

    In regard to ‘How did you see it?’

  206. 206

    लिङ्गपुच्छा,liṅ·ga·puc·chā इरियापथपुच्छा,i·ri·yā·pa·tha·puc·chā आकारपुच्छा,ā·kā·ra·puc·chā विप्पकारपुच्छा।vip·pa·kā·ra·puc·chā

    liṅgapucchā, iriyāpathapucchā, ākārapucchā, vippakārapucchā.

    there are questions on characteristics, postures, attributes, and modes.

  207. 207

    लिङ्गपुच्छाति—दीघंliṅ·ga·puc·chā·ti वाvā रस्संras·saṃ वाvā कण्हंkaṇ·haṃ वाvā ओदातंo·dā·taṃ वा।vā

    Liṅgapucchāti—dīghaṁ vā rassaṁ vā kaṇhaṁ vā odātaṁ vā.

    ‘Questions on characteristics’: tall, short, dark-skinned, or light-skinned.

  208. 208

    इरियापथपुच्छातिi·ri·yā·pa·tha·puc·chā·ti गच्छन्तंgac·chan·taṃ वाvā ठितंṭhi·taṃ वाvā निसिन्नंni·sin·naṃ वाvā निपन्नंni·pan·naṃ वा।vā

    Iriyāpathapucchāti gacchantaṁ vā ṭhitaṁ vā nisinnaṁ vā nipannaṁ vā.

    ‘Questions on postures’: walking, standing, sitting, or lying down.

  209. 209

    आकारपुच्छातिā·kā·ra·puc·chā·ti गिहिलिङ्गेgi·hi·liṅ·ge वाvā तित्थियलिङ्गेtit·thi·ya·liṅ·ge वाvā पब्बजितलिङ्गेpab·ba·ji·ta·liṅ·ge वा।vā

    Ākārapucchāti gihiliṅge vā titthiyaliṅge vā pabbajitaliṅge vā.

    ‘Questions on attributes’: the characteristics of a householder, of a monastic of another religion, or of one gone forth.

  210. 210

    विप्पकारपुच्छातिvip·pa·kā·ra·puc·chā·ti गच्छन्तंgac·chan·taṃ वाvā ठितंṭhi·taṃ वाvā निसिन्नंni·sin·naṃ वाvā निपन्नंni·pan·naṃ वा।vā

    Vippakārapucchāti gacchantaṁ vā ṭhitaṁ vā nisinnaṁ vā nipannaṁ vā.

    ‘Questions on modes’: walking, standing, sitting, or lying down.

  211. 211

    कदाka·dā तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti

    Kadā te diṭṭhanti

    In regard to ‘When did you see it?’

  212. 212

    कालपुच्छा,kā·la·puc·chā समयपुच्छा,sa·ma·ya·puc·chā दिवसपुच्छा,di·va·sa·puc·chā उतुपुच्छा।u·tu·puc·chā

    kālapucchā, samayapucchā, divasapucchā, utupucchā.

    there are questions on time, on occasion, on day, and on season.

  213. 213

    कालपुच्छातिkā·la·puc·chā·ti पुब्बण्हकालेpub·baṇ·ha·kā·le वाvā मज्झन्हिककालेmaj·jhan·hi·ka·kā·le वाvā सायन्हकालेsā·yan·ha·kā·le वा।vā

    Kālapucchāti pubbaṇhakāle vā majjhanhikakāle vā sāyanhakāle vā.

    ‘Questions on time’: in the morning, at midday, or in the evening.

  214. 214

    समयपुच्छातिsa·ma·ya·puc·chā·ti पुब्बण्हसमयेpub·baṇ·ha·sa·ma·ye वाvā मज्झन्हिकसमयेmaj·jhan·hi·ka·sa·ma·ye वाvā सायन्हसमयेsā·yan·ha·sa·ma·ye वा।vā

    Samayapucchāti pubbaṇhasamaye vā majjhanhikasamaye vā sāyanhasamaye vā.

    ‘Questions on occasion’: in the morning, at midday, or in the evening.

  215. 215

    दिवसपुच्छातिdi·va·sa·puc·chā·ti पुरेभत्तंpu·re·bhat·taṃ वाvā पच्छाभत्तंpac·chā·bhat·taṃ वाvā रत्तिंrat·tiṃ वाvā दिवाdi·vā वाvā काळेkā·ḷe वाvā जुण्हेjuṇ·he वा।vā

    Divasapucchāti purebhattaṁ vā pacchābhattaṁ vā rattiṁ vā divā vā kāḷe vā juṇhe vā.

    ‘Questions on day’: before the meal, after the meal, at night, by day, during the waning moon, or during the waxing moon.

  216. 216

    उतुपुच्छातिu·tu·puc·chā·ti हेमन्तेhe·man·te वाvā गिम्हेgim·he वाvā वस्सेvas·se वा।vā

    Utupucchāti hemante vā gimhe vā vasse vā.

    ‘Questions on season’: in winter, in summer, or during the rainy season.

  217. 217

    कत्थkat·tha तेte दिट्ठन्तिdiṭ·ṭhan·ti

    Kattha te diṭṭhanti

    In regard to ‘Where did you see it?’

  218. 218

    ठानपुच्छा,ṭhā·na·puc·chā भूमिपुच्छा,bhū·mi·puc·chā ओकासपुच्छा,o·kā·sa·puc·chā पदेसपुच्छा।pa·de·sa·puc·chā

    ṭhānapucchā, bhūmipucchā, okāsapucchā, padesapucchā.

    there are questions about place, about elevation, about location, and about region.

  219. 219

    ठानपुच्छातिṭhā·na·puc·chā·ti भूमियाbhū·mi·yā वाvā पथवियाpa·tha·vi·yā वाvā धरणियाdha·ra·ṇi·yā वाvā जगतियाja·ga·ti·yā वा।vā

    Ṭhānapucchāti bhūmiyā vā pathaviyā vā dharaṇiyā vā jagatiyā vā.

    ‘Questions about place’: in the ground, on the earth, on the planet, or in the world.

  220. 220

    भूमिपुच्छातिbhū·mi·puc·chā·ti भूमियाbhū·mi·yā वाvā पथवियाpa·tha·vi·yā वाvā पब्बतेpab·ba·te वाvā पासाणेpā·sā·ṇe वाvā पासादेpā·sā·de वा।vā

    Bhūmipucchāti bhūmiyā vā pathaviyā vā pabbate vā pāsāṇe vā pāsāde vā.

    ‘Questions about elevation’: in the ground, on the the earth, on a mountain, on a rock, or in a stilt house.

  221. 221

    ओकासपुच्छातिo·kā·sa·puc·chā·ti पुरत्थिमेpu·rat·thi·me वाvā ओकासेo·kā·se पच्छिमेpac·chi·me वाvā ओकासेo·kā·se उत्तरेut·ta·re वाvā ओकासेo·kā·se दक्खिणेdak·khi·ṇe वाvā ओकासे।o·kā·se

    Okāsapucchāti puratthime vā okāse pacchime vā okāse uttare vā okāse dakkhiṇe vā okāse.

    ‘Questions about location’: to the east, to the west, to the north, or to the south.

  222. 222

    पदेसपुच्छातिpa·de·sa·puc·chā·ti पुरत्थिमेpu·rat·thi·me वाvā पदेसेpa·de·se पच्छिमेpac·chi·me वाvā पदेसेpa·de·se उत्तरेut·ta·re वाvā पदेसेpa·de·se दक्खिणेdak·khi·ṇe वाvā पदेसेति।pa·de·se·ti

    Padesapucchāti puratthime vā padese pacchime vā padese uttare vā padese dakkhiṇe vā padeseti.

    ‘Questions about region’: to the east, to the west, to the north, or to the south.”

  223. 223

    महासङ्गामंma·hā·saṅ·gā·maṃ निट्ठितं।niṭ·ṭhi·taṃ

    Mahāsaṅgāmaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.

    The great chapter on the resolution of conflicts is finished.

  224. 224

    तस्सुद्दानंtas·sud·dā·naṃ

    Tassuddānaṁ

    This is the summary:

  225. 225

    वत्थुvat·thu निदानंni·dā·naṃ आकारो,ā·kā·ro

    Vatthu nidānaṁ ākāro,

    “Basis for an offense, origin story, attribute,

  226. 226

    पुब्बापरंpub·bā·pa·raṃ कताकतं;ka·tā·ka·taṃ

    pubbāparaṁ katākataṁ;

    The right order, what has and has not been done;

  227. 227

    कम्माधिकरणञ्चेव,kam·mā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇañ·ce·va

    Kammādhikaraṇañceva,

    Legal procedure and legal issue,

  228. 228

    समथोsa·ma·tho छन्दगामिchan·da·gā·mi च।ca

    samatho chandagāmi ca.

    Settling, and biased by favoritism.

  229. 229

    दोसाdo·sā मोहाmo·hā भयाbha·yā चेव,ce·va

    Dosā mohā bhayā ceva,

    By ill will, confusion, and fear,

  230. 230

    सञ्ञाsañ·ñā निज्झापनेनnij·jhā·pa·ne·na च;ca

    saññā nijjhāpanena ca;

    Persuasion, and by making understand;

  231. 231

    पेक्खाpek·khā पसादेpa·sā·de पक्खोम्हि,pak·khom·hi

    Pekkhā pasāde pakkhomhi,

    Looking on, inspiration, I have supporters,

  232. 232

    सुतथेरतरेनsu·ta·the·ra·ta·re·na च।ca

    sutatheratarena ca.

    Learned, and with more senior.

  233. 233

    असम्पत्तञ्चa·sam·pat·tañ·ca सम्पत्तं,sam·pat·taṃ

    Asampattañca sampattaṁ,

    And not reached, reached,

  234. 234

    धम्मेनdham·me·na विनयेनvi·na·ye·na च;ca

    dhammena vinayena ca;

    According to the Teaching, and the Monastic Law;

  235. 235

    सत्थुस्सsat·thus·sa सासनेनापि,sā·sa·ne·nā·pi

    Satthussa sāsanenāpi,

    Also according to the Teacher’s instruction—

  236. 236

    महासङ्गामञापनाति।ma·hā·saṅ·gā·ma·ñā·pa·nā·ti

    mahāsaṅgāmañāpanāti.

    The explanation in the great chapter on the resolution of conflicts.”

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.