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Middle Discourses 99 मज्झिमनिकाय 99

Chapter: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152

Subhasutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

Verse: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270 · Hide pronunciation

1. 1

   मज्झिमmaj·jhi·ma निकायni·kā·ya 99

   Majjhima Nikāya 99

   Middle Discourses 99

2. 2

   सुभसुत्तsu·bha·sut·ta

   Subhasutta

   With Subha

3. 3

   एवंe·vaṃ मेme सुतं—su·taṃ

   Evaṁ me sutaṁ—

   So I have heard.

4. 4

   एकंe·kaṃ समयंsa·ma·yaṃ भगवाbha·ga·vā सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti जेतवनेje·ta·va·ne अनाथपिण्डिकस्सa·nā·tha·piṇ·ḍi·kas·sa आरामे।ā·rā·me

   ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

   At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.

5. 5

   तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ पटिवसतिpa·ṭi·va·sa·ti अञ्ञतरस्सañ·ña·ta·ras·sa गहपतिस्सga·ha·pa·tis·sa निवेसनेni·ve·sa·ne केनचिदेवke·na·ci·de·va करणीयेन।ka·ra·ṇī·ye·na

   Tena kho pana samayena subho māṇavo todeyyaputto sāvatthiyaṁ paṭivasati aññatarassa gahapatissa nivesane kenacideva karaṇīyena.

   Now at that time the student Subha, Todeyya’s son, was residing in Sāvatthī at a certain householder’s home on some business.

6. 6

   अथa·tha खोkho सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to यस्सyas·sa गहपतिस्सga·ha·pa·tis·sa निवेसनेni·ve·sa·ne पटिवसतिpa·ṭi·va·sa·ti तंtaṃ गहपतिंga·ha·pa·tiṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

   Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto yassa gahapatissa nivesane paṭivasati taṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca:

   Then Subha said to that householder,

7. 7

   “सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ गहपति:ga·ha·pa·ti

   “sutaṁ metaṁ, gahapati:

   “Householder, I have heard that

8. 8

   ‘अविवित्ताa·vi·vit·tā सावत्थीsā·vat·thī अरहन्तेही’ति।a·ra·han·te·hī

   ‘avivittā sāvatthī arahantehī’ti.

   Sāvatthī does not lack for perfected ones.

9. 9

   कंkaṃ नुnu ख्वज्जkhvaj·ja समणंsa·ma·ṇaṃ वाvā ब्राह्मणंbrāh·ma·ṇaṃ वाvā पयिरुपासेय्यामा”ति?pa·yi·ru·pā·sey·yā·mā

   Kaṁ nu khvajja samaṇaṁ vā brāhmaṇaṁ vā payirupāseyyāmā”ti?

   What ascetic or brahmin might we pay homage to today?”

10. 10

    “अयं,a·yaṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवाbha·ga·vā सावत्थियंsā·vat·thi·yaṃ विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti जेतवनेje·ta·va·ne अनाथपिण्डिकस्सa·nā·tha·piṇ·ḍi·kas·sa आरामे।ā·rā·me

    “Ayaṁ, bhante, bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

    “Sir, the Buddha is staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.

11. 11

    तं,taṃ भन्ते,bhan·te भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ पयिरुपासस्सू”ति।pa·yi·ru·pā·sas·sū

    Taṁ, bhante, bhagavantaṁ payirupāsassū”ti.

    You can pay homage to him.”

12. 12

    अथa·tha खोkho सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to तस्सtas·sa गहपतिस्सga·ha·pa·tis·sa पटिस्सुत्वाpa·ṭis·sut·vā येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनुपसङ्कमि;te·nu·pa·saṅ·ka·mi उपसङ्कमित्वाu·pa·saṅ·ka·mit·vā भगवताbha·ga·va·tā सद्धिंsad·dhiṃ सम्मोदि।sam·mo·di

    Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto tassa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.

    Acknowledging that householder, Subha went to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him.

13. 13

    सम्मोदनीयंsam·mo·da·nī·yaṃ कथंka·thaṃ सारणीयंsā·ra·ṇī·yaṃ वीतिसारेत्वाvī·ti·sā·ret·vā एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसीदि।ni·sī·di एकमन्तंe·ka·man·taṃ निसिन्नोni·sin·no खोkho सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

    Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

    When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha:

14. 14

    “ब्राह्मणा,brāh·ma·ṇā भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma एवमाहंसु:e·va·mā·haṃ·su

    “brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, evamāhaṁsu:

    “Worthy Gotama, the brahmins say:

15. 15

    ‘गहट्ठोga·haṭ·ṭho आराधकोā·rā·dha·ko होतिho·ti ञायंñā·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ कुसलं,ku·sa·laṃ नna पब्बजितोpab·ba·ji·to आराधकोā·rā·dha·ko होतिho·ti ञायंñā·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ कुसलन्’ति।ku·sa·lan

    ‘gahaṭṭho ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ, na pabbajito ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan’ti.

    ‘Laypeople succeed in the system of the skillful teaching, not renunciates.’

16. 16

    इधi·dha भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo किमाहा”ति?ki·mā·hā

    Idha bhavaṁ gotamo kimāhā”ti?

    What do you say about this?”

17. 17

    “विभज्जवादोvi·bhaj·ja·vā·do खोkho अहमेत्थ,a·ha·met·tha माणव;mā·ṇa·va

    “Vibhajjavādo kho ahamettha, māṇava;

    “On this point, student, I speak after analyzing the question,

18. 18

    नाहमेत्थnā·ha·met·tha एकंसवादो।e·kaṃ·sa·vā·do

    nāhamettha ekaṁsavādo.

    not one-sidedly.

19. 19

    गिहिस्सgi·his·sa वाहं,vā·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बजितस्सpab·ba·ji·tas·sa वाvā मिच्छापटिपत्तिंmic·chā·pa·ṭi·pat·tiṃ नna वण्णेमि।vaṇ·ṇe·mi

    Gihissa vāhaṁ, māṇava, pabbajitassa vā micchāpaṭipattiṁ na vaṇṇemi.

    I don’t praise wrong practice for either laypeople or renunciates.

20. 20

    गिहीgi·hī वाvā हि,hi माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बजितोpab·ba·ji·to वाvā मिच्छापटिपन्नोmic·chā·pa·ṭi·pan·no मिच्छापटिपत्ताधिकरणहेतुmic·chā·pa·ṭi·pat·tā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇa·he·tu नna आराधकोā·rā·dha·ko होतिho·ti ञायंñā·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ कुसलं।ku·sa·laṃ

    Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu na ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.

    Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.

21. 21

    गिहिस्सgi·his·sa वाहं,vā·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बजितस्सpab·ba·ji·tas·sa वाvā सम्मापटिपत्तिंsam·mā·pa·ṭi·pat·tiṃ वण्णेमि।vaṇ·ṇe·mi

    Gihissa vāhaṁ, māṇava, pabbajitassa vā sammāpaṭipattiṁ vaṇṇemi.

    I praise right practice for both laypeople and renunciates.

22. 22

    गिहीgi·hī वाvā हि,hi माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बजितोpab·ba·ji·to वाvā सम्मापटिपन्नोsam·mā·pa·ṭi·pan·no सम्मापटिपत्ताधिकरणहेतुsam·mā·pa·ṭi·pat·tā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇa·he·tu आराधकोā·rā·dha·ko होतिho·ti ञायंñā·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ कुसलन्”ति।ku·sa·lan

    Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.

    Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.”

23. 23

    “ब्राह्मणा,brāh·ma·ṇā भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma एवमाहंसु:e·va·mā·haṃ·su

    “Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, evamāhaṁsu:

    “Worthy Gotama, the brahmins say:

24. 24

    ‘महट्ठमिदंma·haṭ·ṭha·mi·daṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ घरावासकम्मट्ठानंgha·rā·vā·sa·kam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    ‘mahaṭṭhamidaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti;

    ‘Since the work of the lay life has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings it is very fruitful.

25. 25

    अप्पट्ठमिदंap·paṭ·ṭha·mi·daṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ पब्बज्जाpab·baj·jā कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होती’ति।ho·tī

    appaṭṭhamidaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaphalaṁ hotī’ti.

    But since the work of the renunciate has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings it is not very fruitful.’

26. 26

    इधi·dha भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo किमाहा”ति।ki·mā·hā

    Idha bhavaṁ gotamo kimāhā”ti.

    What do you say about this?”

27. 27

    “एत्थापिet·thā·pi खोkho अहं,a·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va विभज्जवादो;vi·bhaj·ja·vā·do

    “Etthāpi kho ahaṁ, māṇava, vibhajjavādo;

    “On this point, too, I speak after analyzing the question,

28. 28

    नाहमेत्थnā·ha·met·tha एकंसवादो।e·kaṃ·sa·vā·do

    nāhamettha ekaṁsavādo.

    not one-sidedly.

29. 29

    अत्थि,at·thi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भं,ma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    Atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ, vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti;

    Some work has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful.

30. 30

    अत्थि,at·thi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भं,ma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ, sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti;

    Some work has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful.

31. 31

    अत्थि,at·thi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भं,ap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ, vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti;

    Some work has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful.

32. 32

    अत्थि,at·thi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti.

    Some work has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful.

33. 33

    कतमञ्च,ka·ta·mañ·ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति?ho·ti

    Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti?

    And what work has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful?

34. 34

    कसिka·si खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    Kasi kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti.

    Farming.

35. 35

    कतमञ्च,ka·ta·mañ·ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति?ho·ti

    Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti?

    And what work has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful?

36. 36

    कसियेवka·si·ye·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    Kasiyeva kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti.

    Again, it is farming.

37. 37

    कतमञ्च,ka·ta·mañ·ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति?ho·ti

    Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti?

    And what work has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful?

38. 38

    वणिज्जाva·ṇij·jā खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    Vaṇijjā kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti.

    Trade.

39. 39

    कतमञ्च,ka·ta·mañ·ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति?ho·ti

    Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti?

    And what work has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful?

40. 40

    वणिज्जायेवva·ṇij·jā·ye·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    Vaṇijjāyeva kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti.

    Again, it’s trade.

41. 41

    सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कसिka·si कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    Seyyathāpi, māṇava, kasi kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti;

    The lay life is like farming in that it’s work with many obligations and when it fails it’s not very fruitful;

42. 42

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va घरावासकम्मट्ठानंgha·rā·vā·sa·kam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    evameva kho, māṇava, gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti.

    (Pāli only)

43. 43

    सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va कसियेवka·si·ye·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    Seyyathāpi, māṇava, kasiyeva kammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti;

    but when it succeeds it is very fruitful.

44. 44

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va घरावासकम्मट्ठानंgha·rā·vā·sa·kam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ महट्ठंma·haṭ·ṭhaṃ महाकिच्चंma·hā·kic·caṃ महाधिकरणंma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ महासमारम्भंma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    evameva kho, māṇava, gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṁ mahaṭṭhaṁ mahākiccaṁ mahādhikaraṇaṁ mahāsamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti.

    (Pāli only)

45. 45

    सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va वणिज्जाva·ṇij·jā कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    Seyyathāpi, māṇava, vaṇijjā kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti;

    The renunciate life is like trade in that it’s work with few obligations and when it fails it’s not very fruitful;

46. 46

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बज्जाpab·baj·jā कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ विपज्जमानंvi·paj·ja·mā·naṃ अप्पफलंap·pa·pha·laṃ होति।ho·ti

    evameva kho, māṇava, pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ vipajjamānaṁ appaphalaṁ hoti.

    (Pāli only)

47. 47

    सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va वणिज्जायेवva·ṇij·jā·ye·va कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होति;ho·ti

    Seyyathāpi, māṇava, vaṇijjāyeva kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti;

    but when it succeeds it is very fruitful.”

48. 48

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पब्बज्जाpab·baj·jā कम्मट्ठानंkam·maṭ·ṭhā·naṃ अप्पट्ठंap·paṭ·ṭhaṃ अप्पकिच्चंap·pa·kic·caṃ अप्पाधिकरणंap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇaṃ अप्पसमारम्भंap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bhaṃ सम्पज्जमानंsam·paj·ja·mā·naṃ महप्फलंma·hap·pha·laṃ होती”ति।ho·tī

    evameva kho, māṇava, pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṁ appaṭṭhaṁ appakiccaṁ appādhikaraṇaṁ appasamārambhaṁ sampajjamānaṁ mahapphalaṁ hotī”ti.

    (Pāli only)

49. 49

    “ब्राह्मणा,brāh·ma·ṇā भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाया”ति।ā·rā·dha·nā·yā

    “Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti.

    “Worthy Gotama, the brahmins prescribe five things for making merit and succeeding in the skillful.”

50. 50

    “येye ते,te माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय—ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya—

    (Pāli only)

51. 51

    सचेsa·ce तेte अगरु—a·ga·ru

    sace te agaru—

    “If you don’t mind,

52. 52

    साधुsā·dhu तेte पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me इमस्मिंi·mas·miṃ परिसतिpa·ri·sa·ti भासस्सू”ति।bhā·sas·sū

    sādhu te pañca dhamme imasmiṁ parisati bhāsassū”ti.

    please explain these in this assembly.”

53. 53

    “नna खोkho मे,me भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma गरुga·ru यत्थस्सुyat·thas·su भवन्तोbha·van·to वाvā निसिन्नोni·sin·no भवन्तरूपोbha·van·ta·rū·po वा”ति।vā

    “Na kho me, bho gotama, garu yatthassu bhavanto vā nisinno bhavantarūpo vā”ti.

    “It’s no trouble when good fellows such as yourself are sitting here.”

54. 54

    “तेनte·na हि,hi माणव,mā·ṇa·va भासस्सू”ति।bhā·sas·sū

    “Tena hi, māṇava, bhāsassū”ti.

    “Well, speak then, student.”

55. 55

    “सच्चंsac·caṃ खो,kho भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय।ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    “Saccaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā paṭhamaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.

    “Worthy Gotama, truth is the first thing.

56. 56

    तपंta·paṃ खो,kho भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय।ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    Tapaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā dutiyaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.

    Fervor is the second thing.

57. 57

    ब्रह्मचरियंbrah·ma·ca·ri·yaṃ खो,kho भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā ततियंta·ti·yaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय।ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    Brahmacariyaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā tatiyaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.

    Chastity is the third thing.

58. 58

    अज्झेनंaj·jhe·naṃ खो,kho भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā चतुत्थंca·tut·thaṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय।ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    Ajjhenaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā catutthaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.

    Recitation is the fourth thing.

59. 59

    चागंcā·gaṃ खो,kho भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चमंpañ·ca·maṃ धम्मंdham·maṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय।ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

    Cāgaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañcamaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.

    Generosity is the fifth thing.

60. 60

    ब्राह्मणा,brāh·ma·ṇā भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma इमेi·me पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियाय,ki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनायाति।ā·rā·dha·nā·yā·ti

    Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, ime pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyāti.

    These are the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful.

61. 61

    इधi·dha भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo किमाहा”ति?ki·mā·hā

    Idha bhavaṁ gotamo kimāhā”ti?

    What do you say about this?”

62. 62

    “किंkiṃ पन,pa·na माणव,mā·ṇa·va अत्थिat·thi कोचिko·ci ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ एकब्राह्मणोपिe·kab·rāh·ma·ṇo·pi योyo एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

    “Kiṁ pana, māṇava, atthi koci brāhmaṇānaṁ ekabrāhmaṇopi yo evamāha:

    “Well, student, is there even a single one of the brahmins who says this:

63. 63

    ‘अहंa·haṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमी’”ति?pa·ve·de·mī

    ‘ahaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemī’”ti?

    ‘I declare the result of these five things after realizing it with my own insight’?”

64. 64

    “नोno हिदं,hi·daṃ भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

    “No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.

    “No, worthy Gotama.”

65. 65

    “किंkiṃ पन,pa·na माणव,mā·ṇa·va अत्थिat·thi कोचिko·ci ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ एकाचरियोपिe·kā·ca·ri·yo·pi एकाचरियपाचरियोपिe·kā·ca·ri·ya·pā·ca·ri·yo·pi यावyā·va सत्तमाsat·ta·mā आचरियमहयुगापिā·ca·ri·ya·ma·ha·yu·gā·pi योyo एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

    “Kiṁ pana, māṇava, atthi koci brāhmaṇānaṁ ekācariyopi ekācariyapācariyopi yāva sattamā ācariyamahayugāpi yo evamāha:

    “Well, is there even a single tutor of the brahmins, or a tutor’s tutor, or anyone back to the seventh generation of tutors, who says this:

66. 66

    ‘अहंa·haṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमी’”ति?pa·ve·de·mī

    ‘ahaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemī’”ti?

    ‘I declare the result of these five things after realizing it with my own insight’?”

67. 67

    “नोno हिदं,hi·daṃ भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

    “No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.

    “No, worthy Gotama.”

68. 68

    “किंkiṃ पन,pa·na माणव,mā·ṇa·va येपिye·pi तेte ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ पुब्बकाpub·ba·kā इसयोi·sa·yo मन्तानंman·tā·naṃ कत्तारोkat·tā·ro मन्तानंman·tā·naṃ पवत्तारोpa·vat·tā·ro येसमिदंye·sa·mi·daṃ एतरहिe·ta·ra·hi ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पोराणंpo·rā·ṇaṃ मन्तपदंman·ta·pa·daṃ गीतंgī·taṃ पवुत्तंpa·vut·taṃ समिहितंsa·mi·hi·taṃ तदनुगायन्तिta·da·nu·gā·yan·ti तदनुभासन्तिta·da·nu·bhā·san·ti भासितमनुभासन्तिbhā·si·ta·ma·nu·bhā·san·ti वाचितमनुवाचेन्ति,vā·ci·ta·ma·nu·vā·cen·ti सेय्यथिदं—अट्ठकोsey·ya·thi·daṃ वामकोvā·ma·ko वामदेवोvā·ma·de·vo वेस्सामित्तोves·sā·mit·to यमतग्गिya·ma·tag·gi अङ्गीरसोaṅ·gī·ra·so भारद्वाजोbhā·rad·vā·jo वासेट्ठोvā·seṭ·ṭho कस्सपोkas·sa·po भगु,bha·gu

    “Kiṁ pana, māṇava, yepi te brāhmaṇānaṁ pubbakā isayo mantānaṁ kattāro mantānaṁ pavattāro yesamidaṁ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ mantapadaṁ gītaṁ pavuttaṁ samihitaṁ tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṁ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu,

    “Well, what of the ancient seers of the brahmins, namely Aṭṭhaka, Vāmaka, Vāmadeva, Vessāmitta, Yamadaggi, Aṅgīrasa, Bhāradvāja, Vāseṭṭha, Kassapa, and Bhagu? They were the authors and propagators of the hymns. Their hymnal was sung and propagated and compiled in ancient times; and these days, brahmins continue to sing and chant it, chanting what was chanted and teaching what was taught.

69. 69

    तेपिte·pi एवमाहंसु:e·va·mā·haṃ·su

    tepi evamāhaṁsu:

    Did even they say:

70. 70

    ‘मयंma·yaṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमा’”ति?pa·ve·de·mā

    ‘mayaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemā’”ti?

    ‘We declare the result of these five things after realizing it with our own insight’?”

71. 71

    “नोno हिदं,hi·daṃ भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

    “No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.

    “No, worthy Gotama.”

72. 72

    “इतिi·ti किर,ki·ra माणव,mā·ṇa·va नत्थिnat·thi कोचिko·ci ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ एकब्राह्मणोपिe·kab·rāh·ma·ṇo·pi योyo एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

    “Iti kira, māṇava, natthi koci brāhmaṇānaṁ ekabrāhmaṇopi yo evamāha:

    “So, student, it seems that there is not a single one of the brahmins,

73. 73

    ‘अहंa·haṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमी’ति;pa·ve·de·mī

    ‘ahaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemī’ti;

    (Pāli only)

74. 74

    नत्थिnat·thi कोचिko·ci ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ एकाचरियोपिe·kā·ca·ri·yo·pi एकाचरियपाचरियोपिe·kā·ca·ri·ya·pā·ca·ri·yo·pi यावyā·va सत्तमाsat·ta·mā आचरियमहयुगापिā·ca·ri·ya·ma·ha·yu·gā·pi योyo एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

    natthi koci brāhmaṇānaṁ ekācariyopi ekācariyapācariyopi yāva sattamā ācariyamahayugāpi yo evamāha:

    not even anyone back to the seventh generation of tutors,

75. 75

    ‘अहंa·haṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमी’ति;pa·ve·de·mī

    ‘ahaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemī’ti;

    (Pāli only)

76. 76

    येपिye·pi तेte ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ पुब्बकाpub·ba·kā इसयोi·sa·yo मन्तानंman·tā·naṃ कत्तारोkat·tā·ro मन्तानंman·tā·naṃ पवत्तारो,pa·vat·tā·ro येसमिदंye·sa·mi·daṃ एतरहिe·ta·ra·hi ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पोराणंpo·rā·ṇaṃ मन्तपदंman·ta·pa·daṃ गीतंgī·taṃ पवुत्तंpa·vut·taṃ समिहितं,sa·mi·hi·taṃ तदनुगायन्तिta·da·nu·gā·yan·ti तदनुभासन्तिta·da·nu·bhā·san·ti भासितमनुभासन्तिbhā·si·ta·ma·nu·bhā·san·ti वाचितमनुवाचेन्ति,vā·ci·ta·ma·nu·vā·cen·ti सेय्यथिदं—अट्ठकोsey·ya·thi·daṃ वामकोvā·ma·ko वामदेवोvā·ma·de·vo वेस्सामित्तोves·sā·mit·to यमतग्गिya·ma·tag·gi अङ्गीरसोaṅ·gī·ra·so भारद्वाजोbhā·rad·vā·jo वासेट्ठोvā·seṭ·ṭho कस्सपोkas·sa·po भगु।bha·gu

    yepi te brāhmaṇānaṁ pubbakā isayo mantānaṁ kattāro mantānaṁ pavattāro, yesamidaṁ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ mantapadaṁ gītaṁ pavuttaṁ samihitaṁ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṁ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu.

    nor even the ancient seers of the brahmins

77. 77

    तेपिte·pi नna एवमाहंसु:e·va·mā·haṃ·su

    Tepi na evamāhaṁsu:

    who says:

78. 78

    ‘मयंma·yaṃ इमेसंi·me·saṃ पञ्चन्नंpañ·can·naṃ धम्मानंdham·mā·naṃ सयंsa·yaṃ अभिञ्ञाa·bhiñ·ñā सच्छिकत्वाsac·chi·kat·vā विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पवेदेमा’ति।pa·ve·de·mā

    ‘mayaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ dhammānaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṁ pavedemā’ti.

    ‘We declare the result of these five things after realizing it with our own insight.’

79. 79

    सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va अन्धवेणिan·dha·ve·ṇi परम्परासंसत्ताpa·ram·pa·rā·saṃ·sat·tā पुरिमोपिpu·ri·mo·pi नna पस्सतिpas·sa·ti मज्झिमोपिmaj·jhi·mo·pi नna पस्सतिpas·sa·ti पच्छिमोपिpac·chi·mo·pi नna पस्सति;pas·sa·ti

    Seyyathāpi, māṇava, andhaveṇi paramparāsaṁsattā purimopi na passati majjhimopi na passati pacchimopi na passati;

    Suppose there was a queue of blind men, each holding the one in front: the first one does not see, the middle one does not see, and the last one does not see.

80. 80

    एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va अन्धवेणूपमंan·dha·ve·ṇū·pa·maṃ मञ्ञेmañ·ñe ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ भासितंbhā·si·taṃ सम्पज्जति—पुरिमोपिsam·paj·ja·ti नna पस्सतिpas·sa·ti मज्झिमोपिmaj·jhi·mo·pi नna पस्सतिpas·sa·ti पच्छिमोपिpac·chi·mo·pi नna पस्सती”ति।pas·sa·tī

    evameva kho, māṇava, andhaveṇūpamaṁ maññe brāhmaṇānaṁ bhāsitaṁ sampajjati—purimopi na passati majjhimopi na passati pacchimopi na passatī”ti.

    In the same way, it seems to me that the brahmins’ statement turns out to be comparable to a queue of blind men: the first one does not see, the middle one does not see, and the last one does not see.”

81. 81

    एवंe·vaṃ वुत्ते,vut·te सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवताbha·ga·va·tā अन्धवेणूपमेनan·dha·ve·ṇū·pa·me·na वुच्चमानोvuc·ca·mā·no कुपितोku·pi·to अनत्तमनोa·nat·ta·ma·no भगवन्तंयेवbha·ga·van·taṃ·ye·va खुंसेन्तोkhuṃ·sen·to भगवन्तंयेवbha·ga·van·taṃ·ye·va वम्भेन्तोvam·bhen·to भगवन्तंयेवbha·ga·van·taṃ·ye·va वदमानो:va·da·mā·no

    Evaṁ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavatā andhaveṇūpamena vuccamāno kupito anattamano bhagavantaṁyeva khuṁsento bhagavantaṁyeva vambhento bhagavantaṁyeva vadamāno:

    When he said this, Subha became angry and upset with the Buddha because of the simile of the queue of blind men. He even attacked and badmouthed the Buddha himself, saying,

82. 82

    “समणोsa·ma·ṇo गोतमोgo·ta·mo पापितोpā·pi·to भविस्सती”तिbha·vis·sa·tī भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

    “samaṇo gotamo pāpito bhavissatī”ti bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

    “The ascetic Gotama will be worsted!” He said to the Buddha:

83. 83

    “ब्राह्मणो,brāh·ma·ṇo भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko एवमाह:e·va·mā·ha

    “brāhmaṇo, bho gotama, pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko evamāha:

    “Worthy Gotama, the brahmin Pokkharasāti Upamañña of the Subhaga Forest says:

84. 84

    ‘एवमेवe·va·me·va पनिधेकच्चेpa·ni·dhe·kac·ce समणब्राह्मणाsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇā उत्तरिut·ta·ri मनुस्सधम्माma·nus·sa·dham·mā अलमरियञाणदस्सनविसेसंa·la·ma·ri·ya·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·vi·se·saṃ पटिजानन्ति।pa·ṭi·jā·nan·ti

    ‘evameva panidhekacce samaṇabrāhmaṇā uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ paṭijānanti.

    ‘This is exactly what happens with some ascetics and brahmins. They claim to have a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.

85. 85

    तेसमिदंte·sa·mi·daṃ भासितंbhā·si·taṃ हस्सकंयेवhas·sa·kaṃ·ye·va सम्पज्जति,sam·paj·ja·ti नामकंयेवnā·ma·kaṃ·ye·va सम्पज्जति,sam·paj·ja·ti रित्तकंयेवrit·ta·kaṃ·ye·va सम्पज्जति,sam·paj·ja·ti तुच्छकंयेवtuc·cha·kaṃ·ye·va सम्पज्जति।sam·paj·ja·ti

    Tesamidaṁ bhāsitaṁ hassakaṁyeva sampajjati, nāmakaṁyeva sampajjati, rittakaṁyeva sampajjati, tucchakaṁyeva sampajjati.

    But their statement turns out to be a joke—mere words, vacuous and hollow.

86. 86

    कथञ्हिka·thañ·hi नामnā·ma मनुस्सभूतोma·nus·sa·bhū·to उत्तरिut·ta·ri मनुस्सधम्माma·nus·sa·dham·mā अलमरियञाणदस्सनविसेसंa·la·ma·ri·ya·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·vi·se·saṃ ञस्सतिñas·sa·ti वाvā दक्खतिdak·kha·ti वाvā सच्छिsac·chi वाvā करिस्सतीति—ka·ris·sa·tī·ti

    Kathañhi nāma manussabhūto uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—

    For how on earth can a human being know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones?

87. 87

    नेतंne·taṃ ठानंṭhā·naṃ विज्जती’”ति?vij·ja·tī

    netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjatī’”ti?

    That is not possible.’”

88. 88

    “किंkiṃ पन,pa·na माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko सब्बेसंयेवsab·be·saṃ·ye·va समणब्राह्मणानंsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ चेतसाce·ta·sā चेतोce·to परिच्चpa·ric·ca पजानाती”ति?pa·jā·nā·tī

    “Kiṁ pana, māṇava, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko sabbesaṁyeva samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ cetasā ceto paricca pajānātī”ti?

    “But student, does Pokkharasāti understand the minds of all these ascetics and brahmins, having encompassed them with his mind?”

89. 89

    “सकायपिsa·kā·ya·pi हि,hi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma पुण्णिकायpuṇ·ṇi·kā·ya दासियाdā·si·yā ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko चेतसाce·ta·sā चेतोce·to परिच्चpa·ric·ca नna पजानाति,pa·jā·nā·ti कुतोku·to पनpa·na सब्बेसंयेवsab·be·saṃ·ye·va समणब्राह्मणानंsa·ma·ṇab·rāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ चेतसाce·ta·sā चेतोce·to परिच्चpa·ric·ca पजानिस्सती”ति?pa·jā·nis·sa·tī

    “Sakāyapi hi, bho gotama, puṇṇikāya dāsiyā brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko cetasā ceto paricca na pajānāti, kuto pana sabbesaṁyeva samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ cetasā ceto paricca pajānissatī”ti?

    “Worthy Gotama, Pokkharasāti doesn’t even understand the mind of his own bonded maid Puṇṇikā, so how could he know all those ascetics and brahmins?”

90. 90

    “सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va जच्चन्धोjac·can·dho पुरिसोpu·ri·so नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya कण्हसुक्कानिkaṇ·ha·suk·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya नीलकानिnī·la·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya पीतकानिpī·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya लोहितकानिlo·hi·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya मञ्जिट्ठकानिmañ·jiṭ·ṭha·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya समविसमं,sa·ma·vi·sa·maṃ नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya तारकरूपानि,tā·ra·ka·rū·pā·ni नna पस्सेय्यpas·sey·ya चन्दिमसूरिये।can·di·ma·sū·ri·ye

    “Seyyathāpi, māṇava, jaccandho puriso na passeyya kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, na passeyya nīlakāni rūpāni, na passeyya pītakāni rūpāni, na passeyya lohitakāni rūpāni, na passeyya mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, na passeyya samavisamaṁ, na passeyya tārakarūpāni, na passeyya candimasūriye.

    “Suppose there was a person blind from birth. They couldn’t see sights that are dark or bright, or blue, yellow, red, or magenta. They couldn’t see even and uneven ground, or the stars, or the moon and sun.

91. 91

    सोso एवंe·vaṃ वदेय्य:va·dey·ya

    So evaṁ vadeyya:

    They’d say:

92. 92

    ‘नत्थिnat·thi कण्हसुक्कानिkaṇ·ha·suk·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi कण्हसुक्कानंkaṇ·ha·suk·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    ‘natthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, natthi kaṇhasukkānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    ‘There’s no such thing as dark and bright sights, and no one who sees them.

93. 93

    नत्थिnat·thi नीलकानिnī·la·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi नीलकानंnī·la·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi nīlakāni rūpāni, natthi nīlakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    There’s no such thing as blue,

94. 94

    नत्थिnat·thi पीतकानिpī·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi पीतकानंpī·ta·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi pītakāni rūpāni, natthi pītakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    yellow,

95. 95

    नत्थिnat·thi लोहितकानिlo·hi·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi लोहितकानंlo·hi·ta·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi lohitakāni rūpāni, natthi lohitakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    red,

96. 96

    नत्थिnat·thi मञ्जिट्ठकानिmañ·jiṭ·ṭha·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi मञ्जिट्ठकानंmañ·jiṭ·ṭha·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, natthi mañjiṭṭhakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    magenta,

97. 97

    नत्थिnat·thi समविसमं,sa·ma·vi·sa·maṃ नत्थिnat·thi समविसमस्सsa·ma·vi·sa·mas·sa दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi samavisamaṁ, natthi samavisamassa dassāvī;

    even and uneven ground,

98. 98

    नत्थिnat·thi तारकरूपानि,tā·ra·ka·rū·pā·ni नत्थिnat·thi तारकरूपानंtā·ra·ka·rū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

    natthi tārakarūpāni, natthi tārakarūpānaṁ dassāvī;

    stars,

99. 99

    नत्थिnat·thi चन्दिमसूरिया,can·di·ma·sū·ri·yā नत्थिnat·thi चन्दिमसूरियानंcan·di·ma·sū·ri·yā·naṃ दस्सावी।das·sā·vī

    natthi candimasūriyā, natthi candimasūriyānaṁ dassāvī.

    moon and sun, and no one who sees these things.

100. 100

     अहमेतंa·ha·me·taṃ नna जानामि,jā·nā·mi अहमेतंa·ha·me·taṃ नna पस्सामि;pas·sā·mi

     Ahametaṁ na jānāmi, ahametaṁ na passāmi;

     I don’t know it or see it,

101. 101

     तस्माtas·mā तंtaṃ नत्थी’ति।nat·thī

     tasmā taṁ natthī’ti.

     therefore it doesn’t exist.’

102. 102

     सम्माsam·mā नुnu खोkho सो,so माणव,mā·ṇa·va वदमानोva·da·mā·no वदेय्या”ति?va·dey·yā

     Sammā nu kho so, māṇava, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti?

     Would they be speaking rightly?”

103. 103

     “नोno हिदं,hi·daṃ भोbho गोतम।go·ta·ma

     “No hidaṁ, bho gotama.

     “No, worthy Gotama.

104. 104

     अत्थिat·thi कण्हसुक्कानिkaṇ·ha·suk·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi कण्हसुक्कानंkaṇ·ha·suk·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     Atthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, atthi kaṇhasukkānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     There are such things as dark and bright sights, and one who sees them.

105. 105

     अत्थिat·thi नीलकानिnī·la·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi नीलकानंnī·la·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi nīlakāni rūpāni, atthi nīlakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     There is blue,

106. 106

     अत्थिat·thi पीतकानिpī·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi पीतकानंpī·ta·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi pītakāni rūpāni, atthi pītakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     yellow,

107. 107

     अत्थिat·thi लोहितकानिlo·hi·ta·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi लोहितकानंlo·hi·ta·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi lohitakāni rūpāni, atthi lohitakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     red,

108. 108

     अत्थिat·thi मञ्जिट्ठकानिmañ·jiṭ·ṭha·kā·ni रूपानि,rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi मञ्जिट्ठकानंmañ·jiṭ·ṭha·kā·naṃ रूपानंrū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, atthi mañjiṭṭhakānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     magenta,

109. 109

     अत्थिat·thi समविसमं,sa·ma·vi·sa·maṃ अत्थिat·thi समविसमस्सsa·ma·vi·sa·mas·sa दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi samavisamaṁ, atthi samavisamassa dassāvī;

     even and uneven ground,

110. 110

     अत्थिat·thi तारकरूपानि,tā·ra·ka·rū·pā·ni अत्थिat·thi तारकरूपानंtā·ra·ka·rū·pā·naṃ दस्सावी;das·sā·vī

     atthi tārakarūpāni, atthi tārakarūpānaṁ dassāvī;

     stars,

111. 111

     अत्थिat·thi चन्दिमसूरिया,can·di·ma·sū·ri·yā अत्थिat·thi चन्दिमसूरियानंcan·di·ma·sū·ri·yā·naṃ दस्सावी।das·sā·vī

     atthi candimasūriyā, atthi candimasūriyānaṁ dassāvī.

     moon and sun, and one who sees these things.

112. 112

     ‘अहमेतंa·ha·me·taṃ नna जानामि,jā·nā·mi अहमेतंa·ha·me·taṃ नna पस्सामि;pas·sā·mi

     ‘Ahametaṁ na jānāmi, ahametaṁ na passāmi;

     So it’s not right to say this: ‘I don’t know it or see it,

113. 113

     तस्माtas·mā तंtaṃ नत्थी’ति;nat·thī

     tasmā taṁ natthī’ti;

     therefore it doesn’t exist.’”

114. 114

     नna हिhi सो,so भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma सम्माsam·mā वदमानोva·da·mā·no वदेय्या”ति।va·dey·yā

     na hi so, bho gotama, sammā vadamāno vadeyyā”ti.

     (Pāli only)

115. 115

     “एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko अन्धोan·dho अचक्खुको।a·cak·khu·ko

     “Evameva kho, māṇava, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko andho acakkhuko.

     “In the same way, Pokkharasāti is blind and sightless.

116. 116

     सोso वतva·ta उत्तरिut·ta·ri मनुस्सधम्माma·nus·sa·dham·mā अलमरियञाणदस्सनविसेसंa·la·ma·ri·ya·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·vi·se·saṃ ञस्सतिñas·sa·ti वाvā दक्खतिdak·kha·ti वाvā सच्छिsac·chi वाvā करिस्सतीति—नेतंka·ris·sa·tī·ti ठानंṭhā·naṃ विज्जति।vij·ja·ti

     So vata uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.

     It is quite impossible for him to know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.

117. 117

     तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va

     Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māṇava,

     What do you think, student?

118. 118

     येye तेte कोसलकाko·sa·la·kā ब्राह्मणमहासाला,brāh·ma·ṇa·ma·hā·sā·lā सेय्यथिदं—sey·ya·thi·daṃ

     ye te kosalakā brāhmaṇamahāsālā, seyyathidaṁ—

     There are well-to-do brahmins of Kosala such as

119. 119

     चङ्कीcaṅ·kī ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo तारुक्खोtā·ruk·kho ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo जाणुस्सोणिjā·ṇus·so·ṇi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पिताpi·tā चca तेte तोदेय्यो,to·dey·yo कतमाka·ta·mā नेसंne·saṃ सेय्यो,sey·yo यंyaṃ वाvā तेte सम्मुच्चाsam·muc·cā वाचंvā·caṃ भासेय्युंbhā·sey·yuṃ यंyaṃ वाvā असम्मुच्चा”ति?a·sam·muc·cā

     caṅkī brāhmaṇo tārukkho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti brāhmaṇo jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo pitā ca te todeyyo, katamā nesaṁ seyyo, yaṁ vā te sammuccā vācaṁ bhāseyyuṁ yaṁ vā asammuccā”ti?

     the brahmins Caṅkī, Tārukkha, Pokkharasāti, Jānussoṇi, and your father Todeyya. What’s better for them: that their speech agrees or disagrees with the consensus of opinion?”

120. 120

     “सम्मुच्चा,sam·muc·cā भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Sammuccā, bho gotama”.

     “That it agrees, worthy Gotama.”

121. 121

     “कतमाka·ta·mā नेसंne·saṃ सेय्यो,sey·yo यंyaṃ वाvā तेte मन्ताman·tā वाचंvā·caṃ भासेय्युंbhā·sey·yuṃ यंyaṃ वाvā अमन्ता”ति?a·man·tā

     “Katamā nesaṁ seyyo, yaṁ vā te mantā vācaṁ bhāseyyuṁ yaṁ vā amantā”ti?

     “What’s better for them: that their speech is thoughtful or thoughtless?”

122. 122

     “मन्ता,man·tā भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Mantā, bho gotama”.

     “That it is thoughtful.”

123. 123

     “कतमाka·ta·mā नेसंne·saṃ सेय्यो,sey·yo यंyaṃ वाvā तेte पटिसङ्खायpa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·ya वाचंvā·caṃ भासेय्युंbhā·sey·yuṃ यंyaṃ वाvā अप्पटिसङ्खाया”ति?ap·pa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·yā

     “Katamā nesaṁ seyyo, yaṁ vā te paṭisaṅkhāya vācaṁ bhāseyyuṁ yaṁ vā appaṭisaṅkhāyā”ti?

     “What’s better for them: that their speech follows reflection or is unreflective?”

124. 124

     “पटिसङ्खाय,pa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·ya भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Paṭisaṅkhāya, bho gotama”.

     “That it follows reflection.”

125. 125

     “कतमाka·ta·mā नेसंne·saṃ सेय्यो,sey·yo यंyaṃ वाvā तेte अत्थसंहितंat·tha·saṃ·hi·taṃ वाचंvā·caṃ भासेय्युंbhā·sey·yuṃ यंyaṃ वाvā अनत्थसंहितन्”ति?a·nat·tha·saṃ·hi·tan

     “Katamā nesaṁ seyyo, yaṁ vā te atthasaṁhitaṁ vācaṁ bhāseyyuṁ yaṁ vā anatthasaṁhitan”ti?

     “What’s better for them: that their speech is beneficial or worthless?”

126. 126

     “अत्थसंहितं,at·tha·saṃ·hi·taṃ भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Atthasaṁhitaṁ, bho gotama”.

     “That it’s beneficial.”

127. 127

     “तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va

     “Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māṇava,

     “What do you think, student?

128. 128

     यदिya·di एवंe·vaṃ सन्ते,san·te ब्राह्मणेनbrāh·ma·ṇe·na पोक्खरसातिनाpok·kha·ra·sā·ti·nā ओपमञ्ञेनo·pa·mañ·ñe·na सुभगवनिकेनsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ke·na सम्मुच्चाsam·muc·cā वाचाvā·cā भासिताbhā·si·tā असम्मुच्चा”ति?a·sam·muc·cā

     yadi evaṁ sante, brāhmaṇena pokkharasātinā opamaññena subhagavanikena sammuccā vācā bhāsitā asammuccā”ti?

     If this is so, does Pokkharasāti’s speech agree or disagree with the consensus of opinion?”

129. 129

     “असम्मुच्चा,a·sam·muc·cā भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Asammuccā, bho gotama”.

     “It disagrees, worthy Gotama.”

130. 130

     “मन्ताman·tā वाचाvā·cā भासिताbhā·si·tā अमन्ताa·man·tā वा”ति?vā

     “Mantā vācā bhāsitā amantā vā”ti?

     “Is it thoughtful or thoughtless?”

131. 131

     “अमन्ता,a·man·tā भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Amantā, bho gotama”.

     “Thoughtless.”

132. 132

     “पटिसङ्खायpa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·ya वाचाvā·cā भासिताbhā·si·tā अप्पटिसङ्खाया”ति?ap·pa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·yā

     “Paṭisaṅkhāya vācā bhāsitā appaṭisaṅkhāyā”ti?

     “Is it reflective or unreflective?”

133. 133

     “अप्पटिसङ्खाय,ap·pa·ṭi·saṅ·khā·ya भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Appaṭisaṅkhāya, bho gotama”.

     “Unreflective.”

134. 134

     “अत्थसंहिताat·tha·saṃ·hi·tā वाचाvā·cā भासिताbhā·si·tā अनत्थसंहिता”ति?a·nat·tha·saṃ·hi·tā

     “Atthasaṁhitā vācā bhāsitā anatthasaṁhitā”ti?

     “Is it beneficial or worthless?”

135. 135

     “अनत्थसंहिता,a·nat·tha·saṃ·hi·tā भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “Anatthasaṁhitā, bho gotama”.

     “Worthless.”

136. 136

     “पञ्चpañ·ca खोkho इमे,i·me माणव,mā·ṇa·va नीवरणा।nī·va·ra·ṇā

     “Pañca kho ime, māṇava, nīvaraṇā.

     “Student, there are these five hindrances.

137. 137

     कतमेka·ta·me पञ्च?pañ·ca

     Katame pañca?

     What five?

138. 138

     कामच्छन्दनीवरणं,kā·mac·chan·da·nī·va·ra·ṇaṃ ब्यापादनीवरणं,byā·pā·da·nī·va·ra·ṇaṃ थिनमिद्धनीवरणंthi·na·mid·dha·nī·va·ra·ṇaṃ उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चनीवरणं,ud·dhac·ca·kuk·kuc·ca·nī·va·ra·ṇaṃ विचिकिच्छानीवरणं—vi·ci·kic·chā·nī·va·ra·ṇaṃ

     Kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṁ, byāpādanīvaraṇaṁ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṁ uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṁ, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṁ—

     The hindrances of sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt.

139. 139

     इमेi·me खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पञ्चpañ·ca नीवरणा।nī·va·ra·ṇā

     ime kho, māṇava, pañca nīvaraṇā.

     These are the five hindrances.

140. 140

     इमेहिi·me·hi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पञ्चहिpañ·ca·hi नीवरणेहिnī·va·ra·ṇe·hi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko आवुतोā·vu·to निवुतोni·vu·to ओफुटोo·phu·ṭo परियोनद्धो।pa·ri·yo·nad·dho

     Imehi kho, māṇava, pañcahi nīvaraṇehi brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko āvuto nivuto ophuṭo pariyonaddho.

     Pokkharasāti is obstructed, hindered, engulfed, and enveloped by these five hindrances.

141. 141

     सोso वतva·ta उत्तरिut·ta·ri मनुस्सधम्माma·nus·sa·dham·mā अलमरियञाणदस्सनविसेसंa·la·ma·ri·ya·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·vi·se·saṃ ञस्सतिñas·sa·ti वाvā दक्खतिdak·kha·ti वाvā सच्छिsac·chi वाvā करिस्सतीति—नेतंka·ris·sa·tī·ti ठानंṭhā·naṃ विज्जति।vij·ja·ti

     So vata uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.

     It is quite impossible for him to know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.

142. 142

     पञ्चpañ·ca खोkho इमे,i·me माणव,mā·ṇa·va कामगुणा।kā·ma·gu·ṇā

     Pañca kho ime, māṇava, kāmaguṇā.

     There are these five kinds of sensual stimulation.

143. 143

     कतमेka·ta·me पञ्च?pañ·ca

     Katame pañca?

     What five?

144. 144

     चक्खुविञ्ञेय्याcak·khu·viñ·ñey·yā रूपाrū·pā इट्ठाiṭ·ṭhā कन्ताkan·tā मनापाma·nā·pā पियरूपाpi·ya·rū·pā कामूपसंहिताkā·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·tā रजनीया;ra·ja·nī·yā

     Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā;

     There are sights known by the eye, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.

145. 145

     सोतविञ्ञेय्याso·ta·viñ·ñey·yā सद्दाsad·dā …पे…pe

     sotaviññeyyā saddā …pe…

     There are sounds known by the ear …

146. 146

     घानविञ्ञेय्याghā·na·viñ·ñey·yā गन्धाgan·dhā …

     ghānaviññeyyā gandhā …

     smells known by the nose …

147. 147

     जिव्हाjiv·hā विञ्ञेय्याviñ·ñey·yā रसाra·sā …

     jivhā viññeyyā rasā …

     tastes known by the tongue …

148. 148

     कायविञ्ञेय्याkā·ya·viñ·ñey·yā फोट्ठब्बाphoṭ·ṭhab·bā इट्ठाiṭ·ṭhā कन्ताkan·tā मनापाma·nā·pā पियरूपाpi·ya·rū·pā कामूपसंहिताkā·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·tā रजनीया—ra·ja·nī·yā

     kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā—

     touches known by the body, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.

149. 149

     इमेi·me खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पञ्चpañ·ca कामगुणा।kā·ma·gu·ṇā

     ime kho, māṇava, pañca kāmaguṇā.

     These are the five kinds of sensual stimulation.

150. 150

     इमेहिi·me·hi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पञ्चहिpañ·ca·hi कामगुणेहिkā·ma·gu·ṇe·hi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo पोक्खरसातिpok·kha·ra·sā·ti ओपमञ्ञोo·pa·mañ·ño सुभगवनिकोsu·bha·ga·va·ni·ko गथितोga·thi·to मुच्छितोmuc·chi·to अज्झोपन्नोaj·jho·pan·no अनादीनवदस्सावीa·nā·dī·na·va·das·sā·vī अनिस्सरणपञ्ञोa·nis·sa·ra·ṇa·pañ·ño परिभुञ्जति।pa·ri·bhuñ·ja·ti

     Imehi kho, māṇava, pañcahi kāmaguṇehi brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko gathito mucchito ajjhopanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

     Pokkharasāti enjoys these five kinds of sensual stimulation, tied, infatuated, attached, blind to the drawbacks, and not understanding the escape.

151. 151

     सोso वतva·ta उत्तरिut·ta·ri मनुस्सधम्माma·nus·sa·dham·mā अलमरियञाणदस्सनविसेसंa·la·ma·ri·ya·ñā·ṇa·das·sa·na·vi·se·saṃ ञस्सतिñas·sa·ti वाvā दक्खतिdak·kha·ti वाvā सच्छिsac·chi वाvā करिस्सतीति—नेतंka·ris·sa·tī·ti ठानंṭhā·naṃ विज्जति।vij·ja·ti

     So vata uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.

     It is quite impossible for him to know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.

152. 152

     तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va

     Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māṇava,

     What do you think, student?

153. 153

     यंyaṃ वाvā तिणकट्ठुपादानंti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·naṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca अग्गिंag·giṃ जालेय्यjā·ley·ya यंyaṃ वाvā निस्सट्ठतिणकट्ठुपादानंnis·saṭ·ṭha·ti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·naṃ अग्गिंag·giṃ जालेय्य,jā·ley·ya कतमोka·ta·mo नुnu ख्वास्सkhvās·sa अग्गिag·gi अच्चिमाac·ci·mā चेवce·va वण्णवाvaṇ·ṇa·vā चca पभस्सरोpa·bhas·sa·ro चा”ति?cā

     yaṁ vā tiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṁ paṭicca aggiṁ jāleyya yaṁ vā nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṁ aggiṁ jāleyya, katamo nu khvāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro cā”ti?

     Which would have better flames, color, and radiance: a fire that depends on grass and logs as fuel, or one that does not?”

154. 154

     “सचेsa·ce तं,taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ठानंṭhā·naṃ निस्सट्ठतिणकट्ठुपादानंnis·saṭ·ṭha·ti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·naṃ अग्गिंag·giṃ जालेतुं,jā·le·tuṃ स्वास्सsvās·sa अग्गिag·gi अच्चिमाac·ci·mā चेवce·va वण्णवाvaṇ·ṇa·vā चca पभस्सरोpa·bhas·sa·ro चा”ति।cā

     “Sace taṁ, bho gotama, ṭhānaṁ nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṁ aggiṁ jāletuṁ, svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro cā”ti.

     “If it were possible for a fire to burn without depending on grass and logs as fuel, that would have better flames, color, and radiance.”

155. 155

     “अट्ठानंaṭ·ṭhā·naṃ खोkho एतं,e·taṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va अनवकासोa·na·va·kā·so यंyaṃ निस्सट्ठतिणकट्ठुपादानंnis·saṭ·ṭha·ti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·naṃ अग्गिंag·giṃ जालेय्यjā·ley·ya अञ्ञत्रañ·ñat·ra इद्धिमता।id·dhi·ma·tā

     “Aṭṭhānaṁ kho etaṁ, māṇava, anavakāso yaṁ nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṁ aggiṁ jāleyya aññatra iddhimatā.

     “But it isn’t possible, except by psychic power.

156. 156

     सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va तिणकट्ठुपादानंti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·naṃ पटिच्चpa·ṭic·ca अग्गिag·gi जलतिja·la·ti तथूपमाहं,ta·thū·pa·mā·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va इमंi·maṃ पीतिंpī·tiṃ वदामिva·dā·mi यायंyā·yaṃ पीतिpī·ti पञ्चpañ·ca कामगुणेkā·ma·gu·ṇe पटिच्च।pa·ṭic·ca

     Seyyathāpi, māṇava, tiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṁ paṭicca aggi jalati tathūpamāhaṁ, māṇava, imaṁ pītiṁ vadāmi yāyaṁ pīti pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca.

     Rapture that depends on the five kinds of sensual stimulation is like a fire that depends on grass and logs as fuel.

157. 157

     सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va निस्सट्ठतिणकट्ठुपादानोnis·saṭ·ṭha·ti·ṇa·kaṭ·ṭhu·pā·dā·no अग्गिag·gi जलतिja·la·ti तथूपमाहं,ta·thū·pa·mā·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va इमंi·maṃ पीतिंpī·tiṃ वदामिva·dā·mi यायंyā·yaṃ पीतिpī·ti अञ्ञत्रेवañ·ñat·re·va कामेहिkā·me·hi अञ्ञत्रañ·ñat·ra अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहि।dham·me·hi

     Seyyathāpi, māṇava, nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādāno aggi jalati tathūpamāhaṁ, māṇava, imaṁ pītiṁ vadāmi yāyaṁ pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi.

     Rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities is like a fire that doesn’t depend on grass and logs as fuel.

158. 158

     कतमाka·ta·mā च,ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va पीतिpī·ti अञ्ञत्रेवañ·ñat·re·va कामेहिkā·me·hi अञ्ञत्रañ·ñat·ra अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहि?dham·me·hi

     Katamā ca, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi?

     And what is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities?

159. 159

     इध,i·dha माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu विविच्चेवvi·vic·ce·va कामेहिkā·me·hi …पे…pe पठमंpa·ṭha·maṃ झानंjhā·naṃ उपसम्पज्जu·pa·sam·paj·ja विहरति।vi·ha·ra·ti

     Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi …pe… paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.

     It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.

160. 160

     अयम्पिa·yam·pi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पीतिpī·ti अञ्ञत्रेवañ·ñat·re·va कामेहिkā·me·hi अञ्ञत्रañ·ñat·ra अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहि।dham·me·hi

     Ayampi kho, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi.

     This is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities.

161. 161

     पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu वितक्कविचारानंvi·tak·ka·vi·cā·rā·naṃ वूपसमाvū·pa·sa·mā … दुतियंdu·ti·yaṃ झानंjhā·naṃ उपसम्पज्जu·pa·sam·paj·ja विहरति।vi·ha·ra·ti

     Puna caparaṁ, māṇava, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā … dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.

     Furthermore, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.

162. 162

     अयम्पिa·yam·pi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va पीतिpī·ti अञ्ञत्रेवañ·ñat·re·va कामेहिkā·me·hi अञ्ञत्रañ·ñat·ra अकुसलेहिa·ku·sa·le·hi धम्मेहि।dham·me·hi

     Ayampi kho, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi.

     This too is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities.

163. 163

     येye ते,te माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya कतमेत्थka·ta·met·tha ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā धम्मंdham·maṃ महप्फलतरंma·hap·pha·la·ta·raṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाया”ति?ā·rā·dha·nā·yā

     Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, katamettha brāhmaṇā dhammaṁ mahapphalataraṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti?

     Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, which do they say is the most fruitful?”

164. 164

     “येमे,ye·me भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya चागमेत्थcā·ga·met·tha ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā धम्मंdham·maṃ महप्फलतरंma·hap·pha·la·ta·raṃ पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाया”ति।ā·rā·dha·nā·yā

     “Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, cāgamettha brāhmaṇā dhammaṁ mahapphalataraṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti.

     “Generosity.”

165. 165

     “तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va

     “Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māṇava,

     “What do you think, student?

166. 166

     इधi·dha अञ्ञतरस्सañ·ña·ta·ras·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa महायञ्ञोma·hā·yañ·ño पच्चुपट्ठितोpac·cu·paṭ·ṭhi·to अस्स।as·sa

     idha aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa mahāyañño paccupaṭṭhito assa.

     Suppose a brahmin was setting up a grand sacrifice.

167. 167

     अथa·tha द्वेdve ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā आगच्छेय्युं:ā·gac·chey·yuṃ

     Atha dve brāhmaṇā āgaccheyyuṁ:

     Then two brahmins came along, thinking,

168. 168

     ‘इत्थन्नामस्सit·than·nā·mas·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa महायञ्ञंma·hā·yañ·ñaṃ अनुभविस्सामा’ति।a·nu·bha·vis·sā·mā

     ‘itthannāmassa brāhmaṇassa mahāyaññaṁ anubhavissāmā’ti.

     ‘We shall participate in the grand sacrifice of the brahmin named so-and-so.’

169. 169

     तत्रेकस्सtat·re·kas·sa ब्राह्मणस्सbrāh·ma·ṇas·sa एवमस्स:e·va·mas·sa

     Tatrekassa brāhmaṇassa evamassa:

     Then one of those brahmins thought:

170. 170

     ‘अहोa·ho वतva·ta अहमेवa·ha·me·va लभेय्यंla·bhey·yaṃ भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डं,ag·ga·piṇ·ḍaṃ नna अञ्ञोañ·ño ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo लभेय्यla·bhey·ya भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डन्’ति।ag·ga·piṇ·ḍan

     ‘aho vata ahameva labheyyaṁ bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍaṁ, na añño brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan’ti.

     ‘Oh, I hope that I alone get the best seat, the best drink, and the best almsfood in the refectory, not some other brahmin.’

171. 171

     ठानंṭhā·naṃ खोkho पनेतं,pa·ne·taṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va विज्जतिvij·ja·ti यंyaṃ अञ्ञोañ·ño ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo लभेय्यla·bhey·ya भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डं,ag·ga·piṇ·ḍaṃ नna सोso ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo लभेय्यla·bhey·ya भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डं।ag·ga·piṇ·ḍaṃ

     Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, māṇava, vijjati yaṁ añño brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍaṁ, na so brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍaṁ.

     But it’s possible that some other brahmin gets the best seat, the best drink, and the best almsfood in the refectory.

172. 172

     ‘अञ्ञोañ·ño ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo लभतिla·bha·ti भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डं,ag·ga·piṇ·ḍaṃ नाहंnā·haṃ लभामिla·bhā·mi भत्तग्गेbhat·tag·ge अग्गासनंag·gā·sa·naṃ अग्गोदकंag·go·da·kaṃ अग्गपिण्डन्’ति—ag·ga·piṇ·ḍan

     ‘Añño brāhmaṇo labhati bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍaṁ, nāhaṁ labhāmi bhattagge aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan’ti—

     Thinking, ‘Some other brahmin has got the best seat, the best drink, the best almsfood,’

173. 173

     इतिi·ti सोso कुपितोku·pi·to होतिho·ti अनत्तमनो।a·nat·ta·ma·no

     iti so kupito hoti anattamano.

     they get angry and upset.

174. 174

     इमस्सi·mas·sa पन,pa·na माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā किंkiṃ विपाकंvi·pā·kaṃ पञ्ञपेन्ती”ति?pañ·ña·pen·tī

     Imassa pana, māṇava, brāhmaṇā kiṁ vipākaṁ paññapentī”ti?

     What do the brahmins say is the result of this?”

175. 175

     “नna ख्वेत्थ,khvet·tha भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā एवंe·vaṃ दानंdā·naṃ देन्ति:den·ti

     “Na khvettha, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā evaṁ dānaṁ denti:

     “Worthy Gotama, brahmins don’t give gifts so that

176. 176

     ‘इमिनाi·mi·nā परोpa·ro कुपितोku·pi·to होतुho·tu अनत्तमनो’ति।a·nat·ta·ma·no

     ‘iminā paro kupito hotu anattamano’ti.

     others will get angry and upset.

177. 177

     अथa·tha ख्वेत्थkhvet·tha ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā अनुकम्पाजातिकंयेवa·nu·kam·pā·jā·ti·kaṃ·ye·va दानंdā·naṃ देन्ती”ति।den·tī

     Atha khvettha brāhmaṇā anukampājātikaṁyeva dānaṁ dentī”ti.

     Rather, they only give gifts that are born from sympathy.”

178. 178

     “एवंe·vaṃ सन्तेsan·te खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ इदंi·daṃ छट्ठंchaṭ·ṭhaṃ पुञ्ञकिरियवत्थुpuñ·ña·ki·ri·ya·vat·thu होति—ho·ti

     “Evaṁ sante kho, māṇava, brāhmaṇānaṁ idaṁ chaṭṭhaṁ puññakiriyavatthu hoti—

     “In that case, isn’t this a sixth ground for making merit,

179. 179

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ अनुकम्पाजातिकन्”ति।a·nu·kam·pā·jā·ti·kan

     yadidaṁ anukampājātikan”ti.

     namely, being born from sympathy?”

180. 180

     “एवंe·vaṃ सन्ते,san·te भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणानंbrāh·ma·ṇā·naṃ इदंi·daṃ छट्ठंchaṭ·ṭhaṃ पुञ्ञकिरियवत्थुpuñ·ña·ki·ri·ya·vat·thu होति—ho·ti

     “Evaṁ sante, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṁ idaṁ chaṭṭhaṁ puññakiriyavatthu hoti—

     “In that case, this is a sixth ground for making merit,

181. 181

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ अनुकम्पाजातिकन्”ति।a·nu·kam·pā·jā·ti·kan

     yadidaṁ anukampājātikan”ti.

     namely, being born from sympathy.”

182. 182

     “येye ते,te माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya इमेi·me त्वंtvaṃ पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me कत्थkat·tha बहुलंba·hu·laṃ समनुपस्ससि—sa·ma·nu·pas·sa·si

     “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, ime tvaṁ pañca dhamme kattha bahulaṁ samanupassasi—

     “Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, where do you usually find them:

183. 183

     गहट्ठेसुga·haṭ·ṭhe·su वाvā पब्बजितेसुpab·ba·ji·te·su वा”ति?vā

     gahaṭṭhesu vā pabbajitesu vā”ti?

     among laypeople or renunciates?”

184. 184

     “येमे,ye·me भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya इमाहंi·mā·haṃ पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पब्बजितेसुpab·ba·ji·te·su बहुलंba·hu·laṃ समनुपस्सामिsa·ma·nu·pas·sā·mi अप्पंap·paṃ गहट्ठेसु।ga·haṭ·ṭhe·su

     “Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṁ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṁ samanupassāmi appaṁ gahaṭṭhesu.

     “Mostly among renunciates, and less so among lay people.

185. 185

     गहट्ठोga·haṭ·ṭho हि,hi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma महट्ठोma·haṭ·ṭho महाकिच्चोma·hā·kic·co महाधिकरणोma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇo महासमारम्भो,ma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bho नna सततंsa·ta·taṃ समितंsa·mi·taṃ सच्चवादीsac·ca·vā·dī होति;ho·ti

     Gahaṭṭho hi, bho gotama, mahaṭṭho mahākicco mahādhikaraṇo mahāsamārambho, na satataṁ samitaṁ saccavādī hoti;

     For a layperson has many obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and they can’t always tell the truth,

186. 186

     पब्बजितोpab·ba·ji·to खोkho पन,pa·na भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अप्पट्ठोap·paṭ·ṭho अप्पकिच्चोap·pa·kic·co अप्पाधिकरणोap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇo अप्पसमारम्भो,ap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bho सततंsa·ta·taṃ समितंsa·mi·taṃ सच्चवादीsac·ca·vā·dī होति।ho·ti

     pabbajito kho pana, bho gotama, appaṭṭho appakicco appādhikaraṇo appasamārambho, satataṁ samitaṁ saccavādī hoti.

     (Pāli only)

187. 187

     गहट्ठोga·haṭ·ṭho हि,hi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma महट्ठोma·haṭ·ṭho महाकिच्चोma·hā·kic·co महाधिकरणोma·hā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇo महासमारम्भोma·hā·sa·mā·ram·bho नna सततंsa·ta·taṃ समितंsa·mi·taṃ तपस्सीta·pas·sī होतिho·ti …

     Gahaṭṭho hi, bho gotama, mahaṭṭho mahākicco mahādhikaraṇo mahāsamārambho na satataṁ samitaṁ tapassī hoti …

     be fervent,

188. 188

     ब्रह्मचारीbrah·ma·cā·rī होतिho·ti …

     brahmacārī hoti …

     be chaste,

189. 189

     सज्झायबहुलोsaj·jhā·ya·ba·hu·lo होतिho·ti …

     sajjhāyabahulo hoti …

     rehearse a lot,

190. 190

     चागबहुलोcā·ga·ba·hu·lo होति;ho·ti

     cāgabahulo hoti;

     or be very generous.

191. 191

     पब्बजितोpab·ba·ji·to खोkho पन,pa·na भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अप्पट्ठोap·paṭ·ṭho अप्पकिच्चोap·pa·kic·co अप्पाधिकरणोap·pā·dhi·ka·ra·ṇo अप्पसमारम्भोap·pa·sa·mā·ram·bho सततंsa·ta·taṃ समितंsa·mi·taṃ तपस्सीta·pas·sī होतिho·ti …

     pabbajito kho pana, bho gotama, appaṭṭho appakicco appādhikaraṇo appasamārambho satataṁ samitaṁ tapassī hoti …

     But a renunciate has few obligations, duties, issues, and undertakings, and they can always tell the truth, be fervent,

192. 192

     ब्रह्मचारीbrah·ma·cā·rī होतिho·ti …

     brahmacārī hoti …

     be chaste,

193. 193

     सज्झायबहुलोsaj·jhā·ya·ba·hu·lo होतिho·ti …

     sajjhāyabahulo hoti …

     rehearse a lot,

194. 194

     चागबहुलोcā·ga·ba·hu·lo होति।ho·ti

     cāgabahulo hoti.

     and be very generous.

195. 195

     येमे,ye·me भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya इमाहंi·mā·haṃ पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पब्बजितेसुpab·ba·ji·te·su बहुलंba·hu·laṃ समनुपस्सामिsa·ma·nu·pas·sā·mi अप्पंap·paṃ गहट्ठेसू”ति।ga·haṭ·ṭhe·sū

     Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṁ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṁ samanupassāmi appaṁ gahaṭṭhesū”ti.

     Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, I usually find them among renunciates, and less so among laypeople.”

196. 196

     “येye ते,te माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनायā·rā·dha·nā·ya चित्तस्साहंcit·tas·sā·haṃ एतेe·te परिक्खारेpa·rik·khā·re वदामि—va·dā·mi

     “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya cittassāhaṁ ete parikkhāre vadāmi—

     “I say that the five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for

197. 197

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ अवेरंa·ve·raṃ अब्याबज्झंab·yā·baj·jhaṃ तस्सtas·sa भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

     yadidaṁ cittaṁ averaṁ abyābajjhaṁ tassa bhāvanāya.

     developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.

198. 198

     इध,i·dha माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu सच्चवादीsac·ca·vā·dī होति।ho·ti

     Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu saccavādī hoti.

     Take a mendicant who speaks the truth.

199. 199

     सोso ‘सच्चवादीम्ही’तिsac·ca·vā·dīm·hī लभतिla·bha·ti अत्थवेदं,at·tha·ve·daṃ लभतिla·bha·ti धम्मवेदं,dham·ma·ve·daṃ लभतिla·bha·ti धम्मूपसंहितंdham·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·taṃ पामोज्जं।pā·moj·jaṃ

     So ‘saccavādīmhī’ti labhati atthavedaṁ, labhati dhammavedaṁ, labhati dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ.

     Thinking, ‘I’m truthful,’ they find inspiration in the meaning and the teaching, and find joy connected with the teaching.

200. 200

     यंyaṃ तंtaṃ कुसलूपसंहितंku·sa·lū·pa·saṃ·hi·taṃ पामोज्जं,pā·moj·jaṃ चित्तस्साहंcit·tas·sā·haṃ एतंe·taṃ परिक्खारंpa·rik·khā·raṃ वदामि—va·dā·mi

     Yaṁ taṁ kusalūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ, cittassāhaṁ etaṁ parikkhāraṁ vadāmi—

     And I say that joy connected with the skillful is a prerequisite of the mind for

201. 201

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ अवेरंa·ve·raṃ अब्याबज्झंab·yā·baj·jhaṃ तस्सtas·sa भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

     yadidaṁ cittaṁ averaṁ abyābajjhaṁ tassa bhāvanāya.

     developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.

202. 202

     इध,i·dha माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu तपस्सीta·pas·sī होतिho·ti …पे…pe

     Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu tapassī hoti …pe…

     Take a mendicant who is fervent …

203. 203

     ब्रह्मचारीbrah·ma·cā·rī होतिho·ti …पे…pe

     brahmacārī hoti …pe…

     is chaste …

204. 204

     सज्झायबहुलोsaj·jhā·ya·ba·hu·lo होतिho·ti …पे…pe

     sajjhāyabahulo hoti …pe…

     rehearses a lot …

205. 205

     चागबहुलोcā·ga·ba·hu·lo होति।ho·ti

     cāgabahulo hoti.

     and is very generous.

206. 206

     सोso ‘चागबहुलोम्ही’तिcā·ga·ba·hu·lom·hī लभतिla·bha·ti अत्थवेदं,at·tha·ve·daṃ लभतिla·bha·ti धम्मवेदं,dham·ma·ve·daṃ लभतिla·bha·ti धम्मूपसंहितंdham·mū·pa·saṃ·hi·taṃ पामोज्जं।pā·moj·jaṃ

     So ‘cāgabahulomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṁ, labhati dhammavedaṁ, labhati dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ.

     Thinking, ‘I’m very generous,’ they find inspiration in the meaning and the teaching, and find joy connected with the teaching.

207. 207

     यंyaṃ तंtaṃ कुसलूपसंहितंku·sa·lū·pa·saṃ·hi·taṃ पामोज्जं,pā·moj·jaṃ चित्तस्साहंcit·tas·sā·haṃ एतंe·taṃ परिक्खारंpa·rik·khā·raṃ वदामि—va·dā·mi

     Yaṁ taṁ kusalūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ, cittassāhaṁ etaṁ parikkhāraṁ vadāmi—

     And I say that joy connected with the skillful is a prerequisite of the mind for

208. 208

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ अवेरंa·ve·raṃ अब्याबज्झंab·yā·baj·jhaṃ तस्सtas·sa भावनाय।bhā·va·nā·ya

     yadidaṁ cittaṁ averaṁ abyābajjhaṁ tassa bhāvanāya.

     developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.

209. 209

     येye ते,te माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय,ā·rā·dha·nā·ya चित्तस्साहंcit·tas·sā·haṃ एतेe·te परिक्खारेpa·rik·khā·re वदामि—va·dā·mi

     Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, cittassāhaṁ ete parikkhāre vadāmi—

     I say that these five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for

210. 210

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ अवेरंa·ve·raṃ अब्याबज्झंab·yā·baj·jhaṃ तस्सtas·sa भावनाया”ति।bhā·va·nā·yā

     yadidaṁ cittaṁ averaṁ abyābajjhaṁ tassa bhāvanāyā”ti.

     developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.”

211. 211

     एवंe·vaṃ वुत्ते,vut·te सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

     Evaṁ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

     When he had spoken, Subha said to him,

212. 212

     “सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ भोbho गोतम:go·ta·ma

     “sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama:

     “Worthy Gotama, I have heard that

213. 213

     ‘समणोsa·ma·ṇo गोतमोgo·ta·mo ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गंmag·gaṃ जानाती’”ति।jā·nā·tī

     ‘samaṇo gotamo brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggaṁ jānātī’”ti.

     the ascetic Gotama knows a path to company with divinity.”

214. 214

     “तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va

     “Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māṇava,

     “What do you think, student?

215. 215

     आसन्नेā·san·ne इतोi·to नळकारगामो,na·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mo नna यितोyi·to दूरेdū·re नळकारगामो”ति?na·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mo

     āsanne ito naḷakāragāmo, na yito dūre naḷakāragāmo”ti?

     Is the village of Naḷakāra nearby?”

216. 216

     “एवं,e·vaṃ भो,bho आसन्नेā·san·ne इतोi·to नळकारगामो,na·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mo नna यितोyi·to दूरेdū·re नळकारगामो”ति।na·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mo

     “Evaṁ, bho, āsanne ito naḷakāragāmo, na yito dūre naḷakāragāmo”ti.

     “Yes it is, sir.”

217. 217

     “तं,taṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si माणव,mā·ṇa·va इधस्सi·dhas·sa पुरिसोpu·ri·so नळकारगामेna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·me जातवद्धो;jā·ta·vad·dho

     “Taṁ, kiṁ maññasi, māṇava, idhassa puriso naḷakāragāme jātavaddho;

     “What do you think, student? Suppose a person was born and raised in Naḷakāra.

218. 218

     तमेनंta·me·naṃ नळकारगामतोna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·ma·to तावदेवtā·va·de·va अवसटंa·va·sa·ṭaṃ नळकारगामस्सna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mas·sa मग्गंmag·gaṃ पुच्छेय्युं;puc·chey·yuṃ

     tamenaṁ naḷakāragāmato tāvadeva avasaṭaṁ naḷakāragāmassa maggaṁ puccheyyuṁ;

     And as soon as they left the town some people asked them for the road to Naḷakāra.

219. 219

     सियाsi·yā नुnu खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va तस्सtas·sa पुरिसस्सpu·ri·sas·sa नळकारगामेna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·me जातवद्धस्सjā·ta·vad·dhas·sa नळकारगामस्सna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mas·sa मग्गंmag·gaṃ पुट्ठस्सpuṭ·ṭhas·sa दन्धायितत्तंdan·dhā·yi·tat·taṃ वाvā वित्थायितत्तंvit·thā·yi·tat·taṃ वा”ति?vā

     siyā nu kho, māṇava, tassa purisassa naḷakāragāme jātavaddhassa naḷakāragāmassa maggaṁ puṭṭhassa dandhāyitattaṁ vā vitthāyitattaṁ vā”ti?

     Would they be slow or hesitant to answer?”

220. 220

     “नोno हिदं,hi·daṃ भोbho गोतम”।go·ta·ma

     “No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.

     “No, worthy Gotama.

221. 221

     “तंtaṃ किस्सkis·sa हेतु”?he·tu

     “Taṁ kissa hetu”?

     Why is that?

222. 222

     “अमुa·mu हि,hi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma पुरिसोpu·ri·so नळकारगामेna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·me जातवद्धो।jā·ta·vad·dho तस्सtas·sa सब्बानेवsab·bā·ne·va नळकारगामस्सna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mas·sa मग्गानिmag·gā·ni सुविदितानी”ति।su·vi·di·tā·nī

     “Amu hi, bho gotama, puriso naḷakāragāme jātavaddho. Tassa sabbāneva naḷakāragāmassa maggāni suviditānī”ti.

     Because they were born and raised in Naḷakāra. They’re well acquainted with all the roads to the village.”

223. 223

     “सियाsi·yā नुnu खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va तस्सtas·sa पुरिसस्सpu·ri·sas·sa नळकारगामेna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·me जातवद्धस्सjā·ta·vad·dhas·sa नळकारगामस्सna·ḷa·kā·ra·gā·mas·sa मग्गंmag·gaṃ पुट्ठस्सpuṭ·ṭhas·sa दन्धायितत्तंdan·dhā·yi·tat·taṃ वाvā वित्थायितत्तंvit·thā·yi·tat·taṃ वाति,vā·ti नna त्वेवtve·va तथागतस्सta·thā·ga·tas·sa ब्रह्मलोकंbrah·ma·lo·kaṃ वाvā ब्रह्मलोकगामिनिंbrah·ma·lo·ka·gā·mi·niṃ वाvā पटिपदंpa·ṭi·pa·daṃ पुट्ठस्सpuṭ·ṭhas·sa दन्धायितत्तंdan·dhā·yi·tat·taṃ वाvā वित्थायितत्तंvit·thā·yi·tat·taṃ वा।vā

     “Siyā nu kho, māṇava, tassa purisassa naḷakāragāme jātavaddhassa naḷakāragāmassa maggaṁ puṭṭhassa dandhāyitattaṁ vā vitthāyitattaṁ vāti, na tveva tathāgatassa brahmalokaṁ vā brahmalokagāminiṁ vā paṭipadaṁ puṭṭhassa dandhāyitattaṁ vā vitthāyitattaṁ vā.

     “Still, it’s possible they might be slow or hesitant to answer. But the Realized One is never slow or hesitant when questioned about the realm of divinity or the practice that leads to the realm of divinity.

224. 224

     ब्रह्मानञ्चाहं,brah·mā·nañ·cā·haṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va पजानामिpa·jā·nā·mi ब्रह्मलोकञ्चbrah·ma·lo·kañ·ca ब्रह्मलोकगामिनिञ्चbrah·ma·lo·ka·gā·mi·niñ·ca पटिपदं;pa·ṭi·pa·daṃ यथापटिपन्नोya·thā·pa·ṭi·pan·no चca ब्रह्मलोकंbrah·ma·lo·kaṃ उपपन्नोu·pa·pan·no तञ्चtañ·ca पजानामी”ति।pa·jā·nā·mī

     Brahmānañcāhaṁ, māṇava, pajānāmi brahmalokañca brahmalokagāminiñca paṭipadaṁ; yathāpaṭipanno ca brahmalokaṁ upapanno tañca pajānāmī”ti.

     I understand the Divinity, the realm of divinity, and the practice that leads to the realm of divinity, practicing in accordance with which one is reborn in the realm of divinity.”

225. 225

     “सुतंsu·taṃ मेतं,me·taṃ भोbho गोतम:go·ta·ma

     “Sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama:

     “Worthy Gotama, I have heard that

226. 226

     ‘समणोsa·ma·ṇo गोतमोgo·ta·mo ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गंmag·gaṃ देसेती’ति।de·se·tī

     ‘samaṇo gotamo brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggaṁ desetī’ti.

     the ascetic Gotama teaches a path to company with divinity.

227. 227

     साधुsā·dhu मेme भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गंmag·gaṃ देसेतू”ति।de·se·tū

     Sādhu me bhavaṁ gotamo brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggaṁ desetū”ti.

     Please teach me that path.”

228. 228

     “तेनte·na हि,hi माणव,mā·ṇa·va सुणाहि,su·ṇā·hi साधुकंsā·dhu·kaṃ मनसिma·na·si करोहि,ka·ro·hi भासिस्सामी”ति।bhā·sis·sā·mī

     “Tena hi, māṇava, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.

     “Well then, student, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

229. 229

     “एवं,e·vaṃ भो”तिbho खोkho सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवतोbha·ga·va·to पच्चस्सोसि।pac·cas·so·si

     “Evaṁ, bho”ti kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavato paccassosi.

     “Yes, worthy sir,” replied Subha.

230. 230

     भगवाbha·ga·vā एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

     Bhagavā etadavoca:

     The Buddha said this:

231. 231

     “कतमोka·ta·mo च,ca माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गो?mag·go

     “Katamo ca, māṇava, brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggo?

     “And what is a path to company with divinity?

232. 232

     इध,i·dha माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu मेत्तासहगतेनmet·tā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā एकंe·kaṃ दिसंdi·saṃ फरित्वाpha·rit·vā विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti तथाta·thā दुतियं,du·ti·yaṃ तथाta·thā ततियं,ta·ti·yaṃ तथाta·thā चतुत्थं;ca·tut·thaṃ इतिi·ti उद्धमधोud·dha·ma·dho तिरियंti·ri·yaṃ सब्बधिsab·ba·dhi सब्बत्ततायsab·bat·ta·tā·ya सब्बावन्तंsab·bā·van·taṃ लोकंlo·kaṃ मेत्तासहगतेनmet·tā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विपुलेनvi·pu·le·na महग्गतेनma·hag·ga·te·na अप्पमाणेनap·pa·mā·ṇe·na अवेरेनa·ve·re·na अब्याबज्झेनab·yā·baj·jhe·na फरित्वाpha·rit·vā विहरति।vi·ha·ra·ti

     Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṁ, tathā tatiyaṁ, tathā catutthaṁ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati.

     Firstly, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.

233. 233

     एवंe·vaṃ भावितायbhā·vi·tā·ya खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va मेत्तायmet·tā·ya चेतोविमुत्तियाce·to·vi·mut·ti·yā यंyaṃ पमाणकतंpa·mā·ṇa·ka·taṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ नna तंtaṃ तत्रावसिस्सति,tat·rā·va·sis·sa·ti नna तंtaṃ तत्रावतिट्ठति।tat·rā·va·tiṭ·ṭha·ti

     Evaṁ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, mettāya cetovimuttiyā yaṁ pamāṇakataṁ kammaṁ na taṁ tatrāvasissati, na taṁ tatrāvatiṭṭhati.

     When the heart’s release by love has been developed like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there.

234. 234

     सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va बलवाba·la·vā सङ्खधमोsaṅ·kha·dha·mo अप्पकसिरेनेवap·pa·ka·si·re·ne·va चातुद्दिसाcā·tud·di·sā विञ्ञापेय्य;viñ·ñā·pey·ya

     Seyyathāpi, māṇava, balavā saṅkhadhamo appakasireneva cātuddisā viññāpeyya;

     Suppose there was a powerful horn blower. They’d easily make themselves heard in the four quarters.

235. 235

     एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणवmā·ṇa·va …पे…pe एवंe·vaṃ भावितायbhā·vi·tā·ya खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va मेत्तायmet·tā·ya चेतोविमुत्तियाce·to·vi·mut·ti·yā यंyaṃ पमाणकतंpa·mā·ṇa·ka·taṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ नna तंtaṃ तत्रावसिस्सति,tat·rā·va·sis·sa·ti नna तंtaṃ तत्रावतिट्ठति।tat·rā·va·tiṭ·ṭha·ti

     evameva kho, māṇava …pe… evaṁ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, mettāya cetovimuttiyā yaṁ pamāṇakataṁ kammaṁ na taṁ tatrāvasissati, na taṁ tatrāvatiṭṭhati.

     In the same way, when the heart’s release by love has been developed like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there.

236. 236

     अयम्पिa·yam·pi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गो।mag·go

     Ayampi kho, māṇava, brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggo.

     This is a path to company with divinity.

237. 237

     “पुनpu·na चपरं,ca·pa·raṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va भिक्खुbhik·khu करुणासहगतेनka·ru·ṇā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā …पे…pe

     “Puna caparaṁ, māṇava, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe…

     Furthermore, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of compassion …

238. 238

     मुदितासहगतेनmu·di·tā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā …पे…pe

     muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe…

     They meditate spreading a heart full of rejoicing …

239. 239

     उपेक्खासहगतेनu·pek·khā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā एकंe·kaṃ दिसंdi·saṃ फरित्वाpha·rit·vā विहरति,vi·ha·ra·ti तथाta·thā दुतियं,du·ti·yaṃ तथाta·thā ततियं,ta·ti·yaṃ तथाta·thā चतुत्थं;ca·tut·thaṃ इतिi·ti उद्धमधोud·dha·ma·dho तिरियंti·ri·yaṃ सब्बधिsab·ba·dhi सब्बत्ततायsab·bat·ta·tā·ya सब्बावन्तंsab·bā·van·taṃ लोकंlo·kaṃ उपेक्खासहगतेनu·pek·khā·sa·ha·ga·te·na चेतसाce·ta·sā विपुलेनvi·pu·le·na महग्गतेनma·hag·ga·te·na अप्पमाणेनap·pa·mā·ṇe·na अवेरेनa·ve·re·na अब्याबज्झेनab·yā·baj·jhe·na फरित्वाpha·rit·vā विहरति।vi·ha·ra·ti

     upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṁ, tathā tatiyaṁ, tathā catutthaṁ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati.

     They meditate spreading a heart full of equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.

240. 240

     एवंe·vaṃ भावितायbhā·vi·tā·ya खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va उपेक्खायu·pek·khā·ya चेतोविमुत्तियाce·to·vi·mut·ti·yā यंyaṃ पमाणकतंpa·mā·ṇa·ka·taṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ नna तंtaṃ तत्रावसिस्सति,tat·rā·va·sis·sa·ti नna तंtaṃ तत्रावतिट्ठति।tat·rā·va·tiṭ·ṭha·ti

     Evaṁ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā yaṁ pamāṇakataṁ kammaṁ na taṁ tatrāvasissati, na taṁ tatrāvatiṭṭhati.

     When the heart’s release by equanimity has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there.

241. 241

     सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi माणव,mā·ṇa·va बलवाba·la·vā सङ्खधमोsaṅ·kha·dha·mo अप्पकसिरेनेवap·pa·ka·si·re·ne·va चातुद्दिसाcā·tud·di·sā विञ्ञापेय्य;viñ·ñā·pey·ya

     Seyyathāpi, māṇava, balavā saṅkhadhamo appakasireneva cātuddisā viññāpeyya;

     Suppose there was a powerful horn blower. They’d easily make themselves heard in the four quarters.

242. 242

     एवमेवe·va·me·va खो,kho माणवmā·ṇa·va …पे…pe एवंe·vaṃ भावितायbhā·vi·tā·ya खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va उपेक्खायu·pek·khā·ya चेतोविमुत्तियाce·to·vi·mut·ti·yā यंyaṃ पमाणकतंpa·mā·ṇa·ka·taṃ कम्मंkam·maṃ नna तंtaṃ तत्रावसिस्सति,tat·rā·va·sis·sa·ti नna तंtaṃ तत्रावतिट्ठति।tat·rā·va·tiṭ·ṭha·ti

     evameva kho, māṇava …pe… evaṁ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā yaṁ pamāṇakataṁ kammaṁ na taṁ tatrāvasissati, na taṁ tatrāvatiṭṭhati.

     In the same way, when the heart’s release by equanimity has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there.

243. 243

     अयम्पिa·yam·pi खो,kho माणव,mā·ṇa·va ब्रह्मानंbrah·mā·naṃ सहब्यतायsa·hab·ya·tā·ya मग्गो”ति।mag·go

     Ayampi kho, māṇava, brahmānaṁ sahabyatāya maggo”ti.

     This too is a path to company with divinity.”

244. 244

     एवंe·vaṃ वुत्ते,vut·te सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

     Evaṁ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

     When he had spoken, Subha said to him,

245. 245

     “अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma अभिक्कन्तं,a·bhik·kan·taṃ भोbho गोतम।go·ta·ma

     “abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama.

     “Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent!

246. 246

     सेय्यथापि,sey·ya·thā·pi भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma निक्कुज्जितंnik·kuj·ji·taṃ वाvā उक्कुज्जेय्य,uk·kuj·jey·ya पटिच्छन्नंpa·ṭic·chan·naṃ वाvā विवरेय्य,vi·va·rey·ya मूळ्हस्सmū·ḷhas·sa वाvā मग्गंmag·gaṃ आचिक्खेय्य,ā·cik·khey·ya अन्धकारेan·dha·kā·re वाvā तेलपज्जोतंte·la·paj·jo·taṃ धारेय्य:dhā·rey·ya ‘चक्खुमन्तोcak·khu·man·to रूपानिrū·pā·ni दक्खन्ती’ति;dak·khan·tī एवमेवंe·va·me·vaṃ भोताbho·tā गोतमेनgo·ta·me·na अनेकपरियायेनa·ne·ka·pa·ri·yā·ye·na धम्मोdham·mo पकासितो।pa·kā·si·to

     Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.

     As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, worthy Gotama has made the teaching clear in many ways.

247. 247

     एसाहंe·sā·haṃ भवन्तंbha·van·taṃ गोतमंgo·ta·maṃ सरणंsa·ra·ṇaṃ गच्छामिgac·chā·mi धम्मञ्चdham·mañ·ca भिक्खुसङ्घञ्च।bhik·khu·saṅ·ghañ·ca

     Esāhaṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca.

     I go for refuge to the worthy Gotama, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.

248. 248

     उपासकंu·pā·sa·kaṃ मंmaṃ भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo धारेतुdhā·re·tu अज्जतग्गेaj·ja·tag·ge पाणुपेतंpā·ṇu·pe·taṃ सरणंsa·ra·ṇaṃ गतं।ga·taṃ

     Upāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gataṁ.

     From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.

249. 249

     हन्दhan·da चca दानिdā·ni मयं,ma·yaṃ भोbho गोतम,go·ta·ma गच्छाम;gac·chā·ma

     Handa ca dāni mayaṁ, bho gotama, gacchāma;

     Well, now, worthy Gotama, I must go.

250. 250

     बहुकिच्चाba·hu·kic·cā मयंma·yaṃ बहुकरणीया”ति।ba·hu·ka·ra·ṇī·yā

     bahukiccā mayaṁ bahukaraṇīyā”ti.

     I have many duties, and much to do.”

251. 251

     “यस्सदानिyas·sa·dā·ni त्वं,tvaṃ माणव,mā·ṇa·va कालंkā·laṃ मञ्ञसी”ति।mañ·ña·sī

     “Yassadāni tvaṁ, māṇava, kālaṁ maññasī”ti.

     “Please, student, go at your convenience.”

252. 252

     अथa·tha खोkho सुभोsu·bho माणवोmā·ṇa·vo तोदेय्यपुत्तोto·dey·ya·put·to भगवतोbha·ga·va·to भासितंbhā·si·taṃ अभिनन्दित्वाa·bhi·nan·dit·vā अनुमोदित्वाa·nu·mo·dit·vā उट्ठायासनाuṭ·ṭhā·yā·sa·nā भगवन्तंbha·ga·van·taṃ अभिवादेत्वाa·bhi·vā·det·vā पदक्खिणंpa·dak·khi·ṇaṃ कत्वाkat·vā पक्कामि।pak·kā·mi

     Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.

     And then Subha approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right, before leaving.

253. 253

     तेनte·na खोkho पनpa·na समयेनsa·ma·ye·na जाणुस्सोणिjā·ṇus·so·ṇi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo सब्बसेतेनsab·ba·se·te·na वळवाभिरथेनva·ḷa·vā·bhi·ra·the·na सावत्थियाsā·vat·thi·yā निय्यातिniy·yā·ti दिवाdi·vā दिवस्स।di·vas·sa

     Tena kho pana samayena jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo sabbasetena vaḷavābhirathena sāvatthiyā niyyāti divā divassa.

     Now at that time the brahmin Jānussoṇi drove out from Sāvatthī in the middle of the day in an all-white chariot drawn by mares.

254. 254

     अद्दसाad·da·sā खोkho जाणुस्सोणिjā·ṇus·so·ṇi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo सुभंsu·bhaṃ माणवंmā·ṇa·vaṃ तोदेय्यपुत्तंto·dey·ya·put·taṃ दूरतोवdū·ra·to·va आगच्छन्तं।ā·gac·chan·taṃ

     Addasā kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo subhaṁ māṇavaṁ todeyyaputtaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.

     He saw the student Subha coming off in the distance,

255. 255

     दिस्वानdis·vā·na सुभंsu·bhaṃ माणवंmā·ṇa·vaṃ तोदेय्यपुत्तंto·dey·ya·put·taṃ एतदवोच:e·ta·da·vo·ca

     Disvāna subhaṁ māṇavaṁ todeyyaputtaṁ etadavoca:

     and said to him,

256. 256

     “हन्दhan·da कुतोku·to नुnu भवंbha·vaṃ भारद्वाजोbhā·rad·vā·jo आगच्छतिā·gac·cha·ti दिवाdi·vā दिवस्सा”ति?di·vas·sā

     “handa kuto nu bhavaṁ bhāradvājo āgacchati divā divassā”ti?

     “So, worthy Bhāradvāja, where are you coming from in the middle of the day?”

257. 257

     “इतोi·to हिhi खोkho अहं,a·haṃ भो,bho आगच्छामिā·gac·chā·mi समणस्सsa·ma·ṇas·sa गोतमस्सgo·ta·mas·sa सन्तिका”ति।san·ti·kā

     “Ito hi kho ahaṁ, bho, āgacchāmi samaṇassa gotamassa santikā”ti.

     “Just now, good fellow, I’ve come from the presence of the ascetic Gotama.”

258. 258

     “तंtaṃ किंkiṃ मञ्ञसि,mañ·ña·si भवंbha·vaṃ भारद्वाजोbhā·rad·vā·jo समणस्सsa·ma·ṇas·sa गोतमस्सgo·ta·mas·sa पञ्ञावेय्यत्तियंpañ·ñā·vey·yat·ti·yaṃ पण्डितोpaṇ·ḍi·to मञ्ञेति”?mañ·ñe·ti

     “Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, bhavaṁ bhāradvājo samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṁ paṇḍito maññeti”?

     “What do you think of the ascetic Gotama’s lucidity of wisdom? Do you think he’s astute?”

259. 259

     “कोko चाहं,cā·haṃ भो,bho कोko चca समणस्सsa·ma·ṇas·sa गोतमस्सgo·ta·mas·sa पञ्ञावेय्यत्तियंpañ·ñā·vey·yat·ti·yaṃ जानिस्सामि?jā·nis·sā·mi

     “Ko cāhaṁ, bho, ko ca samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṁ jānissāmi?

     “Worthy sir, who am I to judge the ascetic Gotama’s lucidity of wisdom?

260. 260

     सोपिso·pi नूनस्सnū·nas·sa तादिसोवtā·di·so·va योyo समणस्सsa·ma·ṇas·sa गोतमस्सgo·ta·mas·sa पञ्ञावेय्यत्तियंpañ·ñā·vey·yat·ti·yaṃ जानेय्या”ति।jā·ney·yā

     Sopi nūnassa tādisova yo samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṁ jāneyyā”ti.

     You’d really have to be on the same level to judge his lucidity of wisdom.”

261. 261

     “उळारायu·ḷā·rā·ya खलुkha·lu भवंbha·vaṃ भारद्वाजोbhā·rad·vā·jo समणंsa·ma·ṇaṃ गोतमंgo·ta·maṃ पसंसायpa·saṃ·sā·ya पसंसती”ति।pa·saṃ·sa·tī

     “Uḷārāya khalu bhavaṁ bhāradvājo samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ pasaṁsāya pasaṁsatī”ti.

     “Worthy Bhāradvāja praises the ascetic Gotama with high praise indeed.”

262. 262

     “कोko चाहं,cā·haṃ भो,bho कोko चca समणंsa·ma·ṇaṃ गोतमंgo·ta·maṃ पसंसिस्सामि?pa·saṃ·sis·sā·mi

     “Ko cāhaṁ, bho, ko ca samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ pasaṁsissāmi?

     “Who am I to praise the ascetic Gotama?

263. 263

     पसत्थपसत्थोवpa·sat·tha·pa·sat·tho·va सोso भवंbha·vaṃ गोतमोgo·ta·mo सेट्ठोseṭ·ṭho देवमनुस्सानं।de·va·ma·nus·sā·naṃ

     Pasatthapasatthova so bhavaṁ gotamo seṭṭho devamanussānaṁ.

     He is praised by the praised as the best among gods and humans.

264. 264

     येye चिमे,ci·me भो,bho ब्राह्मणाbrāh·ma·ṇā पञ्चpañ·ca धम्मेdham·me पञ्ञपेन्तिpañ·ña·pen·ti पुञ्ञस्सpuñ·ñas·sa किरियायki·ri·yā·ya कुसलस्सku·sa·las·sa आराधनाय;ā·rā·dha·nā·ya

     Ye cime, bho, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya;

     The five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful

265. 265

     चित्तस्सेतेcit·tas·se·te समणोsa·ma·ṇo गोतमोgo·ta·mo परिक्खारेpa·rik·khā·re वदेति—va·de·ti

     cittassete samaṇo gotamo parikkhāre vadeti—

     he says are prerequisites of the mind for

266. 266

     यदिदंya·di·daṃ चित्तंcit·taṃ अवेरंa·ve·raṃ अब्याबज्झंab·yā·baj·jhaṃ तस्सtas·sa भावनाया”ति।bhā·va·nā·yā

     yadidaṁ cittaṁ averaṁ abyābajjhaṁ tassa bhāvanāyā”ti.

     developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.”

267. 267

     एवंe·vaṃ वुत्ते,vut·te जाणुस्सोणिjā·ṇus·so·ṇi ब्राह्मणोbrāh·ma·ṇo सब्बसेताsab·ba·se·tā वळवाभिरथाva·ḷa·vā·bhi·ra·thā ओरोहित्वाo·ro·hit·vā एकंसंe·kaṃ·saṃ उत्तरासङ्गंut·ta·rā·saṅ·gaṃ करित्वाka·rit·vā येनye·na भगवाbha·ga·vā तेनञ्जलिंte·nañ·ja·liṃ पणामेत्वाpa·ṇā·met·vā उदानंu·dā·naṃ उदानेसि:u·dā·ne·si

     Evaṁ vutte, jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo sabbasetā vaḷavābhirathā orohitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā udānaṁ udānesi:

     When he had spoken, Jānussoṇi got down from his chariot, arranged his robe over one shoulder, raised his cupped palms toward the Buddha, and expressed this heartfelt sentiment three times,

268. 268

     “लाभाlā·bhā रञ्ञोrañ·ño पसेनदिस्सpa·se·na·dis·sa कोसलस्स,ko·sa·las·sa सुलद्धलाभाsu·lad·dha·lā·bhā रञ्ञोrañ·ño पसेनदिस्सpa·se·na·dis·sa कोसलस्सko·sa·las·sa

     “lābhā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa, suladdhalābhā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa

     “King Pasenadi of Kosala is lucky, so very lucky

269. 269

     यस्सyas·sa विजितेvi·ji·te तथागतोta·thā·ga·to विहरतिvi·ha·ra·ti अरहंa·ra·haṃ सम्मासम्बुद्धो”ति।sam·mā·sam·bud·dho

     yassa vijite tathāgato viharati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho”ti.

     that the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha is living in his realm!”

270. 270

     सुभसुत्तंsu·bha·sut·taṃ निट्ठितंniṭ·ṭhi·taṃ नवमं।na·va·maṃ

     Subhasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

     (Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.